Logarithmic Regge pole

This work presents the subtraction procedure and the Regge cut in the logarithmic Regge pole approach. The subtraction mechanism leads to the same asymptotic behavior as previously obtained in the non-subtraction case. The Regge cut, in contrast, introduces a clear role to the non-leading contributions for the asymptotic behavior of the total cross-section. From these results, some simple parameterization is introduced to fit the experimental data for the proton-proton and antiproton-proton total cross-section above some minimum value up to the cosmic-ray. The fit parameters obtained are used to present predictions for the \begin{document}$ \rho(s)$\end{document} -parameter as well as to the elastic slope \begin{document}$ B(s)$\end{document} at high energies.     

Geometric quadrisection in linear time, with application to VLSI placement

We consider the following problem: given a set of points in the plane, each with a weight, and capacities of the four quadrants, assign each point to one of the quadrants such that the total weight of points assigned to a quadrant does not exceed its capacity, and the total distance is minimized.

This problem is most important in placement of VLSI circuits and is likely to have other applications. It is NP-hard, but the fractional relaxation always has an optimal solution which is “almost” integral. Hence for large instances, it suffices to solve the fractional relaxation. The main result of this paper is a linear-time algorithm for this relaxation. It is based on a structure theorem describing optimal solutions by so-called “American maps” and makes sophisticated use of binary search techniques and weighted median computations.

This algorithm is a main subroutine of a VLSI placement tool that is used for the design of many of the most complex chips.     

The asymptotic behavior of queueing systems: Large deviations theory and dominant pole approximation

This paper presents the exact asymptotics of the steady state behavior of a broad class of single-node queueing systems. First we show that the asymptotic probability functions derived using large deviations theory are consistent (in a certain sense) with the result using dominant pole approximations. Then we present an exact asymptotic formula for the cumulative probability function of the queue occupancy and relate it to the cell loss ratio, an important performance measure for service systems such as ATM networks. The analysis relies on a new generalization of the Taylor coefficients of a complex function which we call characteristic coefficients. Finally we apply our framework to obtain new results for the M/D/1 system and for a more intricate multiclass M/D/n system.     

Preprocessing of rotamers for protein design calculations

We have developed a process that significantly reduces the number of rotamers in computational protein design calculations. This process, which we call Vegas, results in dramatic computational performance increases when used with algorithms based on the dead-end elimination (DEE) theorem. Vegas estimates the energy of each rotamer at each position by fixing each rotamer in turn and utilizing various search algorithms to optimize the remaining positions. Algorithms used for this context specific optimization can include Monte Carlo, self-consistent mean field, and the evaluation of an expression that generates a lower bound energy for the fixed rotamer. Rotamers with energies above a user-defined cutoff value are eliminated. We found that using Vegas to preprocess rotamers significantly reduced the calculation time of subsequent DEE-based algorithms while retaining the global minimum energy conformation. For a full boundary design of a 51 amino acid fragment of engrailed homeodomain, the total calculation time was reduced by 12-fold.     

Exact rotamer optimization for protein design

Computational methods play a central role in the rational design of novel proteins. The present work describes a new hybrid exact rotamer optimization (HERO) method that builds on previous dead-end elimination algorithms to yield dramatic performance enhancements. Measured on experimentally validated physical models, these improvements make it possible to perform previously intractable designs of entire protein core, surface, or boundary regions. Computational demonstrations include a full core design of the variable domains of the light and heavy chains of catalytic antibody 48G7 FAB with 74 residues and 10(128) conformations, a full core/boundary design of the beta1 domain of protein G with 25 residues and 10(53) conformations, and a full surface design of the beta1 domain of protein G with 27 residues and 10(60) conformations. In addition, a full sequence design of the beta1 domain of protein G is used to demonstrate the strong dependence of algorithm performance on the exact form of the potential function and the fidelity of the rotamer library. These results emphasize that search algorithm performance for protein design can only be meaningfully evaluated on physical models that have been subjected to experimental scrutiny. The new algorithm greatly facilitates ongoing efforts to engineer increasingly complex protein features.     

FRS-XRSA表征双轴取向聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯薄膜的取向分布

Ｘ－射线散射理论分析（ＦＲＳ－ＸＲＳＡ）是作者为了研究和表征取向高聚物结晶度与晶粒取向分布（ＯＤＣ）的一种新方案．在表征ＯＤＣ方面应用分峰法（ＣＰＲ）消除了传统极图法（ＰＦＭ）中高重叠峰相互干扰的困难，克服了取向分布函数分析（ＯＤＦＡ）中出现虚织构的困难，并且经一次系统的ＦＲＳ－ＸＲＳ测定，可以得到几乎所有主要（ｈｋｌ）晶面法向的ＯＤＣ．作者应用ＦＲＳ－ＸＲＳＡ对二类双轴取向ＰＥＴ磁带薄膜进行了ＯＤＣ的研究。基于结晶几何学原理（ＣＧＰ），建立了三斜晶系晶粒坐标系与试样坐标系的关系，并用于推演未测定方位角（αｉ，βｉ）（ｈｋｌ）的晶面散射以及未测（ｈ′ｋ′ｌ′）晶面的ＯＤＣ．作者关系建立了双轴取向函数〈ｃｏｓ２φｈｋｌ，ｉ〉，ｉ＝Ｎ、Ｍ、Ｔ的计算公式．按照ＦＲＳ－ＸＲＳＡ获得了反映取向分布的１０个晶面的双轴极图、三个主晶面（１００）、（０１０）、（１０５）的总极图，以及反映平均取向的各种取向函数，如〈ｃｏｓ２φｈｋｌ，ｉ〉、ｆｃｈｋｌ，ｉ等，结果十分令人满意．     

Crystalline orientation of the InN films prepared by atmospheric pressure halide chemical vapor deposition

The structural analysis of the hexagonal InN film prepared on a Si(100) substrate by the AP-HCVD technique using InCl₃ and NH₃ as starting materials were carried out by the X-ray pole figure analysis. The deposited films consist of the hexagonal InN pillar crystals. It was found that the pillar crystals, which have random rotation around the 100 axis, were grown at an angle of 70–90° to the substrate.     

前缀码与极大前缀码的一种新刻画

在语言图Γ(X*)概念的基础上,用新引入的语言竹竿l(X*)和语言竹竿集L(X*)的概念形象地刻画了前缀码与极大前缀码:A是前缀码l(X*)∈L(X*),S_l_((X*))∩A或为单点集或为Φ;A是极大前缀码l(X*)∈L(X*),i)S_(l(X*))∩A或为单点集或为Φ.ii)S_(l(X*))∩A=Φ■u∈S_(l(X*)),■a∈A,ω∈X~+使a=uw.     

Bone Dimensional Change Following Immediate Implant Placement in Posterior Teeth with CBCT: A 6-Month Prospective Clinical Study

This prospective clinical study aimed to evaluate the peri-implant hard tissue dimensional change at 6 months of immediate implant placement with bone graft materials in the posterior area using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Twelve dental implants were placed concurrently following tooth extraction in the posterior area and filled with xenograft particles. The CBCT images were taken immediately after surgical procedures and then at 6 months follow-up. To evaluate the hard tissue changes, the vertical and horizontal bone thickness were analyzed and measured using ImageJ software. Paired t-test or Wilcoxon match-pair signed-rank test was done to analyze the changes of hard tissue values at the same level between immediately and 6 months following immediate implant placement. Independent t-test or Mann–Whitney U test was used to analyze the dimensional change in the vertical and horizontal direction in buccal and lingual aspects. The level of significance was set at p value = 0.05. All implants were successfully osseointegrated. At 6 months follow-up, the vertical bone change at the buccal aspect was −0.69 mm and at the lingual aspect −0.39 mm. For horizontal bone thickness, the bone dimensional changes at 0, 1, 5, and 9 mm levels from the implant platform were −0.62 mm, −0.70 mm, −0.24 mm, and −0.22 mm, respectively. A significant bone reduction was observed in all measurement levels during the 6 months after implant placement (p value < 0.05). It was noted that even with bone grafting, a decrease in bone thickness was seen following the immediate implant placement. Therefore, this technique can be an alternative method to place the implant in the posterior area.     

孤对电子与赤道取向——sp3d杂化轨道中电子对排列的一种有趣现象

揭示了一种有趣的分子结构现象：在ABn型多原子分子或离子结构中,若中心原子A的轨道杂化方式为sp3d,且价层有孤电子对时,孤电子对总是呈三角双锥的赤道取向;若分子中A、B原子间有重键时,B原子也总是呈赤道取向。探讨了这一现象的内在原因,并通过归纳法论证了这一规律。