The acoustic characteristics of clause, sentence and paragraph boundaries in Chinese Putonghua

The acoustic and perceptive characteristics of discourse units, including clauses, simple sentences, compound sentences and paragraphs, were studied. The acoustic characteristics were based on the analysis of a speech corpus consisted of ten monologues. The Perceived Boundary Strength (PBS) of the monologues was labeled on a five-point scale by 25 participants. The main results are as follows: (1) There is a significant difference in the PBS of clauses (corresponding to intonational phrase), sentences (including simple sentences and compound sentences) and paragraphs. But the PBS of simple sentences and compound sentences is the same, and the pitch reset and pause are also not significantly different between these two kinds of boundaries. (2) The pitch-based cue used to distinguish clauses, sentences and paragraphs appears to be the difference between pre- and post-boundary syllables, but not simply the pitch value of either syllable alone. (3) Declination mainly occurs within intonational phrases, whereas there is no consistent global declination in sentences or in paragraphs. (4) Pauses are longer and more varied at the boundary of larger discourse units. Moreover, there is a significant positive correlation between pause duration and degree of pitch reset at clause boundaries, but not at sentence or paragraph boundaries.     

21世纪最具潜力的新型带隙材料——声子晶体

半导体发展中遇到的极大障碍,使许多研究人员开始研究光子晶体。然而,声子晶体比光子晶体具有更丰富的物理内涵,它是一种新型声学功能带隙材料。研究声子晶体的重要意义在于其广阔的应用前景,而且在研究过程中,还可能发现新现象和新规律,进而促进物理学的发展。一、什么是声子晶体声子晶体的概念诞生于20世纪90年代,是仿照光子晶体的概念而命名的。我们都知道,具有光子禁带的周期性电介质结构功能材料称为光子晶体,光子能量落在光子禁带中的光波将被禁止,不能在光子晶体中传播。通过对光子晶体周期结构及其缺陷进行设计,可以人为地调控光子…     

Advances in micro-perforated panel absorbers

Theoretical and experimental investigations on the performance of micro-perforated -panel absorbers are reviewed in this paper. By reviewing recent research work, this paper reveals a relationship between the maximum absorption coefficient and the limit of the absorption frequency bandwidth. It has been demonstrated that the absorption frequency bandwidth can be extended up to 3 or 4 octaves as the diameters of the micro-holes decrease. This has become possible with the development of the technologies for manufacturing micro-perforated panels, such as laser drilling, powder metallurgy, welded meshing and electro-etching to form micrometer order holes. In this paper, absorption characteristics of such absorbers in random fields and in high sound intensity are discussed both theoretically and experimentally. A new absorbing structure based on micro-perforated-panel absorbers demonstrate experimentally high sound absorption capability. This review shows that the micro-perforated-panel absorber has potentials to be one of ideal absorbing materials in the 21st century.     

新可调谐超短脉冲OPA——OPerA-TOPAS-White

Coherent（相干）公司（www．coherent．com．cn）推出新的非共线光参量放大器（NOPA）OPerA^TMTM-TOPAS-White，可以从紫外到近红外连续调谐．即使采用脉冲宽度超过100fs的钛宝石超快放大器泵浦，非共线设计使OPerA-TOPAS-White仍然能够输出25fs以下的超短激光脉冲．相比之下，采用传统OPA获得超短脉冲需要更复杂而且更昂贵的超短卖出放大器系统泵浦．     

拉曼放大器中放大的自发拉曼散射与拉曼开-关增益关系的研究

研究了拉曼放大器中放大的自发拉曼散射对拉曼开－关增益的影响，并提出了一种利用自发拉曼散射谱来调整拉曼放大器位曼开－关增益平坦的方法，实验采用4个波长为14xx nm的激光二极管作为抽运源，75km的G．652光纤作为传输介质，获得了C波段附近的光放大，同时对此给出了合理的理论解释。     

Ce3+对Er3+/Yb3+共掺氟磷酸盐玻璃光谱性质的影响

研究了能量接受离子Ce3+对Er3+上转换发光强度以及Er3+在1.5 μm附近波段发光性能参数的影响,并从能量匹配及能级结构角度出发对Er3+/Ce3+间的能量转移机制进行了分析.分析认为,4 I11/2能级的Er3+通过无辐射能量转移把能量传递给2F5/2能级的Ce3+激发其跃迁至2F7/2能级,而4I11/2能级上的Er3+则无辐射弛豫至4I13/2能级,从而有效降低氟磷酸盐玻璃中Er3+的上转换发光.当Er3+浓度为1.11×1020 cm-3时,Ce3+的最佳掺杂浓度为2.22×1020 cm-3,此时Ce3+的引入不仅可以降低上转换发光,而且有助于提高Er3+在1.5 μm附近波段的荧光强度、发射截面以及4I13/2能级荧光寿命.     

基于射频模块MAX2740设计的高动态GPS接收机前端

基于MAX2740射频接收前端提供了从天线到数字化输入之间完备的GPS接收方案，信号通道包括了低噪声放大器（LNA）、两级下变频器、可变增益／固定增益放大器、压控振荡器（VCO）及频率合成器等。     

高频聚焦换能器声场的激光测量法

本文描述了一种使用激光测振技术测量高频聚焦换能器声场布的方法，并给出了使用该方法对一种高频聚换能器进行测量的结果，通过理论计算对结果的正确性进行了验证。     

Theoretical analysis of the acoustical characteristics of suspended micro-perforated panel absorbers

Sound absorption characteristics of suspended micro-perforated panel absorbers were investigated theoretically. The method of half thickness model of such panel absorber with quadripole analysis was used for predicting its acoustic performance. The analysis results show that the predictions agree well with the measurements of absorption in the reverberation chamber. The factors affecting the absorption characteristics for such absorbers were discussed, and some rules as design guidelines were given.     

高功率LDA紧密侧面抽运Nd:YLF两级双程离轴放大系统实验研究

 介绍了一台10mm口径两级双程离轴放大系统，实现了对5mm×5mm口径光束的激光放大，耦合系统采用高功率LDA紧密侧面直接抽运棒状Nd:YLF方式。分析并实验研究了在不同抽运电流、放大脉冲与放大器LDA抽运时刻的不同延时及不同注入能量条件下，放大系统及光束每次放大时放大特性的规律。实验得到：在放大系统5mm×5mm软光阑处注入1.58mJ能量时，放大系统可输出129.2mJ能量，能量提取效率达到19.5%，满足该系统的设计指标。