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1.
An attempt is made to find out the suitable entrainment and exit boundary conditions in laminar flow situations. Streamfunction vorticity formulation of the Navier–Stokes equations are solved by ADI method. Two‐dimensional laminar plane wall jet flow is used to test different forms of the boundary conditions. Results are compared with the experimental and similarity solution and the proper boundary condition is suggested. The Kind 1 boundary condition is recommended. It consists of zero first derivative condition for velocity variable and for streamfunction equation, mixed derivative at the entrainment and exit boundaries. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
3.
沈有根 《中国科学A辑(英文版)》2002,45(3):400-408
Using the membrane model which is based on brick wall model, we calculated the free energy and entropy of Garfinkle-Horne dilatonic black hole due to arbitrary spin fields. The result shows that the entropy of scalar field and the entropy of Fermionic field have similar formulas. There is only a coefficient between them. 相似文献
4.
Let
d−1{(x1,…,xd)
d:x21+···+x2d=1} be the unit sphere of the d-dimensional Euclidean space
d. For r>0, we denote by Brp (1p∞) the class of functions f on
d−1 representable in the formwhere dσ(y) denotes the usual Lebesgue measure on
d−1,
and Pλk(t) is the ultraspherical polynomial.For 1p,q∞, the Kolmogorov N-width of Brp in Lq(
d−1) is given bythe left-most infimum being taken over all N-dimensional subspaces XN of Lq(
d−1).The main result in this paper is that for r2(d−1)2,where ANBN means that there exists a positive constant C, independent of N, such that C−1ANBNCAN.This extends the well-known Kashin theorem on the asymptotic order of the Kolmogorov widths of the Sobolev class of the periodic functions. 相似文献
5.
We obtain expressions for the energy spectrum widths of Rayleigh waves corresponding to their deformational coupling to Fermi and Boltzmann electrons in a two-dimensional layer near the surface of a semibounded solid. We evaluate the nonequilibrium energy of Rayleigh waves that depends on these widths and is caused by the same coupling to the corresponding hot electrons. We show that this energy is independent of the degeneracy degree of the electrons and is given by the mean energy of free Rayleigh waves heated up to temperature of the electrons. We find conditions under which the thermodynamics is determined by this nonequilibrium energy of Rayleigh waves in films of a certain thickness with Fermi electrons near the surface and by the equilibrium energy of bulk phonons in thicker samples. All the results are obtained using the Keldysh diagram technique applied to the case of semibounded media. 相似文献
6.
V. S. Gorelik P. P. Sverbil' A. B. Fadyushin V. V. Vasil'ev 《Journal of Russian Laser Research》2004,25(1):54-63
A possibility of application of semiconductor lasers of the visible range as exciting sources for Raman spectroscopy is studied. An experimental set-up for measuring Raman spectra of polycrystalline dielectrics and broad-gap semiconductors excited by a semiconductor laser with a wavelength of 640 nm was created. The conditions under which the spectral width of the lasing line of a semiconductor laser was within 10-3 cm-1 in the continuous mode with a power of 10 mW are realized. The characteristics of various types of exciting sources used in Raman spectroscopy are compared. The results of studies of the characteristic Raman spectra excited with a semiconductor laser in polycrystalline sulfur are presented. 相似文献
7.
研究了Yb3 掺杂铝氟磷酸盐 (AFP)玻璃的吸收光谱、荧光光谱 ,测量了Yb3 离子的荧光有效线宽 (Δλeff>5 5nm)以及2 F5 2 能级的荧光寿命 (τmax=2ms)及随掺杂浓度的变化 .应用倒易法计算了Yb3 的发射截面 ,其发射截面可达 0 6 6 82 3pm2 ,且激光增益系数τfσemi达 1 2 89ms.pm2 .评估了Yb3 在AFP玻璃中的激光性能 ,发现其具有较理想的激发态最小粒子数 (0 15 )、饱和抽运强度 (8 3kW cm2 )和最小抽运强度 (1 2 4 5kW cm2 )值及良好的热稳定性 .研究结果表明掺Yb3 氟磷酸盐玻璃是实现高功率超短可调谐激光器的理想增益介质 . 相似文献
8.
T. Kasahara H.S. Park D. Shindo H. Yoshikawa T. Sato K. Kondo 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2006
Domain wall motion in Mn–Zn and Ni–Zn ferrites with applied magnetic fields is investigated by in situ observations with Lorentz microscopy and electron holography. It is found that both Mn–Zn and Ni–Zn ferrites have a mean grain size of approximately 10 μm and several pores with sizes ranging from 0.2 to 1.1 μm. In situ observations by Lorentz microscopy with an applied magnetic field reveals that in Mn–Zn ferrite, the domain walls move easily across the grain boundary, while in Ni–Zn ferrite, the domain walls move along the grain boundary but are pinned at the grain boundary and pores. From in situ observations of Ni–Zn ferrite by electron holography, it is clarified that domain wall pinning at the grain boundary retards a sensitive increase in magnetic flux parallel to the applied field direction, which is considered to result in high hysteresis loss. 相似文献
9.
We study a class of shape optimization problems for semi-linear elliptic equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions in smooth
domains in ℝ2. A part of the boundary of the domain is variable as the graph of a smooth function. The problem is equivalently reformulated
on a fixed domain. Continuity of the solution to the state equation with respect to domain variations is shown. This is used
to obtain differentiability in the general case, and moreover a useful formula for the gradient of the cost functional in
the case where the principal part of the differential operator is the Laplacian.
Online publication 23 January 2004. 相似文献
10.
A. López-Ortega 《General Relativity and Gravitation》2004,36(6):1299-1319
We show that the Dirac equation is separable in the circularly symmetric metric in three dimensions and when the background spacetime is de Sitter we find exact solutions to the radial equations. Using these results we show that the de Sitter horizon has a cross section equal to zero for the massless Dirac field, as in the case of the scalar field. Also, using the improved brick wall model we calculate the fermionic entropy associated with the de Sitter horizon and we compare it with some results previously published. 相似文献