The ultimate state of polymeric materials and laminated and fibrous composites under asymmetric high-cycle loading

The prediction of the high-cycle fatigue strength of polymeric and composite materials in asymmetric loading is considered. The problem is solved on the basis of a nonlinear model of ultimate state allowing us to describe all typical forms of the diagrams of ultimate stresses. The material constants of the model are determined from the results of fatigue tests in symmetric reversed cycling, in a single fatigue test with the minimum stress equal to zero, and in a short-term strength test. The fatigue strength characteristics of some polymers, glass-fiber laminates, glass-fiber-reinforced plastics, organic-fiber-reinforced plastics, and wood laminates in asymmetric tension-compression, bending, and torsion have been calculated and approved experimentally. __________ Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 87–102, January–February, 2008.     

Shear buckling modes of cylindrical sandwich shells under external pressure, tension-compression of bearing layers with unequal forces, and inhomogeneous across-the-thickness temperature

Equations are set up for describing, in a correct statement and with an accuracy sufficient in actual practice, the shear buckling modes (BMs) of cylindrical sandwich shells with a transversely soft core of arbitrary thickness. Based on them, solutions are obtained to a number of problems on the buckling instability according to shear modes under some force and thermal loadings. It is found that the BMs occur in the shell along the circumferential and axial directions if, in the precritical state, a normal compressive stress arises in the transverse direction. It is shown that this condition is fulfilled in the following cases: in axial tension of the shell with unequal forces applied to the end faces of bearing layers (the parameter of critical load is maximum if the tensile forces are equal); under external (internal) pressure; on cooling the outer and heating the inner layers. The results obtained are presented in the form of simple analytical formulas for determining the corresponding critical parameters of the force and thermal actions.Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 37–48, January–February, 2005.     

Exact analytic solutions to the problem on plane buckling modes of rectangular orthotropic plates with free edges under biaxial loading

A two-dimensional linearized problem on plane buckling modes (BMs) of a rectangular plate with free edges, made of an elastic orthotropic material, underbiaxial tension-compression is considered. With the use of double trigonometric basis functions, displacement functions exactly satisfying all static boundary condition on plate edges are constructed. It is shown that the exact analytic solutions found describe only the pure shear BMs, and if the normal stress in one direction is assumed equal to zero, an analog of the solution given by the kinematic Timoshenko model can be obtained. Upon performing the limit passage to the zero harmonic in the displacement functions of one of the directions, the solution to the problem of biaxial compression can be obtained by equating the Poisson ratio to zero; in the case of uniaxial compression, this solution exactly agrees with that following from the classical Bernoulli-Euler model. __________ Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 149–170, March–April, 2007.     

拉压性能不同材料厚壁圆筒和厚壁球壳的极限压力分析

本文用广义双剪应力强度理论对拉压性能不同的材料制成的厚壁圆筒和厚壁球壳进行了弹塑性应力分析，得出与拉压比有关的弹性极限内压力、塑性极限内压力、弹塑性区的应力以及弹塑性内压力与弹塑性半径之间的关系式．     

复杂应力构件弹性失效疲劳失效新判据——动态静态八面体应力强度理论

本文,在研究现代和经典强度理论的基础之上,提出了一个在复杂应力下弹性失效与疲劳失效的总准则,即动态静态八面体应力强度理论,同时建立了并分析了一个独立的比较完整的理论体系,给出了36种材料广义失效系数,和一点复杂应力的11个状态的计算理论,导出了广义允许强度算子方程.给出了总准则能应用到静态、动态的计算方法,通过8个工程实例的计算,表明该方法有很高的精度,因而笔者建议广泛地应用到工程.     

Stress-strain state and durability of mechanically inhomogeneous welds under low-cycle loading

Relations are proposed for the determination of the stress-strain state, strength, and life of butt welds with mild and hard interlayers under cyclic elastoplastic tension-compression. The accumulation of cyclic and quasistatic damages is determined with allowance for the redistribution of the cyclic elastoplastic strains and hardness of the stress state due to changes in the cyclic properties of separate regions of welds. The theoretical distribution of cyclic strains and the durability of welds under cyclic elastoplastic loading are supported by experimental data __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 29–38, February 2008.     

考虑材料拉压异性的固支圆板塑性极统一解

本文采用最新的统一强度理论求出了固支圆板的塑性极限荷载,内力场及速度的统一解;得出了强度理论参数b及材料的不同拉压比α对塑性极限的影响曲线,所给出的解可以灵活地适用于各种不同特性的材料及机械、土木、航空等工程的相关结构中,文献中已有的Tresca解,Mises解和双剪统一屈服准则解均为本文的特例,本文的统一解还给出了一系列新的结果,统一解大于Tresca,Mohr-Coulomb的单剪理论解,它可以更好地发挥材料的强度潜力,工程应用可以取得明显的经济效益。     

考虑运动硬化的DD3镍基合金力学行为研究

详细介绍了镍基合金的晶体塑性本构模型,在Asaro大变形晶体塑性框架下,详细介绍了镍基合金的晶体塑性本构模型,在Asaro大变形晶体塑性框架下,引入了运动硬化规律,考虑了温度和应变率对晶体塑性变形的影响,通过针对每个滑移系考虑屈服准则和流动规律建立了晶体塑性模型. 对积分过程进行了推导,通过编写ABAQUS材料用户子程序(UMAT), 实现本构模型的有限元积分算法. 在此基础上模拟了DD3镍基单晶合金在单轴拉伸和循环载荷下的响应,并与实验数据进行了对比. 利用该模型可以很好地模拟镍基单晶所具有的各向异性特性,体现了镍基单晶在循环载荷作用下的拉-压不对称性.      

不同模量横力弯曲梁的解析解

选择处于平面复杂应力状态下横力弯曲梁,对结构进行了中性层的判定,推导出中性轴、正应力、剪应力、位移的计算公式,得到如下结论:对于复杂应力状态下的不同模量弹性弯曲梁,其中性轴位置与剪应力无关,因此用正应力作为判据而得到解析解,改进了以往用主应力判定中性点的多次循环的计算方法．把解析解的结果与经典力学同模量理论,以及有限元数值解进行了比较,结果表明:解析解很好地考虑了拉压不同模量的效应．还提出了对不同模量结构的计算修正以及对结构优化的思想．     

Stability region of a close-packed layer of atoms

A rhombic four-atom unit cell corresponding to a close-packed atomic layer is considered, The interatomic forces in the cell are defined by the Morse and Lennard-Jones potentials for large strains. The stability region of the cell is constructed as a function of two parameters that model tension-compression along the major diagonal of the cell and shear. For each point in the stability region, equilibrium states of the cell are determined numerically; at least one of these states is stable. It is shown that for the close-packed atomic layer under combined compression-shear loading, Poisson’s ratio needs to be taken into account. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 161–172, January–February, 2007.