Design of the low energy beam transport line for the China spallation neutron source

The design of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) low-energy beam transport (LEBT) line, which locates between the ion source and the radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ), has been completed with the TRACE3D code. The design aims at perfect matching, primary chopping, a small emittance growth and sufficient space for beam diagnostics. The line consists of three solenoids, three vacuum chambers, two steering magnets and a pre-chopper. The total length of LEBT is about 1.74 m. This LEBT is designed to transfer 20 mA of H-pulsed beam from the ion source to the RFQ. An induction cavity is adopted as the pre-chopper.The electrostatic octupole steerer is discussed as a candidate. A four-quadrant aperture for beam scraping and beam position monitoring is designed.     

散裂靶中质子束窗的散射效应

 质子束窗是在高功率靶区中的一个分界窗,它将质子输运线上高真空区域和氦容器中的氦环境分开。在其他散裂中子源中质子束窗的热效应以及机械问题都已经被研究过了,但质子束在该窗中散射效应的研究却很少被报导,然而在靶设计中如果没有处理好质子束窗的散射效应会有很大的问题。报导了质子束窗散射效应的模拟计算结果,包括不同质子束窗的材料和结构选择,并以中国散裂中子源（CSNS）为例,介绍了在CSNS一期和二期中质子束窗采用周边水冷的铝合金单层结构,CSNS三期采用中间水冷的铝合金夹层结构。文中给出了不同结构的质子束窗和不同的与靶距离散射效应对靶上经非线性磁铁均匀化的束流分布的影响的模拟计算结果。模拟结果显示质子窗的散射效应对束流损失和靶上的束流分布有重要的影响。     

Study on induced radioactivity of China Spallation Neutron Source

China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is the first High Energy Intense Proton Accelerator planned to be constructed in China during the State Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, whose induced radioactivity is very important for occupational disease hazard assessment and environmental impact assessment. Adopting the FLUKA code, the authors have constructed a cylinder-tunnel geometric model and a line-source sampling physical model, deduced proper formulas to calculate air activation, and analyzed various issues with regard to the activation of different tunnel parts. The results show that the environmental impact resulting from induced activation is negligible, whereas the residual radiation in the tunnels has a great influence on maintenance personnel, so strict measures should be adopted.     

Control system for the CSNS ion source test stand

A penning plasma surface H- ion source test stand for the CSNS has just been constructed at the IHEP. In order to achieve a safe and reliable system, nearly all devices of the ion source are designed to have the capability of both local and remote operation function. The control system consists of PLCs and EPICS real-time software tools separately serving device control and monitoring, PLC integration and OPI support. This paper summarizes the hardware and software implementation satisfying the requirements of the ion source control system.     

Development of a portable and fast wire tension measurement system for MWPC construction

In a multi-wire proportional chamber detector(MWPC), the anode and signal wires must maintain suitable tension, which is very important for the detector's stable and accurate performance. As a result, wire tension control and measurement is essential in MWPC construction. A high pressure3 He MWPC detector is to be used as the thermal neutron detector of the multi-functional reflectometer at China Spallation Neutron Source, and in the construction of the detector, we have developed a wire tension measurement system. This system is accurate,portable and time-saving. With it, the wire tension on an anode wire plane has been tested. The measurement results show that the wire tension control techniques used in detector manufacture are reliable.     

Experiments and analysis of thin tungsten slice and W/Cu brazing for primary collimator scraper in CSNS/RCS

According to the requirements for the beam collimation system of the rapid cycling synchrotron(RCS)of China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS),the main structure of a scraper of primary collimator is made by W/Cu brazing,in which the thickness of tungsten slice is 0.17 mm.In order to get the best mechanical properties,the brazing temperature is suggested to be controlled under the recrystallization temperature of tungsten,while the recrystallization temperature is affected directly by the thickness of tungsten.Because of little research and application on the brazing of thin tungsten slice of 0.17 mm and copper,tensile tests are done to get the mechanical properties of tungsten slices which experience different brazing temperatures.In keeping the inner relationships between the mechanical properties and temperature,another experiment is done by using SEM to scan the microstructures including the size and distribution of crystals.Finally we determine the recrystallization temperature of tungsten slice of 0.17 mm,and get the best parameters of W/Cu brazing for scrapers of primary collimator in CSNS/RCS.     

New experimental measurement of natSe(n, γ) cross section between 1 eV to 1 keV at the CSNS Back-n facility

The ⁷⁴Se is one of 35 p-nuclei, and ⁸²Se is a r-process only nucleus, and their (n, γ) cross sections are vital input parameters for nuclear astrophysics reaction network calculations. The neutron capture cross section in the resonance range of isotopes and even natural selenium samples has not been measured. Prompt γ-rays originating from neutron-induced capture events were detected by four C₆D₆ liquid scintillator detectors at the Back-n facility of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). The pulse height weighting technique (PHWT) was used to analyze the data in the 1 eV to 100 keV region. The deduced neutron capture cross section was compared with ENDF/B-VIII.0, JEFF-3.2, and JENDL-4.0, and some differences were found. Resonance parameters were extracted by the R-matrix code SAMMY in the 1 eV-1 keV region. All the cross sections of ^natSe and resonance parameters are given in the datasets. The datasets are openly available at http://www.doi.org/10.11922/sciencedb.j00113.00019.     

Study of eddy current power loss in an RCS vacuum chamber

In a Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS), power loss due to an eddy current on the metal vacuum chamber would cause heating of the vacuum chamber. It is important to study the effect for estimating eddy current induced power loss and temperature growth. Analytical formulas for eddy current power loss for various types of vacuum chambers are derived for dipole and quadrupole repectively. By using the prototype of dipole of CSNS/RCS, an experiment was done to test the analytical formula. The derived formulas were applied to calculating the eddy current power loss on some special structures of an RCS vacuum chamber.     

Improved design and construction of an ionization chamber for the CSNS beam loss monitor (BLM)

Based on the first ionization chamber (IC) prototype, the structure, working gas component and electrode material of the IC are improved. The test of the improved IC shows that the plateau length is about 2000 V, the plateau slope is less than 0.2%/100 V, the sensitivity is 19.6 pA/rad·h^-1, the up-limitation of the linearity can be up to 3.6×10⁵ rad/h, and the applied voltage can be operated to 3500 V. The test results show that the performance of the improved IC meets the requirements of the beam loss monitor.     

Design and simulation of a wire scanner for the CSNS linac

In this paper,we report the design and simulation of a wire scanner for the linac of the CSNS(China Spallation Neutron Source).The wire scanner is used to measure the transverse beam profile andthe emittance.The effect of beam energy change upon the mechanical design of the wire scanner must beconsidered.The simulation results of heat on the two specified wires,tungsten and carbon,by using the finite element method software,ANSYS,are presented.In addition,the effect of wire deformation on the beam profile measurement is qualitatively analyzed,and the signal level of the wire scanner is discussed.