Liquid Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Implementation of Quantum Computation in Subspace

Based on the logical labelling method, we prepare an effective pure state in a subsystem of a three spin system via liquid nuclear magnetic resonance technique. Then with this subspace effective pure state we implement the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm. The tomography for the subspace effective pure state and the corresponding spectrum of the output for the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm agree with theoretical predictions, which shows that we have successfully implemented the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm in a subsystem of a nuclear spin system and demonstrated a subspace quantum computation.     

BIOLUMINESCENCE TOMOGRAPHY： BIOMEDICAL BACKGROUND,MATHEMATICAL THEORY,AND NUMERICAL APPROXIMATION

Over the last couple of years molecular imaging has been rapidly developed to study physiological and pathological processes in vivo at the cellular and molecular levels. Among molecular imaging modalities, optical imaging stands out for its unique advantages, especially performance and cost-effectiveness. Bioluminescence tomography （BLT） is an emerging optical imaging mode with promising biomedical advantages. In this survey paper, we explain the biomedical significance of BLT, summarize theoretical results on the analysis and numerical solution of a diffusion based BLT model, and comment on a few extensions for the study of BLT.     

核磁共振医学成象

 长期以来,核磁共振现象主要用于化学分析中.核磁共振(NMR)波谱分析在医学上可用药物分析和生化分析.1958年,开始有人用NMR原理进行活体血流量测定.1971年美国纽约州立大学教授R.Damdian提出NMR用于医学诊断的可能性及其意义,化学家P.C.Lauterbut于1972年进一步指出NMR信号完全可以重建图象.同年,X线电子计算机断层成像(或称电子计算机体层摄影)技术正式宣告问世,这使医学诊断发生了革命性的飞跃.电子计算机断层成像简称为CT.核磁共振医学成像也采用先进的CT技术,称为核磁共振计算机体层摄影(NMR-CT).但它与X-CT在获取信息的原理方面全然不同,在图像重建方面有所相似,只不过NMR-CT比X-CT要复杂得多.     

Study of sawtooth oscillations on the HT-7 tokamak using 2D tomography of soft x-ray signal

It is the first time so far as we know that two arrays of multi-channel soft x-ray detectors are used to generate twodimensional （2D） images of sawtooth oscillation on the HT-7 tokamak using the Fourier-Bessel harmonic reconstruction method, and using the singular value decomposition to analyse the data from soft x-ray cameras. By these two arrays, 2D image reconstruction of soft x-ray emissivity can be obtained without assumption of plasma rigid rotation. Tomographic reconstruction of the m=1 mode structure is obtained during the precursor oscillation of the sawtooth crash. The crescent-shaped mode structure appearing on the contour map of the soft x-ray emissivity is consistent with the quasiinterchange mode. The characteristics of the m=1/n=1 mode structure observed in the soft x-ray tomography are as follows： the magnetic surface is made up of the crescent-shaped “hot core” and the circular “cold bubble”. The structure of the magnetic surface rotates in the direction of the electron diamagnetic drift and the rotation frequency is the oscillation frequency of soft x-ray signals.     

黑白胶片光栅编码彩色摄影术

用空间光栅将彩色景物记录到一张黑白胶片上（这一过程称为将彩色景物编码，所得的黑白透明片称为编码片）并通过再现（称为解码）装置再现彩色景物的思想和技术可以追溯到１８９９年，已有近百年的历史，开始时，类似于电子学中用时间信号调制载波方法，用彩色图像来调制光栅，十多年后便出现第一个萧条时期，持续将近半个世纪，期间比较重要的成果是有三个光栅进行三次编码记录的方法，到本世纪六十年代，又兴旺了一段时间，其中最     

闪光X射线长幅摄影技术及初步应用

本文介绍了对特定条件下的闪光X射线摄影技术所作的改造及其在聚能装药等爆轰实验中拍摄2m幅长的X射线照片的应用情况。     

CT在腺瘤性结节性甲状腺肿和乳头状甲状腺癌鉴别诊断中的价值

目的探讨CT在腺瘤性结节性甲状腺肿（ANG）和乳头状甲状腺癌（PTC）鉴别诊断中的价值。方法搜集经病理证实的105例112枚ANG和181例196枚PTC的CT资料,对性别、年龄、瘤体的形态、甲状腺边缘中断征、钙化、强化程度、增强后边界、淋巴结转移进行分析,统计强化程度高于周围甲状腺对ANG的诊断和甲状腺边缘中断征对PTC的诊断敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、准确度。结果 ANG和PTC在瘤体形态、甲状腺边缘中断征、细钙化、粗钙化、强化程度、增强后瘤体边缘等方面均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）,而在是否多发、环状钙化方面均无统计学差异（均P＞0.05）。181例PTC中,淋巴结转移75例。强化程度高于周围甲状腺对ANG诊断的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、准确度分别为67.9%、100%、100%、87.6%。甲状腺边缘中断征对PTC诊断的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、准确度分别为87.0%、91.1%、93.6%、88.6%。结论瘤体形态规则、强化程度高于周围甲状腺有助于ANG的诊断,而瘤体形态不规则、甲状腺边缘中断征、细钙化、粗钙化、淋巴结转移等有助于PTC的诊断;是否多发和环状钙化对ANG和PTC的鉴别诊断无意义。     

XGS—12型相机的光学装校

本文根据XGS—12型高速摄影机的工作实践,介绍了该相机主要部件的装调过程,总结了棱镜补偿式高速摄影机的装配调整工艺。     

Application of Soft X-ray Tomography on HL-2A Tokamak

Soft X-ray emission from tokamak plasma is dependent on various plasma parameters, such as density and temperature, and one can thus infer information about them by observing this radiation. For multi-channel diagnostics, computed tomography is necessary to reconstruct the 2-D spatial distribution of the emission intensity g（r,θ） in a plasma. Therefore, soft X-ray tomography has become an important tool to study various phenomena in fusion plasma, such as sawtoothing, m = 1 precursor oscillation, snake, m ≥ 2 instabilities, and disruption, as well as plasma position, impurity radiation, etc.     

单发肺炎实变型肺MALT淋巴瘤的多排螺旋CT诊断及鉴别

目的分析单发肺炎实变型肺黏膜相关淋巴组织（MALT）淋巴瘤的多排螺旋CT（MSCT）表现，以提高其诊断及鉴别诊断水平。方法回顾性分析11例患者经手术病理证实的单发肺炎实变型肺MALT淋巴瘤的MSCT和临床资料。结果11例患者中右肺中叶5例，下叶2例，左肺上叶1例，下叶3例；大叶性实变7例，节段性实变3例，非节段性实变1例；2例病灶边缘模糊，类似于炎症，6例边缘模糊程度介于炎症与肺癌之间，3例边缘相对清楚；同邻近胸大肌密度相比较，9例病灶呈略低密度，2例与胸大肌密度接近，CT值39.6～53.3 Hu，平均42.5 Hu；11例病灶内部均未见明显坏死、囊变，9例病灶内见形态及走行相对正常的“空气支气管征”，其中3例内部同时伴有小囊腔；7例CT增强检查，均呈轻～中度较均匀强化，CT值50.5～85.7 Hu，平均66.1 Hu；5例病灶内见“血管漂浮征”；11例病灶均未见明显胸腔积液，2例病灶邻近胸膜增厚，2例伴有纵隔内淋巴结肿大。结论单发肺炎实变型肺MALT淋巴瘤CT上往往表现为肿瘤样的实变、炎症样模糊边缘，多轻、中度较均匀强化，内部常有固有结构的残留，部分可见“空气支气管征”及“血管漂浮征”。MSCT对该肿瘤的的诊断及鉴别具有一定价值。