Adjusting a railway timetable in case of partial or complete blockades

Unexpected events, such as accidents or track damages, can have a significant impact on the railway system so that trains need to be canceled and delayed. In case of a disruption it is important that dispatchers quickly present a good solution in order to minimize the nuisance for the passengers. In this paper, we focus on adjusting the timetable of a passenger railway operator in case of major disruptions. Both a partial and a complete blockade of a railway line are considered. Given a disrupted infrastructure situation and a forecast of the characteristics of the disruption, our goal is to determine a disposition timetable, specifying which trains will still be operated during the disruption and determining the timetable of these trains. Without explicitly taking the rolling stock rescheduling problem into account, we develop our models such that the probability that feasible solutions to this problem exist, is high. The main objective is to maximize the service level offered to the passengers. We present integer programming formulations and test our models using instances from Netherlands Railways.     

Rescheduling with release dates to minimize makespan under a limit on the maximum sequence disruption

In this paper, we consider the rescheduling problem for jobs on a single machine with release dates to minimize makespan under a limit on the maximum sequence disruption. We show that the considered problem can be solved in polynomial time.     

等离子体流注入实验

本文叙述简单磁镜中,等离子体流注入的实验结果。被磁镜场捕获的等离子体驱动了m=1的交换不稳定性,等离子体发生破裂的临界β值约5％,导电壁的线结效应对交换模有稳定作用。     

基于小波变换的MHD信号的提取

混有干扰的Mirnov信号是一类非平稳,和Fourier变换的方法进行MHD信号的提取不能取得满意的效果,因而提出采用小波变换的方法对Mirnov信号进行处理。理论分析与实验结果表明,利用小波变换的时频分析特怀对Mirrnov信号进行滤波处理,可以有效地去除干扰,提取出有用的MHD信号。     

Effect of high voltage electrical discharges on filtration properties of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast suspensions

In the present work the dead-end filtration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast suspensions disrupted by high voltage electrical discharges (HVED treatment) was investigated. The efficiency of disruption was evaluated using conductivity disintegration index of suspension Z (Z = 0–1) and absorbance spectra of supernatant solutions. The electronic microscopy study, particle sizing and measuring of ζ-potential and turbidity were used to characterize variation of the colloidal properties of a yeast suspension during disruption. The HVED treatment was found to cause an effective disruption of yeast cells and extraction of intracellular proteins and other bio-products. The study of filtration revealed suspension filterability deterioration after disruption. It was shown that filtration behaviour of the HVED-processed suspensions was governed by cake formation, the filtrate volume decreased and the cake resistance increased with increase of Z. For high levels of disruption (Z > 0.99), filtration was governed by membrane fouling. The optimal dosage of polycationic flocculant promoted the formation of flocks and accelerated filtration. However, selected flocculant (poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)) provoked binding of bio-product and was inappropriate for using as an agent enhancing extraction from disrupted yeast cells.     

Rescheduling problems with deteriorating jobs under disruptions

In this paper, we consider two single-machine rescheduling problems with linear deteriorating jobs under disruption. By a deteriorating jobs, we mean that the actual processing time of the job is an increasing function of its starting time. The two problems correspond to two different increasing linear function. Rescheduling means a set of original jobs has already been scheduled to minimize some classical objective, then a new set of jobs arrives and creates a disruption. We consider the rescheduling problem to minimize the total completion time under a limit of the disruption from the original scheduling. For each problem, we consider two versions. For each version, the polynomial algorithms are proposed, respectively.     

Stabilization of tearing mode by current drive

The major disruption limits the operation of present tokamaks. Experimental evidences point out that the growth of tearing modes or the magnetic islands is primarily responsible for the occurrence. Taking the non-inductive current drive effects into account, a set of 3D nonlinear equation is derived. It is shown from simulation that the growth of the magnetic island is suppressed effectively by RF current drive. It is consistent with recent experiments on the HL-1 tokamak in which the plasma is stabilized by an RF current drive.     

电流驱动对磁岛的稳定化

大破裂限定了托卡马克的运行。实验指出，撕裂模或者说磁岛的发展是这种大破裂的主要原因。考虑到无感电流驱动效应，我们重新推导了电阻撕裂模的三维非线性方程组?数值计算表明，跟随磁岛旋转的ＲＦ波电流驱动有效地抑制磁岛的发展。     

大脉冲热负荷下HL-2A偏滤器靶板的热分析

HL－2A安装完成后,将以ASDEX最终的运行参数水平进行工程调试。本文研究了,在仅有欧姆加热和3.5MW中性束注入条件下,当HL－2A发生大不稳定性或巨ELMs爆发时,有水冷却和辐射冷却两种情况下不同板材料偏滤器板的温升和冷却时间。