阿伏伽德罗常量测定的进展与千克的新定义

简述国际千克原器的历史和重新定义千克的必要性，介绍阿伏伽德罗常数的意义和新近测定的进展情况，并讨论了通过阿伏伽德罗常量重新定义千克的可能性，结论是：经基本物理常量建立质量的自然基准已为时不远了，但还有一段很艰难的路要走。     

镍氧化物纳米管可提高锂离子电池的电化学性能

澳大利亚伍伦贡大学（University of Wollongong）的几位研究者通过模板程序合成了单一取向、排列整齐的镍氧化物（NiO）纳米管束，并用于锂离子电池，从而提高了其电化学性能。     

Structural and Electrical Characteristics of Pb（Zr0.53,Ti0.47）O3 Thin Films Deposited on Si （100） Substrates

Pb(Zr0.53, Ti0.47)O3 (PZT) films were directly deposited on Si substrates without a buffer layer by pulsed laser deposition. Only(110)-oriented PZT peaks (other than Si substrate peaks) were observed from the XRD data. The electrical properties of the PZT/Si capacitor were characterized in terms of both the capacitance versus voltage (C-V) and current versus voltage (I-V) measurements. The clockwise trace of the C-V curve shows ferroelectric polarization switching, as is expected. From the I-V curves, the Schottky emission and spacecharge-limited-current behaviour are found to be the mainly leakage current mechanism in a certain electric field range in the negative and positive bias, respectively.     

一类非线性抛物方程的L∞估计

本文给出了一种统一的方法来得到一类非线性抛物方程的有界解的先验的L∞估计.这类方程的基本类型是其中v=v(x,t)是一个满足某些条件的非负可测权函数.由此可以去掉文[5]中的一个本质性的条件p≥2.     

原子光谱线增宽的原因

本文从理论上给出了原子光谱线增宽的几种原因 ,即 :①自然线宽 ,它是原子的内禀特性 (即在跃迁中所涉及到的能级的特性 ) ;②多普勒增宽 ,它是原子无规则热运动的结果 ;③碰撞增宽 ,它是原子间相互作用的结果。并对这几种原因分别给出了数量级上的估算。对原子光谱的测定具有参考意义。     

氟代吡啶阳离子的理论研究

利用量子化学密度泛函理论B3LYP方法及 6 31G(d ,p)、6 311G(d ,p)、6 31+G(d ,p)和 6 311+G(d ,p)基组对五氟代吡啶、2 ,6 二氟代吡啶和 2 氟代吡啶分子的阳离子进行了计算研究 .B3LYP构型优化和频率分析计算结果表明这三种氟代吡啶阳离子的结构分别具有C2v、C2v和Cs 对称性 ,电子基态分别为2 A2 、2 A2 和2 A″ .对离子和分子的计算构型做了比较 .利用B3LYP方法和不同的基组对这三种阳离子及其分子进行了自然布居分析计算 .用B3LYP方法对这三种阳离子 (自由基 )中的超精细结构进行了计算 ,对五氟代吡啶、2 ,6 二氟代吡啶和2 氟代吡啶分子的垂直电离势和绝热电离势进行了计算 ,与实验值符合得很好     

Viscosity Characteristic in Metallic Melts with Medium／Short-Range Order Structures

Viscosities and liquid structure of alloys Cu75Al25, Cu87Sn13 and Al-12.5%Si and pure metals Cu and Sn are investigated by using torsional oscillation viscometry and high temperature x-ray diffractometry. The viscosities of pure metals and eutectic alloy melts along with the short-range order structure are found to follow the Arrhenius law in a wide range of temperature above the liquidus. The breakpoints in Arrhenius plots emerge when the structures of alloy melts are transformed from the medium-range order structure to the short-range order structure. It has been found that the change of the viscosity of the metallic alloys is a characteristic of microstructure transformation in the related melts.     

THE COUPLING OF NATURAL BOUNDARY ELEMENT AND FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR 2D HYPERBOLIC EQUATIONS

In this paper, we investigate the coupling of natural boundary element and finite element methods of exterior initial boundary value problems for hyperbolic equations. The governing equation is first discretized in time, leading to a time-step scheme, where an exterior elliptic problem has to be solved in each time step. Second, a circular artificial boundary FR consisting of a circle of radius R is introduced, the original problem in an unbounded domain is transformed into the nonlocal boundary value problem in abounded subdomain. And the natural integral equation and the Poisson integral formula are obtained in the infinite domainΩ2 outside circle of radius R. The coupled variational formulation is given. Only the function itself, not its normal derivative at artificial boundary ΓR, appears in the variational equation, so that the unknown numbers are reducedand the boundary element stiffness matrix has a few different elements. Such a coupled method is superior to the one based on direct boundary element method. This paper discusses finite element discretization for variational problem and its corresponding numerical technique, and the convergence for the numerical solutions. Finally, the numerical example is presented to illustrate feasibility and efficiency of this method.     

推导向心加速度公式的不同方法

1 速度圆周法 众所周知,在匀速圆周运动中,轨道上各点的速度大小v是个不变量,只是速度的方向在改变,如图1所示,其中R是半径.     

物理学——自然的美学

 已经有不少人问过我:你为什么喜欢物理这一门学科,为什么把它作为自己将要为之奋斗一生的事业.我的回答很简单:因为它美,所以我喜欢它.不少人脸上露出茫然的神色:物理学美?它美在何处呢?我同一般学生一样,是从初二开始学习物理的.那时的我,对物理这一门学科没有更多的了解,所以也没在这方面显示出过多的兴趣.记得有一次学校举行物理竞赛,我并没将这件事放在心上,也没作任何准备,还是我们物理老师拉我去参加考试的,我无心于此,并且第一个交了卷,事后我竟意外地得知:得了全校第一名.此后,物理这门学科就引起了我专门的注意.当然,要说我真正喜欢上它,还是在高中时期.那时候,展开在我面前的物理世界更加广阔起来.