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排序方式: 共有91条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Xiaofang Wan Youming Li Xiaojun Wang Sili Chen Xiaoyang Gu 《European Polymer Journal》2007,43(8):3655-3661
Acrylamide grafted cationic guar gum (CGG-g-PAM), induced by ceric ammonium sulfate, was synthesized using aqueous polymerization technique at 10 °C and the flocculation property was studied with high-turbidity tobacco wastewater (NTU > 4500). Thus five grades of graft copolymers were obtained through alteration of initiator and monomer concentrations in order to understand the effect of molecular weight on flocculation. The grafted copolymer was characterized by FTIR and SEM. Study of DTG demonstrated that CGG-g-PAM had better heat-resistant performance than guar gum, cationic guar gum (CGG) and polyacrylamide. The dosage of polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and CGG-g-PAM, pH value and molecular weight were considered to be the factors that can influence flocculation efficiency. The result showed best flocculation efficiency occurs at pH 5 when the dosage of CGG-g-PAM and PAC are 3.6 ppm and 120 ppm, respectively. The percentage of turbidity and COD removal are 98% and 24% correspondingly, and its flocculating efficiency prevails over that of CGG and cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM). 相似文献
2.
Low-temperature synthesis of allyl dimethylamine by selective heating under microwave irradiation used for water treatment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Low-temperature synthesis of allyl dimethylamine (ADA) by selective heating under microwave irradiation (MI) used for water treatment is investigated. The effect of MI, ultrasound irradiation (UI) and conventional heating on yield of ADA, reaction time and the flocculation efficiency of polydiallyl dimethylammunion chloride (PDADMAC) prepared form ADA were studied. The results show that by selective heating at low temperature, MI not only increases yield of ADA and reduces reaction time, but also greatly enhances the flocculation efficiency of PDADMAC. 相似文献
3.
4.
A comb-structured polymeric flocculant was synthesized by the aqueous copolymerization of N-vinylformamide (NVF) with poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) quats (methyl chloride) macromonomer. The effects of temperature
and macromonomer concentration on the copolymerization kinetics were determined experimentally. The copolymerization reactivity
ratio was measured to be 3.82 and 6.39 for NVF and macromonomers with 50 and 100 repeating units when copolymerized with NVF.
The copolymer samples were also subjected to a flocculation performance test and were found to be more effective than linear
random cationic copolymers in terms of cationic content, flocculation rate, final turbidity levels, and floc strength.
Received: 11 June 2001 Accepted: 9 August 2001 相似文献
5.
Anuradha Mishra Malvika Bajpai Sunita Pal Monika Agrawal Sushant Pandey 《Colloid and polymer science》2006,285(2):161-168
The application of Tamarindus
indica seed mucilage (Tam), a food grade polysaccharide, and its acrylamide grafted copolymer as flocculants was assessed for the first time for removal of various types of dyes from model textile wastewater containing azo, basic, and reactive dyes. Acrylamide grafted T. indica mucilage (Tam-g-PAM) was obtained by ceric ion initiated polymerization technique. A series of contact time experiments were conducted to assess the system variables such as concentrations of mucilage and dyes and pH. These flocculants reduce the dye concentration by flocculation and settling. The grafted copolymer, Tam-g-PAM showed better results for dye removal. The optimal flocculant concentration, which was required to effect flocculation, was independent of dye concentration within the range examined. Both the flocculants performed better for removal of azo dyes than for reactive and basic dyes. 相似文献
6.
S. Schwarz H. -M. Buchhammer K. Lunkwitz H. -J. Jacobasch 《Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engineering aspects》1998,140(1-3):377-384
In order to describe the influence of cationic polyelectrolytes on flocculation of disperse systems the adsorption of poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) onto silica, mica and acidic polymer latex was investigated. The plateau value of the adsorption isotherms grows with increasing surface charge density of the substrates and electrolyte concentration. The adsorbed layer of the polycation was characterized by zeta potential measurements with KCl solutions of constant ionic strength and varied pH. The zero point of the charge as well as the shape of the zeta potential–pH plot depends on the coverage of the surface with polycations. For fully covered substrates the zero point of the charge as well as the pKA and pKB values calculated by a stochastic search programme are independent of the substrate. Maximum flocculation was observed at about 30% of the plateau value of the adsorption isotherms. 相似文献
7.
甲壳素-壳聚糖对皂土悬浮液的絮凝 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了三种摩尔质量大体相同而脱乙酰度分别为93%、78%和62%的甲壳素-壳聚糖在pH=3~6范围内对皂土悬浮液的絮凝性质, 并与非离子型絮凝剂聚丙烯酰胺作了比较, 证明含自由氨基的甲壳素-壳聚糖在酸性溶液中形成阳离子聚电解质后. 对带负电的皂土悬浮颗粒有很好的絮凝能力. 通过对上述三种聚合物的絮凝能力、在皂土颗粒表面的吸附量等测定, 认为絮凝中桥连机制起了主导作用, 但聚合物所带正电荷则有利于被皂土颗粒所吸附, 电中和还降低了颗粒间的静电排斥, 这都对桥连絮凝起了促进作用. 聚丙烯酰胺分子在水中不带电, 故当介质pH升高使皂土颗粒双电层变厚时, 絮凝能力迅速下降. 相似文献
8.
Electrophoretic mobility and contact angle measurements have been made on alatrofloxacin mesylate and its formulations which were protected from or exposed to light, and its degradation product compound (F). In aqueous solution, the light-protected alatrofloxacin mesylate had a zeta-potential of +19 mV, a negligible electron-acceptor (γi+) surface tension parameter and an electron-donor surface tension parameter γi−=32.5 mJ m−2, which was higher than that of water. This caused the particles to be very hydrophilic and to form very stable suspensions in aqueous solution due, mainly, to a net Lewis acid–base (polar) repulsion. After the suspensions were exposed to light, the zeta-potential of the degradation product increassed to +37.8 mV, but the electron-donor surface tension parameter decreased to γi−=8 mJ m−2, making the molecules or particles very hydrophobic and causing them to flocculate. The energies of attraction in the latter case were mainly hydrophobic (90%) with about 10% resulting from van der Waals forces. 相似文献
9.
The use of new food grade polysaccharides (mucilage) obtained from Hibiscus esculentus and Trigonella foenum graceum,commonly called Okra and Fenugreek,respectively,as flocculants was described.These polysaccharides were used for removal of solids (suspended solids (SS) and total dissolved solids (TDS)) and dyes from real textile effluents and aqueous solutions of different class of synthetic dyes.Influences of varying polysaccharide concentration,contact time and pH on removal of pollutant from the textile wastewater were investigated.Results showed that polysaccharides (mucilage) obtained from Okra and Fenugreek were capable of removing 90%-94% of SS,30%-44% of TDS and 30%-35% of dye using a very low concentration of polysaccharide.X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of solid waste material obtained before and after the treatment with polysaccharides were used as a supportive evidence to explain the mechanism of flocculation. 相似文献
10.