1944年诺贝尔化学奖得主——奥托·哈恩

奥托·哈恩是德国著名化学家、物理学家,一生致力于放射性化学的研究,是原子核裂变的奠基人,是科学史上的重要人物。因发现"原子核裂变"而获得1944年诺贝尔化学奖。     

Characterization of Volatile Compounds of Rosa roxburghii Tratt by Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry,Quantitative Measurements,Odor Activity Value,and Aroma Intensity

Rosa roxburghii tratt (RRT), widely distributed in the southwest of China, is favored by consumers for its good taste and healthy functions. In this study, thirty-seven compounds of Rosa roxburghii Tratt (RRT) were identified and quantified by gas chromatography–olfactometry (G–O) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Furthermore, ethyl 2-methylpropanoate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, and ethyl hexanoate were present with much higher odor activity values (OAVs) than other compounds. The key notes were confirmed by omission tests. Possible interaction among key notes was investigated through odor intensity determination and sensory analysis. It showed fruity and woody notes had synergistic effects. Full factorial design was used to evaluate the notes contribution to the whole odor. One important finding is the major effect of order interactions, fruity note (X1) and woody note (X4) especially, emphasizing the existence of complex interactions occurring between odor notes. The interaction X1X4 was further investigated. The woody note has a positive effect when the fruity note is also in the mixture but tends to show a negative effect otherwise.     

差分拉曼光谱结合SVM对便签纸的鉴别分析

基于差分拉曼光谱技术与支持向量机(SVM)模型,提出了一种对便签纸类检材的快速可视化鉴别方法。实验获取了40组不同品牌便签纸样本的差分拉曼光谱数据,利用BP神经网络和差分技术完成谱图的除噪与基线校正后,借助F检验与主成分分析提取谱段信息,构建出SVM分类模型。实验结果表明,当设置Linear为SVM模型的核函数时,可以实现对样本测试集的完全准确划分,K折交叉验证的结果理想。相比于传统聚类分析手段,本方法可以在原始高维光谱数据中筛选出有效特征矩阵,且SVM模型兼具高效性和准确性,为公安实践中纸张类物证的区分鉴别提供一种新思路。     

大学生化学课堂笔记行为特点的研究*

研究从笔记内容、笔记位置、笔记格式、笔记详细程度和笔记编码程度等5个方面描述大学生的化学课堂笔记行为,分析了大学生化学课堂笔记行为的特点,比较了不同学业水平大学生的化学课堂笔记行为差异,为改进大学生化学课堂笔记行为提出相应的教学建议。     

一个音乐检索系统的研究与实现

在分析音乐的旋律及其表达的基础上,结合现有技术,挑选合适的音频特征,提出并实现了基于旋律特征的音乐检索系统.该系统同时支持手工输入和哼唱输入2种查询方式,对于小规模数据库应用有较高的识别率和较强的实用性.     

气相色谱-质谱法结合智能调香辅助软件对未知香精定性及香味分析

本文采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)和"烟用香精成分剖析及计算机智能调香系统软件"相结合的方法,对成分未知的香精X-2进行成分剖析,然后进行香味香韵分析,最终确定了香精的主要成分和主体香韵组成,共鉴别出23种单体原料、3种浸膏,香精的主体香韵为坚果香韵、膏香韵、甜香韵和花香韵,与调香师的品香结果一致,为今后仿香和创香提供了理论依据。     

基于手机短信的无线温湿度监控系统设计

系统设计利用STC89C52单片机控制,基于GSM通信、手机短信方式,实现了对室内温湿度的远距离监测与控制;监测空间一旦温度或湿度超过阈值,系统会通过GSM模块发送短信到管理员手机显示温度、湿度数据,管理员可通过手机短信远程操控继电器工作,进而启动相关设备升温、降温、加湿、去湿等工作;通过实验测试,系统实现了对室内温度、湿度的远距离监测与控制;系统具有准确度高、体积小、性能稳定、灵活方便等优点,在智能家居、农作物管理、仓储等领域有广泛的应用。     

On the singularities of solutions to 4-D semilinear dispersive wave equations

In this note, we are concerned with the global singularity structures of weak solutions to 4 - D semilinear dispersive wave equations whose initial data are chosen to be singular at a single point, Combining Strichartz＇s inequality with the commutator argument techniques, we show that the weak solutions stay globally conormal if the Cauchy data are conormal     

Target-Guided Isolation of Progenitors of 1,1,6-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (TDN) from Riesling Wine by High-Performance Countercurrent Chromatography

High-performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) was used for the target-guided isolation of precursors of 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (TDN) from Riesling wine. In separated HPCCC fractions of an Amberlite^® XAD^®-2 extract obtained from a German Riesling, TDN-generating fractions were identified by the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the progenitors at pH 3.0 and subsequent HS-GC-MS/MS analysis. The presence of multiple TDN-generating precursors in Riesling wine could be confirmed. From polar HPCCC fractions (11–13 and 14–16), 3,4-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydro-β-ionone 3-O-rutinoside and 3,4-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydro-β-ionone 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside were isolated as major TDN-precursors at a sufficient amount for structure elucidation by NMR spectroscopic studies. In the medium polar HPCCC factions (27–35), enzymatic hydrolysis liberated the aglycones 3-hydroxy-β-ionone and 3-hydroxy-TDN in minor amounts. In further less polar TDN-generation fractions (36–44 and 45–50), glycosidic progenitors were absent; instead, a minor TDN formation most likely from non-conjugated constituents was observed.     

白光再现全息照相

简述了激光全息照相的原理,设计出全息照相的拍摄光路,探索出能成功拍出全息图的方法以及能实现白光再现的实验参数。总结出拍摄反射全息的条件,并能了解全息照相与普通照相的区别,以及全息照相的应用及开拓。