成对组合弯头ζ值的试验研究

本文试验研究了成对组合弯头组合后局部阻力系数ζ值的变化规律,并结合生产提出了建议.     

一种模拟动边界绕流的锐利界面浸入边界法

When the structural wall moves over a fixed grid, the structure coverage will change, resulting in many dead and emerging elements. To avoid the influence of malformation and reconstruction of body-fitted grids on the calculation efficiency and accuracy of the fluid-structure interaction problems with coupled boundary movement on the fixed grid, an improved numerical method for describing the interaction between an immersed rigid body and fluid based on a sharp-interface is proposed. In this method, both the fluid and solid are regarded as pure fluid domains in the whole computational domain, and the solid boundary is divided into several Lagrangian grid points. The flow parameter or velocity is reconstructed by interpolation at the interface element, which is then directly used as the boundary condition of the flow field, thus reflecting the influence of the wall boundary conditions. The method constructs the calculation structure of “virtual point, force point and vertical foot point”, and the velocity of the virtual point is obtained by bilinear interpolation. Then, the velocity of the force point is calculated by forcing the solid boundary to meet the no-slip condition, and the equations of the coupling system based on the immersion boundary method are finally solved to realize the numerical simulation of the flow with a complex moving boundary. The numerical program for this immersed boundary method is established using C++, then the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method are validated by comparison with the literature and experimental results of the basic numerical example of flow around a cylinder. Furthermore, the effects of the structural shape and the angle of attack on the trailing vortex structure, the vortex shedding frequency, and the lift/ coefficient characteristics of the flow around the elliptical cylinder have been analyzed. The anti-symmetric S-type, “P+S” Ⅰ-type and “P+S” Ⅱ-type trailing vortex shedding modes, as well as the variation laws of the vortex structure size, vortex shedding frequency and lift-drag coefficients ratio with axis ratio and angle of attack, are captured. The critical angle of attack (25°) corresponding to the maximum lift-drag ratio is determined as 25°.     

球形钨合金破片空气阻力系数实验研究

 实验研究了理想球形钨合金破片和经历爆轰驱动的球形钨合金破片长距离飞行时的速度衰减规律。实验结果表明：（1）对于理想球形钨合金破片,在同一初始速度条件下,衰减系数为常数,空气阻力系数与初始速度有关,两者成线性关系;（2）对于经历爆轰驱动的球形钨合金破片,由于有轻微的质量损失和变形,速度衰减规律与理想球形钨合金破片有明显的区别,空气阻力系数与飞行速度有关,两者成线性关系。     

发动机机油滤清器滤层强度分析及优化

针对机油滤清器工作工况下进出口压差、机油滤层强度及导流桩高度等问题,通过试验测试与仿真相结合,对滤清器初步设计进行了评估及优化,以确保滤清器在工作工况下进出口压降及滤层强度能满足要求.首先进行滤层性能试验,得到滤层的惯性阻力系数和黏性阻力系数;再通过滤层多孔介质CFD分析,对滤清器进出口压降进行分析计算.结果表明:在-...     

发动机机油滤清器虑层强度分析及优化

针对机油滤清器工作工况下进出口压差、机油滤层强度及导流桩高度等问题, 通过试验测试与仿真相结合, 对滤清器初步设计进行了评估及优化, 以确保滤清器在工作工况下进出口压降及滤层强度能满足要求. 首先进行滤层性能试验, 得到滤层的惯性阻力系数和黏性阻力系数; 再通过滤层多孔介质CFD分析, 对滤清器进出口压降进行分析计算. 结果表明: 在-18℃、25℃和70℃的工况下, 进出口压降都小于10kPa, 满足相关要求. 针对滤层的最大主应力超过其抗拉强度的问题, 通过CAE仿真分析, 优化滤层与导流桩间隙, 将滤层最大主应力由110.1MPa降至36.99MPa, 小于其抗拉强度42.8MPa.     

基于单目视觉追踪测量羽毛球空气阻力系数

针对羽毛球空气阻力系数难以测量的问题,提出了一种基于单目视觉追踪来测量羽毛球空气阻力系数的方法。使用摄像头对运动员击打羽毛球的过程进行拍摄,通过图像识别算法追踪视频中羽毛球的飞行轨迹获取羽毛球的即时速度,最后根据动力学规律分析得出羽毛球的空气阻力系数。该方法测量精度较高,测量过程简便,可推广用于测量其他飞行物体的空气阻力系数。     

矩形平底渠道淹没水跃区的水头损失

研究了矩形平底明渠淹没水跃区的水头损失。根据Rajaratnam对淹没水跃区的流速分布、壁面切应力、最大流速的试验成果和Verhoff附壁射流区断面流速分布的计算公式,应用紊流边界层理论研究了淹没水跃区的边界层发展和沿程水头损失的计算方法。根据动量方程和能量方程研究了淹没水跃区的跃前断面水深、总水头损失、局部水头损失、消能率的计算方法。给出了淹没水跃区最大流速、紊流边界层厚度、沿程水头损失、总水头损失、局部水头损失、局部阻力系数、消能率的计算方法。研究表明:淹没水跃区的总水头损失是跃前断面弗劳德数、跃前水深和淹没度的函数,沿程水头损失和局部水头损失与跃前断面流速、水深、水跃长度、跃前断面的特征雷诺数和消力池宽度有关。淹没水跃区的水头损失主要是局部水头损失,消能率随着弗劳德数的增加而增加。     

测定不同形状物体空气阻力系数的实验

设计空气流速连续可调的小型风洞,对圆形平板、圆柱体、流线体的空气阻力系数进行测量.利用U型管中水柱的高度差表达孔板法中空气的流速,通过悬臂梁力传感器测量测试物受到的空气阻力,根据空气阻力和U型管中水柱的高度差的关系测定空气阻力系数.     

微小通道内空气流动特性实验研究

研究了空气在不同压比条件下,在内径分别为0.4 mm和0.5 mm的微圆直管内的流动特性.研究表明空气流过微圆管的阻力系数是常规管道的4至5倍,且存在层流状态提前过渡到湍流状态的提前转捩现象.微圆管管径越小,管内流动压力损失越大.