On capture and acceleration of heavy ions (α-particle) in high-speed solar wind

The α-particles and other heavy ions, as well as a few protons are observed to be faster than the main part of protons by about the local Alfven speed in the high-speed solar wind. It is suggested that when the velocity of the solar wind is equal to the local Alfven velocity, another low-frequency kinetic Alfven wave will be excitated, and trap all the α-particles and a few protons, so these ions have a local Alfven velocity faster than the other parts of the solar wind. The undamping kinetic Alfven waves change into low-frequency Alfven solitons in the solar wind. This model can explain the observation and give the conditions of wave excitated and ions trapped.     

On capture and acceleration of heavy ions (a-particle) in high-speed solar wind

The α-particles and other heavy ions, as well es a few protons are observed to be faster than the main part of protons by about the local Alfven speed in the high-speed solar wind. It is suggested that when the velocity of the solar wind is equal to the local Alfven velocity, another Iow-frequency kinetic Alfvan wave will be excitated, and trap ail the α-particles and a few protons, so these ions have a local Alfven velocity faster than the other parts of the solar wind. The undamping kinetic Alfven waves change into Iow-frequency Alfven solitons in the solar wind. This model can explain the observation and give the conditions of wave excitated and ions trapped.