紫荆花红色素开发利用的研究

首次报道紫荆花红色素的提取纯化方法及红色素的理化性质，并与玫瑰茄红色素作对比研究，证实同属于花青甙类化合物，又经急性毒性试验证明其毒性极低，故紫荆花天然红色素具有开发利用的价值。     

川西獐牙菜正丁醇提取物的GC-MS成分分析

利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对川西獐牙菜的正丁醇提取物进行成分分离鉴定,并用峰面积归一法确定各组分的相对含量.实验中从川西獐牙菜正丁醇提取物非沥青质的3种馏分中共分离出122种化学成分,非极性馏分中以烷烃类为主,极性馏分中以饱和脂肪酸类为主.     

团状雪灵芝三种提取工艺的红外光谱跟踪分析

为了建立一种基于红外光谱跟踪分析的过程分析方法用于团状雪灵芝(AP)提取分离过程的宏观指导,从同一工艺不同提取物及不同工艺同一提取物两个方面,对三种提取工艺各四种提取物进行红外光谱跟踪测试,并对红外光谱及相应二阶导数谱进行了深入的对比分析研究。光谱分析结果显示,同一工艺的不同提取物具有明显不同的光谱吸收特征;不同工艺同一提取物的吸收特征总体相似,但彼此之间也存在明显的光谱差异。1 603和1 123cm-1的特征峰表明,提取法一中,黄酮类及其糖苷主要进入了酯提物,余者进入了醇提物。相反,方法二、三中,大部分黄酮类进入了醇提物,水提物中还存在微量黄酮苷。此外,根据2 850cm-1峰强可知,方法二酯提物中苷元及高级饱和烃基含量较高。类似的,1 066和2 927cm-1等特征吸收峰表明方法三的醇提物中糖苷及多糖含量较高。研究结果表明,AP组分在不同提取工艺中的迁移规律不尽相同,提取过程中的物质迁移信息可以通过各提取物红外光谱的跟踪分析进行记录和直观解析。红外光谱跟踪分析法是一种快速、有效、低碳、环保的过程分析方法,对于诸如AP等植物提取分离过程的质量控制或工艺优化具有宏观指导意义。     

中药化州橘红乙酸乙酯提取物中微量元素的分布及含量

以乙酸乙酯为溶剂萃取分离了中药化州橘红水煎液的有机成分；测定了提取物中元素的分布及含量，分析了不同微量元素在提取物中富集程度的差别。并由此说明了中药微量元素与中药所含的有机成分是有密切关系的。     

Preparation of a novel biodegradable film by co-fermentation of straw and shrimp shell with Aureobasidium pullulans and Photobacterium sp. LYM-1

The green and high-value recycling of shrimp shell and straw remains a worldwide problem. This study aimed to investigate the potential utilization of a fermentation broth (FB) which contains shrimp shell and straw as a new source for preparation of biodegradable films. Aureobasidium pullulans and Photobacterium sp. LYM-1 were used in the fermentation. The cellulase activity was 115.92 U/mL and chitinase activity was 17.89 U/mL in FB. The polysaccharides concentration in FB was 1.05 mg/mL after 7 days of fermentation. An eco-friendly PVA-reinforced FB biodegradable film (FBBF) was successfully prepared and the effect of different plasticizers and surfactants on the mechanical, structural, and impermeability properties of the film was determined. The formation of new bonds between PVA and FB was proved by FTIR spectroscopy. The FBBF containing 0.25 % (w/v) glycerol and 0.01 % (v/v) tween-20 showed better strength properties. Elongation and water-swelling properties were highly improved by adding 0.2 % (m/v) citric acid. According to FE-SEM images, the smooth and tight surface of citric acid added FBBF was observed. Interestingly, the FBBF film showed good heat/moisture capacity, antifungal, and degradation properties. This report reveals a new green, and high-value recycling of straw and shrimp shell by the co-fermentation with A. pullulans and Photobacterium sp. LYM-1. It is also a novel way for the preparation of biodegradable film.     

Concentrating the extract of traditional Chinese medicine by direct contact membrane distillation

This study applies direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) to concentrating the extract of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The trans-membrane flux under various operation conditions was measured in real-time during concentration process. By decoupling the factors affecting the trans-membrane flux decline, it was found that the observed flux decline throughout the process could be attributed to the membrane fouling, the reduction of water vapor pressure and the increase of transport resistance at feed side. Analysis of the combined factors was given to show in detail the mechanism of flux decline. Factors that may affect the flux level, such as feed velocity, feed temperature and pretreatment were experimentally examined. Gas bubbling or sparging was introduced into DCMD system for reducing membrane fouling, and it was found that both gas–liquid two-phase flow at the feed side and gas back-washing within membrane module are effective ways to control membrane fouling.     

大网格吸附剂提取头孢氨苄

本文研究了用大网格吸附剂提取头孢氨苄的方法，包括吸附剂和解吸剂的筛选，吸附条件和解吸条件的考察。确定了用H—103型树脂在pH5、流速1／10（V／V／min）条件下吸附；用50％丙酮在pH1．5、流速1／30（V／V／min）条件下解吸。吸附容量可达75mg／ml，是国内报道过的CAD—40的3倍，是国外报道过的DiaionHP－20的3．8倍，解吸率可达92％以上。     

X射线荧光光谱成型滤纸片法测定生油岩抽提物中的钒和镍

本文提出以成型滤纸片作为标样与试样的支撑材料，点滴法制备样片，用钒和镍的有机金属标准试剂配制标准样品，以透空照射法直接测定生油岩抽提物中的钒和镍，方法检出限较低，制样与测量精度好于５％。方法简单、快速和实用。     

热裂解气相色谱-质谱法测定葡萄干提取物的热裂解产物

50g葡萄干用70%乙醇溶液300mL在80℃回流提取3h,提取两次,过滤提取物,滤液减压浓缩至干。残渣用5200裂解仪在400℃,500℃,600℃,800℃下处理,在各裂解温度下得到的裂解产物导入仪器进行气相色谱-质谱分析。结果表明:主要裂解产物是糠醛、呋喃甲醇、5-甲基糠醛、5-羟甲基-2-呋喃甲醛、2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4H-吡喃酮,这些裂解产物是赋予卷烟具有独特香味和较好口感的重要物质。     

用清除超氧阴离子自由基法评价竹叶提取物抗氧化能力

通过对邻苯三酚反应体系的吸收光谱,对自氧化速率及邻苯三酚浓度和缓冲液pH值对反应体系产生的超氧阴离子自由基清除率的影响进行了研究.分光光度法测定邻苯三酚反应体系的检测波长为319.5眦,反应体系体积10 mL,反应时间为9 min,3 mmol·L-1邻苯三酚加入量为0.3 mL,Tris-HCl缓冲液pH值为8.2,自氧化速率为0.035;用上述方法研究合成抗氧化剂叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)和竹叶提取物样品浓度和清除率的关系,以IC50值(清除率为50%时的浓度值)作为评价指标,测得TBHQ和效果最好样品的IC50值分别为TBHQ(95.01 mg·L-1)和M40(298.69 mg·L-1),M40等竹叶提取物可以作为天然抗氧化剂进行开发.