介绍一个与材料相关的研究型综合化学实验——壳聚糖的制备与表征

在中国科学技术大学夏季学期的研究型实验课程"化学科研基础训练"中开设"壳聚糖的制备与表征"综合实验,以龙虾壳为原料,通过除蛋白、脱盐、脱色、脱乙酰等一系列反应,制备得到目标产物壳聚糖。运用红外光谱、核磁共振仪、黏度法、滴定等对产品的结构及性能进行表征。     

乳糖修饰壳聚糖微载体的制备及对培养肝细胞代谢活性的影响

液体石蜡作分散介质。戊二醛作交联刑，通过反相悬浮聚合制备了微米级的壳聚糖微载体．环氧氟丙烷活化后，乳糖进行修饰．用孔糖修饰的微载体进行原代大鼠肝细胞培养，利用相差显微镜对培养细胞进行形态观察，并测定肝细胞的代谢活性，结果显示，乳糖修饰壳聚糖微载体是一种优良的肝细胞培养支架．     

壳聚糖衍生物的制备及其吸附性能

壳聚糖衍生物的制备及其吸附性能曲荣君，马千里，郑秀丽，孙言志（烟台师范学院化学系烟台２６４０２５）关键词壳聚精衍生物，制备，吸附壳聚糖（ＣＴＳ）是重金瞩离子的吸附剂￣［１，２］，由于壳聚精分子中的－ＮＨ＿２在ｐＨ较低的水溶液易形成而使ＣＴＳ溶于水，造...     

锌试剂分光光度法测定壳聚糖含量

利用锌试剂与壳聚糖在一定酸度条件下的特异性显色反应，即其复合物在465nm处吸光度与壳聚糖含量在0～O．04g／L范围内呈现良好的线性关系(R=0．996)，基于此建立了一种简便快速的分光光度法。平均回收率为99．68％。     

藻朊酸钠／壳聚糖聚电解质复合物膜：Ⅰ.对水／有机液体系的渗透 …

制备了藻朊酸钠／壳聚糖聚电解质复合物复合膜，研究了进料液浓度，温度等对水／乙醇体系渗透汽化特性的影响；发现膜的不同表面是料液时膜的分离不同。同时，对其它水／有机液体系，该膜也具有优异的分离性能。     

壳聚糖浓溶液流变性质研究──分子量的依赖性

series of chitosan samlpes with 91% deacetylation but different molecular weight were obtained by varying the time of chitosan solution in acetic acid aqueous solution at 70℃.The viscosities and flow behavior of the concentrated solutions of chitosan were investigated in 10% (vol%) formic acid aqueous solution after the solutions were prepared for two days by using RPX-705 Rheopexy Analyzer.For each chitosan sample,at the concentration of 3.5 g/100ml,the log (ηr/η0)versus lgγη0,M curves superimpose each other within the same rheogramme. Then the relationship between log nr and lgM was studied under different shear rates.For the highest M sample, the experimental data deviate from the straight lines greatly. This was because the chitosan chain degradated in acid solution during dissolving. The molecular weights were measured in acid solution after two days of dissolving, they were right on their own straight lines. However,no obvious degradation was observed after two days in the same solution for the other lower M chitosan sam-ples. In addition, the plot of nr against M was not a straight line,probaly due to particular interaction of chitosan.     

基于壳聚糖膜固定双酶的胆碱传感器的研究

提出了一种基于壳聚糖膜固定辣根过氧化物酶 胆碱氧化酶的胆碱传感器的制备方法。该传感器以电聚合于玻碳电极的硫堇作为电子传递介体,在pH6. 8,外加电压-0. 2V(vs.SCE)条件下,其峰电流与浓度范围 5. 0×10-5 ~3. 0×10-3 mol/L的胆碱呈良好的线性响应;检出限为 1. 0×10-5 mol/L。传感器有良好的选择性和稳定性,使用一月后,仍能保持其初始活性的 80%。     

2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵壳聚糖的制备及其性能研究

以脱乙酰度为95.37%的壳聚糖(CTS)为原料,异丙醇为溶剂,2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵为改性剂,于80℃反应12 h合成了水溶性季铵盐2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵壳聚糖(HACC)。HACC的吸水保水性是CTS的2倍～3倍,加入化妆品中培养2周后菌落总数少于100 CFU.g-1。     

Amperometric Determination of lndole-3-acetic Acid Based on Platinum Nanowires and Carbon Nanotubes

Platinum nanowire （PtNW） can be grown by electrodeposition in polycarbonate membrane, with the average diameter of the nanowires about 250 nm. The PtNW and multiwalled carbon nanotubes （CNT） are then dispersed into chitosan （CHIT） solution. The resulting PtNW-CNT-CHIT material brings new capabilities for electrochemical devices by using the synergistic action of the electrocatalytic activity of PtNW and CNT. By dropping the PtNW-CNT-CHIT film onto the glassy carbon （GO） electrode surface, and after evaporation an amperometric sensor for the determination of indole-3-acetic acid （IAA） was developed. The oxidation current of IAA increased significantly at the PtNW-CNT-CHIT film coated GC electrode, in contrast to that at the CNT-CHIT modified GC. The linear response of the sensor is from 50 ng/ml to 50 μg/ml with a detection limit of 25 ng/mL.     

分子印迹壳聚糖膜分离手性苯丙氨酸

以L-苯丙氨酸(L-Phe)为印迹分子,采用相转化法制备了分子印迹壳聚糖膜。分别采用碱液处理和硫酸交联两种方法对膜进行处理,降低了壳聚糖膜的溶胀度,印迹膜内识别位点的结构得以保持。采用FT-IR和SEM对膜的化学组成和结构形态进行了表征。通过渗透实验考察了分子印迹壳聚糖膜和非印迹空白壳聚糖膜对D,L-苯丙氨酸(D,L-Phe)混合物的手性拆分性能,并与空白膜进行了比较。印迹膜的分离因子达到1.43。