基于MCM-41硬模板的镍铁磁性纳米管的合成及其磁性研究

以Si-MCM-41为硬模板,利用介孔材料的吸附作用,将Fe3+和Ni 2+按一定比例定量吸附组装到介孔材料的孔壁上;然后通过程序升温在900℃条件下高温焙烧,并经氢氟酸处理,得到直径大约为3.0nm的中空铁氧体纳米管.分别利用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射仪分析了合成材料的结构、组成、形貌;采用振动样品磁强计测定了其磁性能.结果表明,合成的镍铁氧体纳米管具有良好的管状形貌,其结构与分子筛MCM-41的结构相似,并具有良好的磁学性能.这说明MCM-41分子筛孔道结构具有可复制性,本研究可望为制备具有适当长径比的一维纳米磁性材料打下良好基础.     

Synthesis and magnetic properties of NiFe2−xAlxO4 nanoparticles

Nanocrystalline Al-doped nickel ferrite powders have been synthesized by sol–gel auto-ignition method and the effect of non-magnetic aluminum content on the structural and magnetic properties has been studied. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that the powders obtained are single phase with inverse spinel structure. The calculated grain sizes from XRD data have been verified using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM photographs show that the powders consist of nanometer-sized grains. It was observed that the characteristic grain size decreases from 29 to 6 nm as the non-magnetic Al content increases, which was attributed to the influence of non-magnetic Al concentration on the grain size. Magnetic hysteresis loops were measured at room temperature with a maximum applied magnetic field of ≈1 T. As aluminum content increases, the measured magnetic hysteresis curves become more and more narrow and the saturation magnetization and remanent magnetization both decreased. The reduction of magnetization compared to bulk is a consequence of spin non-collinearity. Further reduction of magnetization with increase of aluminum content is caused by non-magnetic Al³⁺ ions and weakened interaction between sublattices. This, as well as the decrease in hysteresis was understood in terms of the decrease in particle size.     

Fe-Ni合金/Ni铁氧体复合纳米纤维的制备、表征与磁性能研究

采用静电纺丝结合氢气热还原法制备了一系列平均直径约为60～70 nm的Fe-Ni合金/Ni铁氧体复合纳米纤维. 使用热重-差热分析、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、选区电子衍射和振动样品磁强计等技术对前驱体纤维的热分解行为以及目标产物的晶体结构、相组成、形貌和磁性能进行了表征. 结果显示, Ni铁氧体纳米纤维的制备温度及其还原温度对相应还原产物的相组成和磁性能有着显著的影响; 所得Fe-Ni合金/Ni铁氧体复合纳米纤维由于Fe-Ni合金的引入表现出更为优良的磁性能, 且各磁性相间存在良好的交换耦合, 其整体磁行为如同一个单相磁性材料. 在复合纳米纤维磁性能上所观察的变化可根据Fe-Ni合金和Ni铁氧体内禀磁特性的不同以及晶粒尺寸、相组成和磁相互作用的变化来进行解释.     

钐掺杂镍铁氧体纳米粉体的制备和结构分析

用流变相-前驱物热分解反应法制备了钐掺杂镍铁氧体纳米粉体SmxNiFe2-xO4（x=0，0．33，0．67）。用TG（热重）、XRD（粉末X-射线衍射）和LPSA（激光粒度仪）对粉末样品的组成、结构、粒度分布和粒子的团聚进行了表征。结果表明SmxNiFe2-xO4的晶胞结构可用（Ni0.37Fe0.63）[Ni0.63SmxFe4.37-x]O4表示，属于立方晶系的球形粒子，平均粒径分别约为12．5，20．1，27．6nm，在水溶剂中团聚体的平均粒径分别约为153．7，257．9，348．4nm。另外，研究了钐取代铁对镍铁氧体的密度、晶胞参数和电阻率的影响，并从结构的角度进行了解释。