Amalgamation of Ortholattices

We show that the variety of ortholattices has the strong amalgamation property and that the variety of orthomodular lattices has the strong Boolean amalgamation property, i.e. that two orthomodular lattices can be strongly amalgamated over a common Boolean subalgebra. We give examples to show that the variety orthomodular lattices does not have the amalgamation property and that the variety of modular ortholattices does not even have the Boolean amalgamation property. We further show that no non-Boolean variety of orthomodular lattices which is generated by orthomodular lattices of bounded height can have the Boolean amalgamation property.     

The axioms for implication in orthologic

We set up axioms characterizing logical connective implication in a logic derived by an ortholattice. It is a natural generalization of an orthoimplication algebra given by J. C. Abbott for a logic derived by an orthomodular lattice. This work is supported by the Research Project MSM 6198959214 by Czech Goverment.     

An Implication in Orthologic

We involve a certain propositional logic based on an ortholattice. We characterize the implication reduct of such a logic and show that its algebraic counterpart is the so-called orthosemilattice. Properties of congruences and congruence kernels of these algebras are described. This article was prepared under the support of Czech Government Council No. 314/98:153100011. MS classification: 06C15, 03G25, 08A30     

Order-topological separable complete modular ortholattices admit order continuous faithful valuations

We prove that on every separable complete atomic modular ortholattice (i.e.order topological) there exists an order continuous faithful valuation. We also give a construction of the existing order continuous faithful valuation. For separable atomic modular ortholattices we give a necessary and sufficient condition to admit an order continuous faithful valuation and we show that it is equivalent with the condition to have a modular MacNeille completion. We improve one statement on complete metric lattices from Birkhoff's Lattice Theory.

     

Epimorphisms in Certain Varieties of Algebras

We prove a lemma which, under restrictive conditions, shows that epimorphisms in V are surjective if this is true for epimorphisms from irreducible members of V. This lemma is applied to varieties of orthomodular lattices which are generated by orthomodular lattices of bounded height, and to varieties of orthomodular lattices which are generated by orthomodular lattices which are the horizontal sum of their blocks. The lemma can also be applied to obtain known results for discriminator varieties.     

Simple Axioms for Orthomodular Implication Algebras

Simple, independent axioms for orthomodular implication algebras are presented.     

Orthocomplementation and Compound Systems

In their 1936 founding paper on quantum logic, Birkhoff and von Neumann postulated that the lattice describing the experimental propositions concerning a quantum system is orthocomplemented. We prove that this postulate fails for the lattice _sep describing a compound system consisting of so called separated quantum systems. By separated we mean two systems prepared in different “rooms” of the lab, and before any interaction takes place. In that case, the state of the compound system is necessarily a product state. As a consequence, Dirac’s superposition principle fails, and therefore _sep cannot satisfy all Piron’s axioms. In previous works, assuming that _sep is orthocomplemented, it was argued that _sep is not orthomodular and fails to have the covering property. Here we prove that _sep cannot admit an orthocomplementation. Moreover, we propose a natural model for _sep which has the covering property. PACS: 03.65.Ta, 03.65.Ca