A short note on the entrainment and exit boundary conditions

An attempt is made to find out the suitable entrainment and exit boundary conditions in laminar flow situations. Streamfunction vorticity formulation of the Navier–Stokes equations are solved by ADI method. Two‐dimensional laminar plane wall jet flow is used to test different forms of the boundary conditions. Results are compared with the experimental and similarity solution and the proper boundary condition is suggested. The Kind 1 boundary condition is recommended. It consists of zero first derivative condition for velocity variable and for streamfunction equation, mixed derivative at the entrainment and exit boundaries. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Efficient Collocation Schemes for Singular Boundary Value Problems

We discuss an error estimation procedure for the global error of collocation schemes applied to solve singular boundary value problems with a singularity of the first kind. This a posteriori estimate of the global error was proposed by Stetter in 1978 and is based on the idea of Defect Correction, originally due to Zadunaisky. Here, we present a new, carefully designed modification of this error estimate which not only results in less computational work but also appears to perform satisfactorily for singular problems. We give a full analytical justification for the asymptotical correctness of the error estimate when it is applied to a general nonlinear regular problem. For the singular case, we are presently only able to provide computational evidence for the full convergence order, the related analysis is still work in progress. This global estimate is the basis for a grid selection routine in which the grid is modified with the aim to equidistribute the global error. This procedure yields meshes suitable for an efficient numerical solution. Most importantly, we observe that the grid is refined in a way reflecting only the behavior of the solution and remains unaffected by the unsmooth direction field close to the singular point.     

The destabilizing effect of boundary slip on Bénard convection

We investigate the influence of slip boundary conditions on the onset of Bénard convection in an infinite fluid layer. It is shown that the critical Rayleigh number is a decreasing function of the slip length, and therefore boundary slip is seen to have a destabilizing effect. Chebyshev‐tau and compound matrix formulations for solving the eigenvalue problem are presented. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Banach空间二阶非线性微分方程的弱Carathéodory解

本文定义了二阶微分方程的弱 Carathéodory解 ,在不涉及紧型条件的情形下 ,直接用迭代法证明了 Banach空间二阶非线性常微分方程两点边值问题存在唯一解 ,并给出逼近解迭代序列的误差估计 ,对周期边值问题得到类似的结果     

Method of lines with boundary elements for 1‐D transient diffusion‐reaction problems

Time‐dependent differential equations can be solved using the concept of method of lines (MOL) together with the boundary element (BE) representation for the spatial linear part of the equation. The BE method alleviates the need for spatial discretization and casts the problem in an integral format. Hence errors associated with the numerical approximation of the spatial derivatives are totally eliminated. An element level local cubic approximation is used for the variable at each time step to facilitate the time marching and the nonlinear terms are represented in a semi‐implicit manner by a local linearization at each time step. The accuracy of the method has been illustrated on a number of test problems of engineering significance. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 2006     

Roles of SiH4 and SiF4 in growth and structural changes of poly-Si films

The structural properties of polycrystalline silicon films, prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system, with different flow rates of SiH₄/SiF₄ mixtures at 300 °C were investigated. This study indicates that the low hydrogen coverage on the growing surface, under optimum fluorine radicals, will be leaded to an improvement of crystallized area as compared with case of high hydrogen coverage surface. Moreover, the studies of the role of SiH₄ and SiF₄ radicals show that the SiH₄ radicals are important in the nucleation and growth of grains. However, SiF₄ radicals are effective in the structural change of grain boundaries regions and by this way, in the present system, establish the growth of grains under the dominant 〈1 1 0〉 direction. The stress investigation indicates that addition of high flow rate of SiF₄ in amorphous film, results in the nearly stress free films. Finally, we found that the changes in g-value reflect the changes in the intrinsic compressive and tensile stress in the both polycrystalline and amorphous silicon films.     

On the duration of the total eclipse of a satellite of a body

This paper solves the problem of the duration of the total eclipseof a satellite of a body, provided that (a) the body is sphericalin shape and the mass distribution inside the body is sphericallysymmetrical; (b) the satellite is a very small object; (c) thesatellite's orbit around a body is circular and the satellitecan pass through the centre of its shadow; (d) a source of lightis the source of the conical body's shadow (umbra) and it doesnot change its apparent position in the sky; (e) there are noperturbations on the satellite's orbit. The solution presentedrepresents the general discussion of the problem based on utilizationof some parts of the theory of contraction mappings.     

不完全信息群体决策专家权重的集结

本文对于属性权重信息和属性效用信息都不完全的群体多属性决策问题，通过构造属性值区间和运用系统聚类分析法，对群体决策中的专家进行分类，并确定每位专家的权重．     

非线性奇异边值问题的正解

利用锥映射的不动点指数定量，研究了一类非线性奇异边值问题多个正解的存在性问题。在构造的解的存在条件之下，证明了奇异边值问题至少有两个正解的存在性定理。