In vitro effects of methylmercury on ascidian (Styela plicata) immunocyte responses

This study shows that high methylmercury concentrations are cytotoxic for Styela plicata hemocytes, whereas sublethal concentrations affect immunocyte responses. Moreover, hemocytes exposed to the xenobiotic present a significantly enhanced phenoloxidase activity as revealed in the hemocyte lysate supernatant compared with the control. Although the cytotoxic activity of S. plicata hemocytes toward rabbit erythrocytes is a PO‐dependent cell‐target reaction due to quinone products, it was significantly decreased by suitable methylmercury concentrations in the medium. The same xenobiotic concentrations decreased the hemocyte phagocytic activity toward yeast. In both the responses cell‐target contacts could be affected by methylmercury, whereas the releasing capacity appeared to be unchanged, as indicated by hemocyte PO‐release in the medium. Finally, changes in hemocyte shape and spreading capacity were shown. On the basis of the present results, Styela plicata hemocyte responses could be an additional immunotoxicology test using a microplate method that reveals cell morphological changes and spreading capacity. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浙阿盾蝎与中国鲎血细胞的比较研究

应用显微镜或相差显微镜对浙阿盾蝎( Apozomus zhensis) (蛛形纲: 裂盾目)和中国鲎 ( Tachy-pleus tridentatus)(肢口纲)进行血细胞类型研究. 浙阿盾蝎有原血细胞、浆细胞、颗粒细胞和类绛色细胞4种类型血细胞. 并总结了节肢动物门螯肢动物亚门中两个主要类群的血细胞基本类型,其中肢口纲(鲎)的血细胞类型数目最少, 蛛形纲的裂盾目(浙阿盾蝎 )血细胞类型数目也较少.     

利用相差显微镜和流式细胞术分析褶纹冠蚌血细胞类型

利用相差显微镜对褶纹冠蚌的血细胞进行了观察,结果发现颗粒细胞和无颗粒细胞两大类。颗粒细胞还可以根据细胞和颗粒的大小分为大颗粒细胞和小颗粒细胞,无颗粒细胞也可以根据细胞的大小和细胞的核质比分为透明细胞和淋巴样细胞。另外,利用流式细胞仪进一步分析了褶纹冠蚌血细胞的类群。通过测试前向角散射光(FSC)和侧向角散射光(SSC)两个参数,分别代表细胞的大小和细胞的颗粒度,绘制双参数(SSC×FSC)点图和等高图,FSC和SSC单参数直方图,得出褶纹冠蚌血细胞可以分为两大群,即颗粒细胞(A)和无颗粒细胞(B)两种类型,其中颗粒细胞群可以划为两个亚群,即大颗粒细胞(A1)和小颗粒细胞(A2),无颗粒细胞群也可以划为两个亚群,即透明细胞(B2)和淋巴样细胞(B1)。在四种血细胞中,小颗粒细胞和透明细胞是主要的细胞类群,分别占血细胞总数的56.54%和35.90%,而大颗粒细胞和淋巴样细胞数量较少,分别为4.57%和2.99%。     

中华圆田螺血细胞的分类和吞噬活性

血细胞作为主要的免疫效应细胞在贝类的免疫和防御中有重要作用。本文通过相差显微镜和透射电子显微镜对中华圆田螺(Viviparus chinensis)血细胞的形态与类型以及血细胞对枯草芽孢杆菌的吞噬观察。结果发现壳高4～6 cm的田螺血细胞浓度为(2.17±0.38)×106个/mL。根据血细胞大