利用四段式测试题诊断高一学生化学键迷思概念

使用改编自迈阿密大学牛津分校Stacey Lowery Bretz的"化学键概念表征量表",并通过加设信心指数将其扩充为四段式测试题。利用本测试工具对浙江省2所普通高中共260名学生进行测试。结果显示,被试存在"高信心指数错解"和"低信心指数正解"的情况,并探查出7个典型的化学键迷思概念,其中4个为呈现出较高信心指数的真性迷思概念。信心指数在一定程度上弥补了二段式工具的缺陷。     

基于本体分类法的化学键迷思概念转变研究*

基于概念本体分类模型,以化学键相关内容为载体,详细阐述化学概念本体分类模型的内涵,以及在化学迷思概念转变中的应用。同时,从本体论的视角讨论本体分类法可作为化学概念教学的新的补充。     

高中生与化学热力学有关的迷思概念研究

通过问卷探查高中生学习化学热力学过程中易产生的迷思概念，并通过开放性试题和学生访谈，归纳出相关迷思概念具有普遍性、相关性、隐蔽性和经验性的特点，然后从化学热力学概念的抽象性、教材对热化学理论的回避、教师对学生认识过程的关注程度和学生知识储备4个方面分析了迷思概念产生的主要原因，最后得出结论。     

基于模型建构的论证教学在化学概念学习中的应用*——以“原电池”概念学习为例

基于呈现批判反思提炼(PCRR)模式,提出了假设呈现批判反思提炼(HPCRR)模式,并以“原电池”概念学习为例,进行教学设计与教学实施。研究对象为广东省佛山市某校高二年级2个平行班的92名学生,其中实验组和对照组均为46人。从概念理解和学生对该教学模式的态度等2个方面调查了实施效果。结果显示,教学干预后,实验组学生的概念理解明显优于对照组,表明该教学模式能有效促进学生的概念理解,实现概念转变。实验组学生对该教学模式的接受度较高,持积极态度。     

Using digital stories to reduce misconceptions and mistakes about fractions: an action study

The aim of this study is to determine the mistakes and misconceptions about fractions of the fourth-grade students in a primary school and to eliminate these mistakes and misconceptions through digital stories. The study has been conducted with a total of 25 students in the fourth-grade of a private primary school in Turkey. An action research method based on qualitative research approach has been used in the study. In the preparation of activities related to digital stories, the mistakes and misconceptions that students have regarding fractions are taken into account. As a data collection tool, the Determination of Misconceptions Form consisting of 30 open ended questions about the fractions prepared by the researchers and the observation notes taken during the implementation process have been used. In addition, semi-structured interviews have been conducted to identify views of teachers and students about activities designed with digital stories. The implementation has been carried out for 5 weeks. Qualitative data analysis techniques have been used in analysing the data. As a result of the research, it has emerged that teaching implementations designed with digital stories have eliminated the mistakes and misconceptions that a large majority of students have about fractions. Most of the students who had a limited perception about the concept of fraction before implementation have fully perceived the definition of fractions after the activities designed with digital stories. Likewise, most of the students who incorrectly modelled the operations with fractions before the implementation, have been able to use the correct model for the operations with fractions after the-implementation fractions. When opinions about the activities designed with digital stories have been examined, it has been found that most students’ express positive opinions on digital story use in lessons and found digital stories fun, instructive and constructive.     

Students’ misconceptions about random variables

This article describes some misconceptions about random variables and related counter-examples, and makes suggestions about teaching initial topics on random variables in general form instead of doing it separately for discrete and continuous cases. The focus is on post-calculus probability courses.     

概念转变理论的发展及面临的挑战

经过30年的发展,经典概念转变理论的内涵已发生了变化。通过对概念转变理论发展历程的分析,总结了概念转变研究的视角、研究的共识和研究的争议,指出当前概念转变研究面临3方面的挑战:寻找概念转变有效证据的研究方法;如何将成功的概念转变策略引入课堂教学实践;要进一步明确"概念转变"的含义。     

评估学生的已有知识 促进大学物理教学

学生在上大学前储备了一定的数理知识,称之为己有知识.学生的己有知识来源于课堂、课外的各种环节.对于一个将要学习的物理概念,学生在上大学前至少可能带有3种类型的已有知识.只有了解学生具有的己有知识,才能对学生的学习初始状态有一个合理的评估,进而拟定有的放矢的教学计划.这对于大学物理基础课教学是至关重要的.     

基于认知逻辑的“质量守恒定律”教学分析

以化学发展史中质量守恒定律的认知逻辑为视角,分析了学生学习质量守恒定律的认知障碍,并通过问卷测试进行了实证,提出了基于“问题解决”的教学设计建议,为有效课堂教学提供参考。     

基于四段式诊断工具测查高一学生“物质的量”迷思概念*

使用四段式测验对116名高一学生进行“物质的量”迷思概念测查,共诊断出10个典型的真性迷思概念。结果表明学生缺乏对物质的量及其相关概念的本质理解,尤其是在物质的量定义上。学生尽管在测试中表现出过度自信,但能清楚认识自身在概念理解上的不足。信心指数在判断迷思概念的性质与了解学生对概念的元认知方面具有重要作用。