利用起伏界面改善非消声水池中的声功率测量

针对非消声水池的声学测量应用,提出了一种在界面起伏的非消声水池中测量水下声源辐射声功率的方法。基于数值方法分析了在非消声水池中利用起伏界面改善低频声源辐射声功率测量的可行性,进一步在一个尺寸为1.2 m×1.0 m×0.8 m的非消声水池中开展实验研究,测量了水声换能器的辐射声功率。实验表明,相对于界面静止的水池,利用造波装置生成随机起伏界面后,声场扩散性明显改善:(1)水池的Schroeder频率从10015 Hz降低到8370 Hz,辐射声功率的测量范围向低频扩展;(2)结合空间平均技术测得的频响曲线起伏程度减小,与自由场值更接近,辐射声功率的测量结果更为准确。所提方法有助于提高非消声水池中水下目标声学特性的测量能力。     

Effect of Time Delay on Binary Signal Detection via a Bistable System

The effect of time delay on binary signal detection via a bistable system in the presence of white or colored Gaussian noise is investigated. By defining the bit error rate based on the solution of the approximated Fokker- Planck equation, the detector performance is investigated theoretically and is verified by Monte Carlo simulation. It is shown that, when the system parameter or noise intensity is optimally chosen, the increasing time delay generally improves the system performance. It is also shown that it is more difficult to accurately predict the system performance with a larger time delay and correlation time. This may inspire more thorough investigations in cooperative effects of a nonlinear system and time delay on signal processing.     

双稳随机共振参数特性的研究

以双稳系统为研究对象，探讨了影响和产生双稳随机共振的参数选择特性.双稳系统参数和二次采样频率参数有着内在的物理联系，它们的改变都会引起势垒、势阱间距和粒子跃迁速率的改变，并使噪声能量相对重新分配，进而影响随机共振效果.根据随机共振的参数选择规律，可通过适当的参数选择来得到最佳的随机共振状态，为后续数据处理奠定基础.     

用于混响中信号检测的空时预白化处理器

提出了一种新型的空时预白化处理器用于抑制混响,它是基于二维自回归模型的。这种处理器将接收到的数据从空间和时间上联合进行处理,进而分离目标回波和混响。这种方法较传统的从空间和时间上分别进行处理的方法能够更有效的抑制混响。通过与传统的一维自回归预白化处理器相比较,使用空时预白化处理器后的检测效果提高了约9~11 dB。      

可调混响对白、效果录音棚的音质设计

电影对白录音,应根据人物所处的环境选择所需的最佳混响时间,为此,就需设计可调混响的对白录音棚.问题在于如何确保:1.有足够大的、符合设计要求的可调幅度;2.在100—4000Hz的覆盖频率范围内可调混响的幅度接近相同;3.调节构造应便于操作、经久耐用. 本文在总结了当前可调混响录音棚存在问题的基础上,提出了如何达到上述要求的一些措施.此外,还介绍了过去被忽视的屋盖撞击隔声性能和控制棚内气流噪声等问题。对棚的一般音质设计也概要地作了介绍.     

光学材料热光系数的精确测量——“热光系数仪”

本文介绍用于光学材料系数精确测量的“热光系数仪”。该仪器采用两种干涉仪组合、微机控制和数据采集处理等设计方案,实现了高精度测量。低温区热膨胀系数α、折射率温度系数β热光系数W的测量精度可达±3×10~(-7)°C~(-1)。     

基于洛伦兹函数微扰的磁光光纤布喇格光栅线性透射谱和非线性双稳特性研究

基于非线性耦合模理论,利用逆向递推龙格-库塔法,数值研究了在磁光耦合系数中引入洛伦兹函数微扰后对磁光光纤布喇格光栅线性透射谱和非线性双稳特性的影响.研究结果表明:给磁光耦合系数引入洛伦兹微扰能在线性透射谱阻带中打开线宽极窄的一个透射窗口,微扰宽度和微扰中心位置可以影响透射窗口的位置、宽度以及峰值大小;当微扰宽度和微扰中...     

双稳系统的随机能量共振和作功效率

分析了处于双稳系统中的布朗粒子与外界的周期性外力和热随机力的功、热交互作用,建立了基于Langevin方程的随机能量平衡方程.围绕着受周期力、随机力和阻尼力共同作用的Langevin方程,采用动力学和非平衡热力学相结合的方法,从以"力"为立足点转到以"能量"为研究核心,深入分析了布朗粒子沿单一轨线运动时系统与环境之间的能量交换和作功效率,揭示了双稳系统的随机能量共振现象. 关键词： 双稳系统 随机能量共振 作功效率     

Waveguide invariance structure for low frequency monostatic bottom reverberation mitigation in shallow water

The stable range-frequency interference structure(waveguide invariance) of the low frequency monostatic bottom reverberation in shallow water is derived theoretically in this paper by using ray-normal mode coherent reverberation model and separable bottom scattering model.And combined the concept of spectral subtraction,a reverberation forecasting and mitigating method based on the waveguide invariance is presented.According to the waveguide invariance,the reverberation intensity for a detecting range can be estimated from the reverberation returns scattered from some other range cells nearby the detecting range with frequency shift.Then the reverberation component for the detecting range in the echo can be canceled mostly by using the estimated reverberation intensity,so as to enhance the echo-to-reverberation ratio and improve the detection capability of the active sonar.Simulations in typical horizontal layered shallow water environment show the stability of waveguide invariance structure in the low frequency monostatic bottom reverberation and the efficiency of the reverberation forecasting and mitigating method based on the waveguide invariance.     

A method for detecting target echo in reverberation based on fractional Fourier transform

A method for detecting the target echo in reverberation was proposed based on fractional Fourier transform theory when the transmitted signal is linear frequency modulation signal. The slow time-varying envelope of reverberation is computed to process reverberation to be stationary. The stationary reverberation is cut into blocks using a sliding window. A narrow-band filter is applied in FrFT domain for each block and the signal is recovered through inverse FrFT. Output of the system is the energy of the recovered signal. When the target echo is included in one of the blocks, the reverberation noise is reduced, and the output is the energy of the target echo. All the simulation and lake experiment results show that the detection performance of the present method is better than that of the matched filter.