Polynomial Reproduction in Subdivision

We study conditions on the matrix mask of a vector subdivision scheme ensuring that certain polynomial input vectors yield polynomial output again. The conditions are in terms of a recurrence formula for the vectors which determine the structure of polynomial input with this property. From this recurrence, we obtain an algorithm to determine polynomial input of maximal degree. The algorithm can be used in the design of masks to achieve a high order of polynomial reproduction.     

Effects of tributyltin(IV) chloride on the gametes and fertilization of Ascidia malaca (Ascidiacea: Tunicata)

Ascidia malaca gametes before fertilization incubated in 10^?5 or 10^?7 M solutions of tributyltin(IV) chloride, TBTCl, for 3 h appear highly damaged under transmission electron microscopy observation. Also, the fertilization process is affected by the compound: the damaged spermatozoa are present in the vitelline coat and the egg does not cleave. An increase of microbodies, structurally similar to peroxisomes, have been detected in the egg peripheral cytoplasm, probably in relation to their role in alleviating damage to some cellular components. The results have shown that the reproduction of ascidians under unfavourable environmental conditions is prevented. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

两大部类持续扩大再生产的优化

基于经典的马克思两大部类社会再生产公式,建立了离散确定型的持续扩大再生产的优化问题的动态规划模型.在生产资料部类的不变资本产出率高于另一部类的条件下,动态规划的指标函数是作为决策变量的生产资料部类积累率的单调函数,因而可以使用逆序解法或者顺序解法,获得唯一的最优策略和最优指标函数.借助《资本论》中的一个举例,计算验证了最优解.     

圆柱腔低频声场的球谐函数分解及声场再现

针对圆柱腔低频声场的球谐函数分解,提出了基于移动式球形传声器阵列(简称球阵)测量的空间域直接求解法。利用空间域测量数据,在压缩感知(Compressive Sensing,CS)理论框架下通过一次线性方程组求解,获得整体坐标系下的声场展开系数。首先讨论了感知矩阵的列相关性,比较不同球阵形式及球面采样点数目,不同球谐函数截断阶数以及空间测量位置等的影响。随后在飞机舱室模型内利用文中提出的方法求解声场展开系数,再现腔内水平面的声压分布,并与传统球坐标变换方法做比较。实验结果表明,利用空间域直接求解法,通过球面随机挑选10个采样点的刚性球阵在声腔3个位置进行声场测量,不仅能够有效求解声场展开系数,而且声场再现精度更高,同时计算效率也显著提高。     

喷墨打印系统多光谱特征化正向模型的建立

随着光谱技术的发展,打印系统的光谱特征化模型成为研究热点。基于光谱匹配的特征化模型通过直接预测设备基色的光谱反射比数据,可以有效的减少同色异谱现象的发生,为实现高保真印刷提供条件。主要基于Yule-Nielsen修正的Neugebauer光谱模型,开展了关于12色打印系统光谱特征化模型如何提高模型精度的研究。首先通过对颜色测量仪器及测量条件、喷墨打印机打印系统进行稳定性及精确度验证,为后续样本设计和测量提供可行性依据。然后,建立该研究设备适用的正向YNSN模型。依据CIELAB颜色空间中明度值L*均匀分布的原则,设计并输出了1 331个测试样本,抽取部分样本做训练样本,对所建立的光谱的特征化正向模型进行验证。结果表明,基于光谱的特征化模型预测精度较高,具有明显的优势。经验证,通过引入Yule-Nielsen修正参数n值,可进一步改善光谱预测精度。     

The classification for dynamics of an STD model

In this paper, a 3(n+1) dimensional sexually transmitted disease model is studied. The model involves two competing strains 1 and 2, where females are divided into n different groups based on their susceptibility to two distinct pathogenic strains. The first and second reproduction numbers , which have their biological meaning, are defined for strain , respectively. With the non-degeneracy assumption (H), a complete classification for dynamics of this model in terms of is presented, which is based on the theory of type-K monotone dynamical systems.     

A Color Appearance Model Applicable in Mesopic Vision

We propose a color vision model that can be used to predict color appearance in mesopic vision as well as photopic and scotopic vision. It is based on a two-stage model which consists of the cone and opponent stages and it assumes rod intrusion at the opponent stage. The model has the following features to describe the color appearance in mesopic vision. First, it includes a gradual and nonlinear shift in spectral luminous efficiency from V (LD) to V (LD) to cope with the spectral sensitivity difference between photopic and scotopic vision and the nonlinearity of rod influence on the luminance channel. Second, the model assumes decrease of the chromatic component with decreasing illuminance to explain the reduction of saturation at low illuminance levels. Third, it assumes that red/green and yellow/blue components change with illuminance levels independently, thus explaining hue shifts with decreasing illuminance. We applied the model for color appearance simulation of natural scenes in a mesopic visual environment.     

Dynamical analysis of age-structured pertussis model with covert infection

An age-structured pertussis model with covert infection is proposed to understand the effect of covert infection on the recurrence of pertussis. It is found that vaccination only for young children does not have a decisive effect on whooping cough control. It is shown that although the vaccine coverage rate is relatively high, the model has a backward bifurcation for a larger covert infection rate. In addition, sufficient conditions for the disease-free steady state to be globally asymptotically stable are obtained.     

A constructive approach to nodal splines

In the context of local spline interpolation methods, nodal splines have been introduced as possible fundamental functions by de Villiers and Rohwer in 1988. The corresponding local spline interpolation operator possesses the desirable property of reproducing a large class of polynomials. However, it was remarked that their definition is rather intricate so that it seems desirable to reveal the actual origin of these splines. The real source can be found in the Martensenoperator which can be obtained by two-point Hermite spline interpolation problem posed and proved by Martensen [Darstellung und Entwicklung des Restgliedes der Gregoryschen Quadraturformel mit Hilfe von Spline-Funktionen, Numer. Math. 21(1973)70–80]. On the one hand, we will show how to represent the Hermite Martensen spline recursively and, on the other hand, explicitly in terms of the B-spline by using the famous Marsden identity. Having introduced the Martensenoperator, we will show that the nodal spline interpolation operator can be obtained by a special discretization of the occurring derivatives. We will consider symmetric nodal splines of odd degree that can be obtained by our methods in a natural way.     

Colorimetric Calibration of Video Cameras Using Two Color Constancy Models

Colorimetric calibration of color imaging devices is important to realize device independent color reproductions. However the calibration for digital or video cameras is difficult because a color image is acquired for unknown objects under various unknown illuminants. An experiment was carried out based on two computational color constancy models, the finite-dimensional linear model and the spectral sharpening model, to estimate colorimetric values using image data of a color chart captured by video camera. We estimated the colorimetric values by using a single reference reflectance with known spectral reflectance in a color chart under an unknown illuminant. The accuracy was evaluated by color differences in CIELAB color space and was compared on three different color charts under three different illuminants including a fluorescent lamp. It was confirmed that the two computational models do not require prior knowledge of illuminants and surfaces. The finite-dimensional linear model gave more accurate results than the spectral sharpening model in the simulations and experiments.