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排序方式: 共有153条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Several 2- and 4-alkylcyclohexadienones were prepared and shown to accept electrons to produce ketyl radical anions that dissociated rapidly at room temperature to release carbon-centered radicals and an aromatic phenoxide type anion. In the PET process with benzyl-substituted cyclohexadienones, initiated with triethylamine, the benzyl radicals dimerised or abstracted an H-atom from solvent. In electrochemical reductions, and in reductions with alkali metals in liquid ammonia, the benzyl radicals were further reduced to anions. 相似文献
2.
3.
Ulrik Gran 《Tetrahedron》2003,59(24):4303-4308
A new macrocyclic NADH model 1 has been designed and synthesised. The new model consists of the same subunits as previously reported models. However, the present model is designed as such that the pyridine nitrogen of the nicotinamide units are not incorporated in the macrocyclic framework. Thus, properties such as solubility can easily be varied by alkylation with an appropriate agent. The macrocyclic framework was prepared in 7 steps. Methylation of the pyridine nitrogens followed by reduction gave the desired model. This model compound was found to reduce methyl benzoylformate stereoselectively in good yield with 48% enantiomeric excess. 相似文献
4.
Anirban Kar 《Tetrahedron》2005,61(22):5297-5302
Starting from citraconic anhydride (13), a simple multistep (9-10 steps) synthesis of naturally occurring butyrolactones maculalactone A (3), maculalactone B (1), maculalactone C (2) and nostoclide I (4) have been described with good overall yields via dibenzylmaleic anhydride (20) and benzylisopropylmaleic anhydride (27). The two anhydrides 20 and 27 were prepared by SN2′ coupling reactions of appropriate Grignard reagents with dimethyl bromomethylfumarate (14), LiOH-induced hydrolysis of esters to acids, bromination of carbon-carbon double bond, in situ dehydration followed by dehydrobromination and chemoselective allylic substitution of bromoatom in disubstituted anhydrides 19 and 26 with appropriate Grignard reagents. The NaBH4 reduction of these anhydrides 20 and 27 furnished the desired lactones 21 and 29, respectively. The lactone 21 on Knoevenagel condensation with benzaldehyde, furnished maculalactone B (1), which on isomerization gave maculalactone C (2). Selective catalytic hydrogenation of 1 gave maculalactone A (3). The conversion of lactone 29 to nostoclide I (4) is known. 相似文献
5.
A stereoselective total synthesis of (S)-Virol C and (S)-1-dehydroxyvirol A has been developed, based upon the selective and sequential substitution of the two trimethylsilyl groups of readily available 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,3-butadiyne. 相似文献
6.
7.
A new, continuous-flow consecutive reduction method was developed for the C-N bond formation in the synthesis of the key intermediate of the antipsychotic drug cariprazine. The two-step procedure consists of a DIBAL-H mediated selective ester reduction conducted in a novel, miniature alternating diameter reactor, followed by reductive amination using catalytic hydrogenation on 5% Pt/C. The connection of the optimized modules was accomplished using an at-line extraction to prevent precipitation of the aluminum salt byproducts. 相似文献
8.
Theodore D. Sideris Panayiotis V. Ioannou 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(5):1017-1030
The scope of ascorbic acid/iodine and triphenylphosphine/iodine in methanol for the direct reduction of arsenic(V) compounds having the As[dbnd]O group has been investigated. Ascorbic acid/iodine reduces arsonic acids, diphenylarsinic acid (but not dimethylarsinic acid), and triphenylarsine oxide. The rates of reduction depend on the electronic effects of the ligands bound to arsenic and on the hydrogen-bonding strength of the species, when present. When the As(V) compound has an [sbnd]NH 2 or an [sbnd]NH 3 + group, the reduction product reacts with a ketonic form of dehydroascorbic acid, giving condensation product(s). Triphenylphosphine/iodine reduced slowly the zwitterionic o-aminophenylarsonic acid but reduced faster the hydrochloric acid salt of the same acid. It reduced dimethylarsinic acid as well because the powerful electron-withdrawing Ph 3 P +coordinated to As[dbnd]O seems to outweigh the electronic and hydrogen bonding effects. 相似文献
9.
《Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews》2013,6(1):25-30
Abstract The enzymatic reduction of prochiral heterocyclic ketones by carrot (Daucus carota) root in water afforded the corresponding S-alcohols in accordance with the Prelog's rule. The reaction was performed under various conditions in order to optimize the procedure of bioreduction regarding reaction time, yield, and optimal mass of carrot. The optimized procedure was used to test the ability of other plants to carry out the reaction. In the latter experiment, it was observed that, with regard to stereospecificity, most vegetables tested were poorer reducing agents compared to D. carota. 相似文献
10.
Deformation measurements by digital image correlation: Implementation of a second-order displacement gradient 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
This paper outlines the procedure for refining the digital image correlation (DIC) method by implementing a second-order approximation
of the displacement gradients. The second-order approximation allows the DIC method to directly measure both the first- and
second-order displacement gradients resulting from nonlinear deformation. Thirteen unknown parameters, consisting of the components
of displacement, the first- and second-order displacement gradients and the gray-scale value offset, are determined through
optimization of a correlation coefficient. The previous DIC method assumes that the local deformation in a subset of pixels
is represented by a first-order Taylor series approximation for the displacement gradient terms, so actual deformations consisting
of higher order displacement gradients tend to distort the infinitesimal strain measurements. By refining the method to measure
both the first- and second-order displacement gradients, more accurate strain measurements can be achieved in large-deformation
situations where second-order deformations are also present. In most cases, the new refinements allow the DIC method to maintain
an accuracy of ±0.0002 for the first-order displacement gradients and to reach ±0.0002 per pixel for the second-order displacement
gradients. 相似文献