夏季东亚副热带反气旋进退活动的非线性机理讨论

采用三维强迫耗散非线性动力学模式,结合夏季东亚副热带地区实际的环流结构和天气特征,对东亚上空副热带反气旋的活动进行了研究和探讨,导出了系统稳定性的位涡拟能判据并据此进行了分析和讨论·所得判据可为分析和预报夏季东亚上空副热带高压的进退变化及相应的东亚天气提供参考依据·     

经验正交函数与遗传算法结合的副热带高压位势场非线性模型反演

针对副热带高压的动力预报模型难以准确构建的困难,基于T106数值预报产品500 hPa位势高度场序列,用经验正交函数（EOF）分解方法对位势场序列进行了时、空分解,引入了动力系统重构思想,以EOF分解的空间模态的时间系数序列作为动力模型变量,用遗传算法全局搜索和并行计算优势,进行了动力模型参数的优化反演,建立了客观合理的非线性动力模型．通过对动力模型积分和EOF的时、空重构,实现了副热带高压的中、长期预报．试验结果表明,本文反演的动力模型的副热带高压预报效果优于常规的数值预报产品,该研究工作为副热带高压等复杂天气系统和要素场预报提供了新的方法思路和技术途径．     

基于遗传优化的西太平洋副高异常活动年份的动力预报模型反演

基于2000–2010年NECR/NECP的500 hPa位势场资料, 用EOF时空分解方法和动力模型重构思想, 通过遗传算法的全局优化搜索和并行计算途径, 开展了500 hPa位势场动力预报模型反演, 建立了刻画副高活动的非线性动力预报模型, 实现了副高活动的中长期预报. 模型预报试验表明, 该模型对副高的中长期活动, 尤其是异常活动能够较好地描述和预报, 进而为副高等复杂天气系统的预报探索了新的方法思路. 关键词： 副热带高压 500 hPa位势场 动力模型反演 遗传算法     

The exponential asymptotic solution of differential equation

In this paper, the exponential asymptotic solution (E.A.S.) of differential equation is discussed. Firstly, E.A.S. of the second-order differential equation is studied and the orthogonal conditions of the uniformly valid E.A.S. are found out. Next, E.A.S. in matched asymptotic method is discussed. Finally, some examples are given.     

Rossby inertia gravity solitary wave and the remote correlation between the East- and the West-Pacific subtropical high

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅａｂｎｏｒｍａｌｉｔｙｂｏｔｈｔｈｅＣｈｉｎａｗｅａｔｈｅｒａｎｄｔｈｅＷｅｓｔ＿Ｐａｃｉｆｉｃｓｕｂｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌｈｉｇｈ (ｍａｒｋｅｄＷＰＳＨ ,ｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｉｓｔｈｅｓａｍｅ)ａｒｅｃｌｏｓｅｌｙｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｅｄｉｎｓｕｍｍｅｒｓｅａｓｏｎ .Ｉｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ,ｓｏｍｅＷＰＳＨｓｅａｓｏｎａｌａｂｎｏｒｍａｌｉｔｙｓａｍｐｌｅｓｏｆｉｔｓｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｐｅｒｓｉｓｔｉｎｇｌｅａｎｉｎｇｎｏｒｔｈｗａｒｄｏｓｏｕｔｈｗａｒｄｗｅｒｅｓｔｕ…     

Space-time objective decomposition of vortex equations and mechanism analysis of subtropical high abnormal activities

To analyze the dynamic mechanism of unusual activities of the subtropical high, the space-time varible separation of the partial differential vortex equations is carried out with Galerkin methods based on the heat force and the whirl movement dissipation effect. Aiming at the subjective and man-made conventional method of choice in the space basis functions, we propose to combine the empirical orthogonal function （EOF） analysis with the genetic algorithm to inverse the space basis functions from the actual sequence of fields. A group of trigonometric functions are chosen as a generalized space basis function. With the least-squares error of the basis function and EOF typical fields, and with the complete orthogonality of basis functions, we can get the dual-bound function. A genetic algorithm is then introduced to carry out surface fitting and coefficient optimization of the basis function. As a result, the objective and reasonable constant differential equation of the subtropical high is obtained by inversion. Finally, based on the obtained nonlinear dynamics model, the dynamic behavior and mechanism of the subtropical high is analyzed and discussed under the influence of heat force. We find that solar radiation and zonal differences in land and sea are important factors impacting the potential field and flow field changes of the subtropical areas. These factors lead to strength changes of the subtropical high and medium-term advance/retreat activities. The former is a gradual change, while the latter shows more break characteristics. Meaningful results are obtained in the analysis.     

NON-LINEAR DYNAMIC MODEL RETRIEVAL OF SUBTROPICAL HIGH BASED ON EMPIRICAL ORTHOGONAL FUNCTION AND GENETIC ALGORITHM

Aiming at the difficulty of accurately constructing the dynamic model of subtropical high, based on the potential height field time series over 500 hPa layer of T106 numerical forecast products, by using EOF(empirical orthogonal function) temporal-spatial separation technique, the disassembled EOF time coefficients series were regarded as dynamical model variables, and dynamic system retrieval idea as well as genetic algorithm were introduced to make dynamical model parameters optimization search, then, a reasonable non-linear dynamic model of EOF time-coefficients was established. By dynamic model integral and EOF temporal-spatial components assembly, a mid-/long-term forecast of subtropical high was carried out. The experimental results show that the forecast results of dynamic model are superior to that of general numerical model forecast results. A new modeling idea and forecast technique is presented for diagnosing and forecasting such complicated weathers as subtropical high.     

天目山自然保护区常绿落叶阔叶林优势种群空间分布格局

基于浙江省天目山常绿阔叶林1 hm²样地调查数据,应用点格局方法分析了3种优势种细叶青冈(Cyclobalanopsis gracilis)、杉木(Cryptomeria fortunei)、短尾柯(Lithocarpus brevicaudatus)的空间分布格局,对比了优势种不同生长阶段(幼苗、幼树、中树、大树)的空间分布格局以及不同生长阶段之间的空间关联性.结果表明:(1)3个主要优势种并未受到明显的生境异质性的影响,总体呈现随机分布格局,其中短尾柯由于具有较高的根蘖率,导致在中树种群阶段于2~10 m处呈现聚集分布;(2)3个主要优势种在不同生长阶段之间1~25 m尺度范围内总体表现为无关联性,其中幼树与幼苗在小尺度(1~3 m)上均表现为正相关,细叶青冈中树与大树阶段之间存在潜在的负相关趋势,杉木幼树与大树阶段存在潜在的正相关趋势;(3)3个优势种群在发育过程中均未明显受到密度制约造成的自疏效应的影响.     

新昌县种子植物区系的研究

统计得出浙江新昌县共有野生种子植物141科,580属,1 138种.主要分析了该县的种子植物区系特征,表明其亚热带山地植物区系的特征显著.从地史上的联系、植物区系的分析及近代地理环境的某些相似性来看,本地区植物区系与东亚日本、北美有着不同程度的联系.     

ICP-MS法测定亚热带水果中的重金属含量

用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP–MS)法测定亚热带水果中Pb,Cd,As,Hg元素的含量,对实验条件进行优化,样品用微波消解法进行预处理,用Bi,In,Ge作内标校正基体干扰和漂移。Pb,Cd,As的线性范围为0.0～20.0ng/mL,Hg的线性范围为0.0～2.0 ng/mL,线性相关系数均为0.999 9。Pb,Cd,As,Hg元素的检出限分别为0.027,0.008,0.011,0.051 ng/mL,测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=6)在3.63%～5.72﹪之间,加标回收率为90.2%～102.0%。用该法测定茶叶、大米和小麦3种国家标准物质,测定结果均在标称值范围内。