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1.
A.N Bekrenev 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2002,63(9):1627-1631
An unusually high mobility of atoms under intensive impulse reactions is explained by the behavior of point defects at the shock wave front. It is shown that either a shock wave front or moving dislocations can capture the interstitials, or they can be thermally activated in the direction of the shock wave propagation. 相似文献
2.
Nonmetal cation (NMC) pentaborate structures were synthesized using the amino acid molecules as cations precursors. Chemical composition analysis, infrared spectroscopy, mass analysis, boron nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA) methods were used for structural characterization. The hydrogen storage efficiency of molecules was also determined experimentally. The recorded infrared spectra support the structural similarities of the molecules. Stretchings of pentaborate rings and characteristic peaks of amino acids were detected in infrared spectra. When the thermal analysis curves were recorded, it was found that the structures showed similar decomposition steps. Due to the result of thermal decay, glassy boron oxide (B2O3) formation was observed as the final decomposition products of all molecules. Peaks associated with boric acid, triborate, and pentaborate were observed in the 11B spectra of these salts. Powder X-ray diffraction spectroscopy supports the presence of BO3 and BO4− groups regarding the presence of pentaborate rings. It also indicates the high crystallinity of the structures. The molecular cavities detected by brunauer–emmett–teller analysis were found to be 3.586, 1.922, 1.673, and 1.923 g/cm3. Low-molecular cavities can be attributed to the high hydrogen-bonding capacity of the structures. The hydrogen capture efficiency of the pentaborate salts was found to be in the range of 0.039-0. 相似文献
3.
近年来,石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)以其合适的带隙宽度、丰富的活性位点和成本低廉等优点,成为新兴的可见光响应非金属光催化剂,被广泛应用于光催化降解有机污染物领域。然而,纯g-C3N4对可见光的吸收效率较低且光生电子和空穴复合速率快,导致其光催化活性处于较低水平。基于g-C3N4的非金属特性,通过非金属掺杂可以有效提高g-C3N4的光催化性能,引起了学者们的广泛关注。本文介绍了目前非金属掺杂g-C3N4复合材料常见的制备方法,着重归纳了不同类型的非金属掺杂g-C3N4光催化降解水中有机污染物的相关研究进展,探讨其作为光催化剂在可见光条件下降解有机污染物的相关机理。最后,提出目前g-C3N4基复合材料在光催化降解水中有机污染物中所面临的挑战,旨在为非金属掺杂g-C3... 相似文献
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The aim of this paper is to present a kinetic formulation of a model for the coupling of transient free surface and pressurised flows. Firstly, we revisit the system of Saint-Venant equations for free surface flow: we state some properties of Saint-Venant equations, we propose a kinetic formulation and we verify that this kinetic formulation leads to a Gibbs equilibrium that minimises (in some general case) an energy and preserves the still water steady state. Secondly, we propose a model for pressurised flows in a Saint-Venant-like conservative formulation. We then propose a kinetic formulation and we verify that this kinetic formulation leads to a Gibbs equilibrium that minimises in any case an energy and preserves the still water steady state. Finally, we propose a dual model that couples these two types of flow. 相似文献
7.
近年来,随着激光应用技术的发展,各种中心强度为零的激光束被相继产生,并正在形成一个新颖的所谓空心光束(也称暗中空光束)的大家族。作为激光导管、光学镊子(光钳)和光学扳手,空心光束在微观粒子(如微米粒子、纳米粒子、自由电子、生物细胞和原子或分子等)的精确、无接触操纵和控制中有着广泛的应用。本文将首先给出空心光束的定义及其参数,并详细介绍各种空心光束产生的基本原理、方法及其实验结果。其次,就空心光束的分类及其应用场合进行了简单归纳与讨论。最后就空心光束在微观粒子(包括微米粒子、纳米粒子、生物细胞和自由电子等)的光学囚禁与操控中的应用进行简要综述,并就空心光束的产生与应用及其未来研究与应用前景进行了简短总结与展望。 相似文献
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Boundary value problems for Stokes and Navier-Stokes equations with non-standard boundary conditions are studied. Included is the case where the pressure or its normal derivative is given on some part of the boundary or the pressure is given up to a constant but given velocity flux. First, a variational formulation is introduced which is shown to be equivalent to the Stokes equations with the non-standard boundary conditions under consideration. The existence and uniqueness of the solution of the variational problem are studied. Secondly, most of the results obtained for the Stokes equations are extended to the case of the Navier-Stokes equations. The final section is devoted to numerical experiments, flows in pipes and physiological flows. 相似文献
10.
J. J. H. Brouwers 《Applied Scientific Research》1995,55(2):95-105
A theoretical analysis is presented of viscous incompressible laminar flow in a pipe which rotates around an axis held at small angle with respect to its symmetry-axis. Analogous to the results of Barua and Benton [1, 2], solutions in closed-form are given for circulatory flows in the cross-sectional plane of the pipe due to Coriolis forces in combination with Hagen-Poiseuille flow through the pipe. The solutions are used to derive analytical expressions for trajectories of solid or liquid particles entrained in the gas and being subject to centrifugation and the said secondary flows. It is shown that despite centrifugation, particles can be locked into circulatory trajectories thus remaining suspended in the gas flowing through the pipe. 相似文献