农业供应链金融能有效缓解企业的融资约束？——涉农企业参与精准扶贫的实证研究

农业供应链金融为涉农企业融资难问题提供了新思路。本文以上市涉农上市企业2016~2018年的财务数据为样本,探讨了农业供应链金融对缓解企业融资约束的影响,以及涉农企业参与精准扶贫对缓解融资约束的调节作用。研究发现:涉农企业普遍面临融资约束问题,而农业供应链金融显著缓解了涉农企业的融资约束,且对参与精准扶贫企业的融资约束缓解更为显著。本文揭示了:农业供应链金融能有效缓解涉农企业的融资约束问题,再次证明了农业供应链金融缓解涉农企业融资约束的重要性和必要性,拓展了供应链金融研究的领域,同时对企业参与精准扶贫,响应新时期涉农企业社会责任的具体要求,形成政府、企业等共同承担社会责任的多元化减贫治理机制,助力乡村振兴提供相应借鉴。     

社会分配的和谐结构

实现和谐社会需要一个与之相适应的社会分配结构.借助基尼系数描述了一种和谐的社会分配结构.通过观察和分析我国近年的经济数据可以发现,为实现和谐的分配状态,我们必须应对许多严峻挑战:城乡差别依旧过大;接近占总人口20%的最贫困人群几乎没有财富积累;过大的地下经济扭曲并影响了社会的公平分配.进行社会分配必须兼顾均衡与效率.要实现和谐的分配状态,可以有许多考虑和选择.建议采取法律、法规、科技、政策和行政的各种手段,要坚决消灭近20%最贫困人群的入不敷出的情形;要全力打造中等收入阶层;要加大取缔黑色收入规范灰色收入的力度;要加快城镇化建设的步伐;要积极营建促进全民创业的环境.     

机翼/外挂颤振主动抑制的控制律研究

本文介绍了对机翼/外挂系统的颤振抑制控制律的研究。并用三种控制律的结果进行了风洞实验验证。结果表明:控制律的设计是成功的,理论计算与实验结果吻合良好。 文中重点介绍了两种控制律,它们都是以现代控制理论为基础。首先,把最优控制理论与颤振分析的状态空间法相结合,得到状态反馈。然后导出不同的输出反馈。文中,还讨论了该系统的阵风减缓和稳定裕度。 为对比起见,还给出了在同一模型上,用气动能量概念方法导出的控制律。由此,可看出它们在颤振抑制效益上的差异。     

跨声速机翼阵风减缓研究

阵风响应分析是大型民用飞机设计必不可少的工作. 利用操纵面的主动偏转实现机翼阵风减缓是未来民用飞行器的一个关键技术. 基于CFD/CSD耦合的气动弹性仿真方法,将阵风视为输入,翼根弯矩作为输出,通过系统辨识方法建立跨音速阵风响应的状态空间分析模型. 而后将副翼作动位移视为系统输入,建立副翼作动对应的机翼响应分析模型. 耦合上述2个模型,通过最优控制方法设计副翼偏转的控制律,实现跨音速机翼的阵风响应减缓. 通过设计状态观测器得到最优控制反馈所需的状态量. 通过数值算例验证了所设计的阵风减缓控制律的有效性,能将翼根弯矩减少60%～80%.      

基于重复博弈的地方政府精准扶贫合作机制研究

精准扶贫是习近平总书记为彻底解决贫困问题而提出一项战略要求。精准扶贫是一项复杂性较高、涉及范畴较广的系统工作,其工作的展开需要由地方政府共同协作完成。地方政府合作周期长短对精准扶贫有着巨大的影响,基于博弈论的基本思想方法,针对地方政府精准扶贫合作机制进行研究。首先,针对精准扶贫过程中完全信息静态博弈的情况,构建地方政府合作与非合作的无限次重复博弈模型,并分析双方政府均采取冷酷战略时,彼此合作的临界贴现因子;然后,针对精准扶贫过程中地方政府合作周期长短对精准扶贫成效的问题,探讨了有限重复博弈模型的临界贴现因子与地方政府合作周期的关系。分析表明：在精准扶贫过程中,双方政府合作周期越长,临界贴现因子越小,精准扶贫合作的稳定性越强。最后,针对精准扶贫过程中地方政府合作周期和合作机制等提出对策和建议。     

Phytochemistry,Medicinal Properties,Bioactive Compounds,and Therapeutic Potential of the Genus Eremophila (Scrophulariaceae)

The genus Eremophila (family Scrophulariaceae) consists of approximately 200 species that are widely distributed in the semi-arid and arid regions of Australia. Multiple Eremophila spp. are used as traditional medicines by the First Australians in the areas in which they grow. They are used for their antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and cardiac properties. Many species of this genus are beneficial against several diseases and ailments. The antibacterial properties of the genus have been relatively well studied, with several important compounds identified and their mechanisms studied. In particular, Eremophila spp. are rich in terpenoids, and the antimicrobial bioactivities of many of these compounds have already been confirmed. The therapeutic properties of Eremophila spp. preparations and purified compounds have received substantially less attention, and much study is required to validate the traditional uses and to highlight species that warrant further investigation as drug leads. The aim of this study is to review and summarise the research into the medicinal properties, therapeutic mechanisms, and phytochemistry of Eremophila spp., with the aim of focussing future studies into the therapeutic potential of this important genus.     

Means and their applications

General considerations about means and expectations are preceded by a short historical overview. The existing approaches to the definition of means are classified into three groups: approximational, functional, and axiomatic. In some particular cases all of them are equivalent. The problem of meaningfulness of means is discussed for ordinal data and for some important cases of metric data. A survey of the main areas of applications: decision theory, group decision, insurance, economical equity and inequality is also provided. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

基于Alkire-Foster模型的多维贫困测度影响因素敏感性研究——基于粤北山区农村家庭的调查数据

贫困测度是贫困研究的基础.论文以Alkire-Foster多维贫困测度模型为基础,构建多维贫困影响因素敏感性分析模型,并运用该模型对粤北山区农村家庭进行实证分析,发现:在厨房燃料和教育两个维度贫困发生率高;贫困发生率对教育和居住条件两个指标贫困线的变化较为敏感;权重的改变对测度结果的影响比较大,特别是当被剥夺的临界值k较小时,多维贫困发生率对权重变化更为敏感.     

Applications of control theory to economic analysis: J.D. Pitchford and S.J. Turnovsky,Editors, Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1977, 364 pages,Dfl. 155.00

A.K. Sen's index, P, is the only measure of poverty in a population that adequately allows for numbers in poverty, intensity of average poverty, and income distribution among the poor, while respecting two natural axioms. Nevertheless, the derivatives of P possess at least four attributes, at best highly counter-intuitive, at worst inconsistent with diminishing-marginal-utility assumptions, underlying the axioms themselves. Due to problems in handling income distribution among the poor, no measure of aggregate poverty can be constructed. Instead, it is proposed to construct a simple measure of those in ultra-poverty - among whom income cannot be very unequal - plus a pair of measures of moderate poverty.     

Population replications and ethical poverty measurement

In this paper, a class of relative and a class of absolute ethical measures of poverty depending on the head-court ratio and the aggregate income gap of the poor are characterized. Among other requirements, an axiom for poverty comparisons of distributions of different dimensions is used. Furthermore, it is shown that the above-mentioned axiom for population change cannot be used to characterize a specific class of absolute ethical poverty indices depending on the absolute number of poor instead of the head-count ratio.