Quantitative Relationships of Structure-Activity and Volume Fraction For Selected Nonpolar and Polar Narcotic Chemicals

Abstract

The relative toxicity of selected industrial organic chemicals was secured from the literature for the static 48-h Tetrahymena pyriformis 50% population growth impairment and the flow-through 96-h Pimephales promelas 50% mortality endpoints. Chemicals were selected to represent the nonpolar narcosis (aliphatic alcohols and aliphatic ketones) and polar narcosis (anilines and phenols) mechanisms of toxic action. molar volume (MV) and 1-octanol/water partition coefficient (log K _ow) data were generated for each chemical. High-quality, log K _ow dependent quantitative structure-activity relationships were observed for each chemical class and mechanism of action for both endpoints. The volume fraction (V _t) for each chemical in the target phase was determined from the toxicant concentration in the water (toxicity data), the MV, and the target/water partition coefficient (K _tw) with K _tw considered equal to K _ow ^(1-a). Analyses of target sites, by way of “a” revealed that “a” was constant for a mechanism of action regardless of chemical class, but distinct for a given test system. Mean V _t was constant for each mechanism of action regardless of chemical class or test system. These results suggest, at least for reversible physical mechanisms, that volume fraction analyses are significant in determining the mechanism of toxic action of a chemical.     

取代芳香族化合物生物活性的拓扑学

定义并计算了取代芳香族化合物的价连接性指数^mH,研究了取代芳香族化合物结构与其对发光菌、大型蚤、呆鲦鱼生物活性参数的关系,由化合物对水生生物的急性毒性与^mH的线性回归方程得出的预测值与实验测定值之间能较好地吻合。     

Ecotoxicological modelling of cosmetics for aquatic organisms: A QSTR approach

In this study, externally validated quantitative structure–toxicity relationship (QSTR) models were developed for toxicity of cosmetic ingredients on three different ecotoxicologically relevant organisms, namely Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas following the OECD guidelines. The final models were developed by partial least squares (PLS) regression technique, which is more robust than multiple linear regression. The obtained model for P. subcapitata shows that molecular size and complexity have significant impacts on the toxicity of cosmetics. In case of P. promelas and D. magna, we found that the largest contribution to the toxicity was shown by hydrophobicity and van der Waals surface area, respectively. All models were validated using both internal and test compounds employing multiple strategies. For each QSTR model, applicability domain studies were also performed using the “Distance to Model in X-space” method. A comparison was made with the ECOSAR predictions in order to prove the good predictive performances of our developed models. Finally, individual models were applied to predict toxicity for an external set of 596 personal care products having no experimental data for at least one of the endpoints, and the compounds were ranked based on a decreasing order of toxicity using a scaling approach.     

取代芳烃的急性毒性与连接性指数(nL)的相关性

提出表征原子生物活性的特征值（Ei)，由Ei建构新的连接性指数（^nL),并用^0L、^1L与取代芳烃对日本长腿蛙蝌蚪、发光菌、呆鲦鱼的毒性数据进行关联，其二元相关系数分别为0．9660、0．9172、0．9691，明显优于文献方法。     

取代芳烃对发光菌、大型蚤、呆鲦鱼急性毒性的QSAR研究

发光菌;定量构效关系;取代芳烃对发光菌、大型蚤、呆鲦鱼急性毒性的QSAR研究