A Rapid Qualitative Method For The Detection Of Monofluoroacetic Acid (1080) In Liquid Baits

Abstract

A rapid, simple, and sensitive method for detecting the rodenticide monofluoroacetic acid (1080) in liquid baits is described. Sensitivity is in the ppm region and the method can be completed in about 15 minutes.     

Screening Procedure for Sodium Fluoroacetate (Compound 1080) at Sub-microgram/gram Concentrations in Soils

Abstract

Sodium fluoroacetate (Compound 1080) is readily quantitated at sub-microgram per gram concentrations in small (ca. 1 g) soil samples. Samples are ultrasonically extracted with water, which is then partitioned with hexane, and acidified prior to re-extraction with ethyl acetate. The latter is taken to dryness in the presence of triethanolamine “keeper”, and the resulting acid is derivatized with pentafluorobenzyl bromide. Quantitation is performed using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron-capture detector. A standardized statistical protocol is used to validate a screening level of 0.2 μg Compound 1080/g soil. Difluoroacetic, trifluoroacetic, and naturally-occurring formic acids do not interfere with the determination. The recovery for Compound 1080 was 40% from soil fortified to 0.2 μg/g soil.     

2 × Zoom Ratio Telecentric Projector Lens Design for 1080 P High Definition Television with Minimum 8000 K Color Temperature

In today's digital age, digital projectors and their application are gaining in significance, especially in the home theater area where the projected area is more than hundred inches. More attention has to be paid to the design of these than of ordinary data projectors due to the enhancement of both definition and contrast for home theater projectors. This complicates the optical design of the projector, especially in 1080 P flat plane panel resolution requirements with strong offset of 130%, whose semi-image height (18.6 mm) is very close to that of 35 mm film (20 to 21 mm). In this paper the lens design samples focus on the application of a projector with a 1080 P digital micromirror device (DMD) system with 10.68 μm per pitch. Such lenses have the telecentric design on the image side because of the total internal reflection (TIR) prism. The complicated design is the reason for this: firstly, there must be a very long back focal length due to the huge TIR prism and zoom mechanical system; secondly, there is an extremely relative luminance requirement (70% minimum) at semi-image height (18.6 mm); thirdly, there are difficulties in the elimination of lateral aberration due to the limited choice of glass and, fourthly, there is a 2 × zoom ratio with modulation transfer function requirement of 40% at 501p/mm at a semi-image height of 18.6 mm minimum and, most important, limited total overall length. The lens design with 2 × zoom ratio for 1080 P resolution was presented with great success; the optimal calculation of lateral chromatic aberration via genetic algorithm (GA) was introduced in this research and then a local minimum of lateral color aberration was identified.     

Constituents of Aquilaria sinensis Leaves Upregulate the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteases 2 and 9

In this novel study, we isolated 28 compounds from the leaves of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg based on a bioassay-guided procedure and also discovered the possible matrix metalloprotease 2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9) modulatory effect of pheophorbide A (PA). To evaluate the regulatory activity on MMP-2 and MMP-9, the HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cells were treated with various concentrations of extracted materials and isolated compounds. PA was extracted by methanol from the leaves of A. sinensis and separated from the fraction of the partitioned ethyl acetate layer. PA is believed to be an active component for MMP expression since it exhibited significant stimulation on MMP-2 and proMMP-9 activity. When treating with 50 μM of PA, the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were increased 1.9-fold and 2.3-fold, respectively. PA also exhibited no cytotoxicity against HT-1080 cells when the cell viability was monitored. Furthermore, no significant MMP activity was observed when five PA analogues were evaluated. This study is the first to demonstrate that C-17 of PA is the deciding factor in determining the bioactivity of the compound. The MMP-2 and proMMP-9 modulatory activity of PA indicate its potential applications for reducing scar formation and comparative medical purposes.     

Synthesis and characterization of inorganic solid electrolytes of Li2O-SiO2-P2O5 and Li2O-TiO2-SiO2-P2O5 systems

The lithium-ion-conducting inorganic solid electrolytes in the oxide systems Li₂O-SiO₂-P₂O₅ and Li₂O-TiO₂-SiO₂-P₂O₅ were prepared by the solid-state reaction, and the electrolyte pellet made by cold-pressing method had diameter of 13 mm and was about 1 mm thick. Phase identification and surface morphology of the products were carried out by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Ionic conductivity of the pellets was investigated through ac impedance. The results show that the adding of other cations can improve the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte, and the sintering temperature and duration can influence the ionic conductivity. The maximum ionic conductivity in the samples is 9.9 × 10⁻⁴ S/cm in the Li₂O-TiO₂-SiO₂-P₂O₅ system. Original Russian Text ? W. Li, M. Wang, Z.H. Li, X.F. Shang, H. Wang, Y.W. Wang, Y.B. Xu, 2007, published in Elektrokhimiya, 2007, Vol. 43, No. 11, pp. 1341–1345.