东北银鲫抱子虫病的研究

南移的东北银鲫患有严重的粘孢子虫病。本文报道:1.此病的主要病原体是鲫碘泡虫(Myxobolus Carassii Klokaceva,1914)。该虫侵蚀鱼体头背部两侧肌肉而形成瘤状大胞囊,致使鱼体明显消瘦,生长受抑制;2.探索发病的机制和病理变化;3.流行病学。     

Production and extraction of astaxanthin from Phaffia rhodozyma and its biological effect on alcohol-induced renal hypoxia in Carassius auratus

The effect of astaxanthin (3,3′-dihydroxy-s-carotene-4,4′-dione) on alcohol-induced morphological changes in Carassius auratus, as an experimental model, was determined. The yeast Phaffia rhodozyma was used as a source of astaxanthin. The animals were divided into three groups for 30 days: one group was treated with ethanol at a dose of 1.5% mixed in water, the second one with EtOH 1.5% and food enriched with astaxanthin from P. rhodozyma, and the third was a control group. After a sufficient experimental period, the samples were processed using light microscopy and evaluated by histomorphological and histochemical staining, and the data were supported by immunohistochemical analysis, using a wide range of antibodies, such as calbindin, vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin. The results show that the alcoholic damage in the kidney led to hypoxia. In contrast, the group fed with astaxanthin from P. rhodozyma showed a normal morphological picture, with better glomeruli organisation and the presence of the area of filtration. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry has confirmed these results.     

繁殖季节日本白鲫(Carassius auratus cuvieri)性腺发育的研究

本文叙述了3～4月间日本白鲫性腺发育的基本情况,着重对各级生殖细胞形态及发育规律进行了观察和研究。发现:日本白鲫卵巢为Ⅳ期卵巢,精巢为Ⅴ期精巢。在同龄鱼中,性腺的成熟度与体重和体长没有明显联系。     

锌对鲫鱼免疫功能的影响研究

以鲫鱼为实验对象,探讨了饲料中锌质量分数对鱼类免疫功能的影响.通过对鱼体免疫组织生物发光,抗体的凝集效价,腹腔巨噬细胞(Macrophage,Mφ)吞噬活性等免疫指标进行研究,结果发现饲料中锌质量分数与鲫鱼的免疫机能密切相关,缺锌时鲫鱼生物发光值,抗体的凝集效价均为最低,Mφ吞噬活性最弱,但高锌同样也会抑制其免疫功能.说明饲料中锌的质量分数能影响鲫鱼的免疫功能,一般需要量为38～80 mg/kg饲料,不宜过高.     

An experimental investigation into electromyography, constitutive relationship and morphology of crucian carp for biomechanical digital fish

Currently, the integrated biomechanical studies on fish locomotion come into focus, so it is urgent to provide reliable and systematic experimental results, and to establish a biomechanical digital fish database for some typical fish species. Accordingly, based on the control framework of Neural ControlActive Contraction of MusclePassive Deformation, the electromyography (EMG) signals, the mechanical properties and the constitutive relationship of skin, muscle, and body trunk, as well as morphological param...     

银鲫（Carassius auratus gibelio）消化道粘膜上皮超微结构的研究

本文对银鲫消化道粘膜上皮超微结构及结构与功能之间的关系进行了初步探讨，食道后侧区粘膜上皮主要由柱状细胞和粘液细胞组成，细胞结构表明食道参与水和离子的吸收，小肠粘膜上皮主要由柱状细胞和杯状细胞组成，各段超微结构表明，小肠前部吸收细胞主要进行脂肪吸收，后部吸收细胞出现了典型的胞饮泡，以蛋白质吸收为主。     

肌电测量技术和鲫鱼C形起动过程中肌电信号测量初探

鱼在水中游动时,骨骼肌在中枢神经系统的控制下进行主动收缩,将力和位移传递给鳍和皮肤等执行器官,再通过执行器官与水进行力的相互作用和能量的交换后推动鱼体自身运动.为研究鱼在不同运动过程中肌肉活动的方式与强度,本文引进肌电图测量术(EMG).将表面绝缘的不锈钢探针植入鲫鱼的红肌内,肌电信号通过自主设计制作的肌电放大器放大,由计算机记录,用以表征鲫鱼在C形起动过程中转弯一侧的红肌活动的持续时间及强度.本文着重阐述了肌电测量技术,肌电实验的手术操作过程,并通过对肌电信号的测量结果进行定量分析,得到了鲫鱼C形起动过程中转弯侧红肌基本同时开始活动,其活动时间大致相同,以及躯体前端红肌活动最为剧烈的结论.     

普通鲫鱼的RAPD标记及其遗传多样性

采用了387个引物对普通鲫鱼进行了RAPD(random amplified polymorphic DNA)分析,筛选出了31个重复性好、可用于普通鲫鱼RAPD标记的引物．另用8个引物对普通鲫鱼(20尾)进行了遗传多样性分析：这8个引物共检出45个位点,其中多态性位点数24个,占总位点数的53．33％;据个体间共有带数和Nei′s遗传相似率计算公式,计算出普通鲫鱼平均遗传相似率为88．68％．上述两项指标的初步分析表明,普通鲫鱼具有较为丰富的遗传多样性．     

人工选育F5代萍乡肉红鲫RAPD遗传分析

萍乡肉红鲫是分布于江西萍乡的具有地方特色的品种,经过人工选育获得了较为稳定的遗传特征。用经过筛选的23个随机引物对25个人工选育F5代萍乡肉红鲫基因组DNA进行RAPD分子标记。结果显示扩增片段大小在250 bp至2 100 bp,共扩增的条带数为229,差异标记条带大多数为弱带,多态位     

淇河鲫生长激素(growth hormone)全长cDNA的克隆与序列分析

用RT-PCR法和3′、5′RACE(Rapid amplification of cDNAends)法从淇河鲫脑垂体RNA克隆出生长激素(Growth hormone,GH)cDNA.此cDNA全长1191 nt(含Poly(A)14 nt),其5′端非编码区长55 nt、阅读框(Open readingframe,OAF)长633 nt,3′端非编码区长503 nt.其推导的GH由210个氨基酸组成,其中氮端前22个氨基酸为信号肽部分.氨基酸序列比较表明:淇河鲫与同目的鲫鱼、鲤鱼、团头鲂和斑马鱼的同源性分别为98.6%,96.2%,91.5%和88.6%;与不同目鱼的胡子鲇和鳗鲡的同源性分别为74.6%和49.5%;与哺乳类的家鼠和人等的同源性低于40%.