Bifurcation analysis of visual angle model with anticipated time and stabilizing driving behavior

In the light of the visual angle model (VAM), an improved car-following model considering driver's visual angle, anticipated time and stabilizing driving behavior is proposed so as to investigate how the driver's behavior factors affect the stability of the traffic flow. Based on the model, linear stability analysis is performed together with bifurcation analysis, whose corresponding stability condition is highly fit to the results of the linear analysis. Furthermore, the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equation and the modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation are derived by nonlinear analysis, and we obtain the relationship of the two equations through the comparison. Finally, parameter calibration and numerical simulation are conducted to verify the validity of the theoretical analysis, whose results are highly consistent with the theoretical analysis.     

On guaranteed stability of uncertain linear systems via linear control

This paper addresses the problem of stabilizing an uncertain linear system. The uncertaintyq(·) which enters the dynamics is nonstistical in nature. That is, noa priori statistics forq(·) are assumed; only boundsQ on the admissible variations ofq(·) are taken as given. The results given here applied to so-called matched systems differ from previous results in two ways. Firstly, the stabilizing control in this paper is linear; for this same class of problems, many of the existing results would require a nonlinear control. Furthermore, those results which do in fact yield linear controls are only valid when a certain matrix (q) (formed using the given data) is negative definite for allq Q. In contrast, the theory given here only requires compactness of the bounding setQ. Secondly, we show that the so-called matching conditions (used in earlier work) can be generalized so as to encompass a larger class of dynamical systems.This research was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract No. ET-78-S-01-3390.     

滑坡冲击铲刮变量的计算方法研究

高速远程滑坡运动过程中,冲击铲刮效应不仅增加滑坡的体积与规模,而且会增大滑坡成灾范围,风险预测与判断出现明显误差,导致灾难性事件的发生。目前对于高速滑坡的铲刮深度、铲刮范围和铲刮体积等变量计算往往是采用基于经验的铲刮率算法,其是通过体积增量来反算铲刮变量的数学方法,而实际情况中高速滑坡的冲击铲刮是滑体冲击力和地表可铲刮材料之间的力学屈服破坏作用的结果。本文基于接触力学、弹塑性力学和岩土力学,提出了地表可铲刮层在附加冲击荷载作用下铲刮变量的理论计算方法,认为竖向冲击和切向剪切是滑体冲击铲刮过程的两种主要作用方式。结合实际岩土体材料参数,发现不考虑切向荷载时,铲刮层塑性区主要以竖向破裂区为主,考虑切向荷载时,铲刮层塑性区沿切向迁移,直至塑性边界贯通至地表,符合实际情况,实现了对铲刮变量的定量化计算。     

基于土拱效应的抗滑桩与护壁桩的桩间距分析

抗滑桩与护壁桩分别在滑坡治理和基坑支护中发挥着巨大的作用 ,其实施正是利用了土中的成拱效应 ,然而传统桩的设计虽考虑土拱效应的存在 ,但桩间距确定理论与方法并未建立起来。本文首先基于土体的极限平衡条件对滑坡推力作用下的土体中的成拱作用进行研究 ,得出了抗滑桩的最大桩间距公式 ,并以某一具体工程为例 ,对该最大桩间距的物理意义和可用性进行了讨论。在此基础上 ,给出了在考虑土拱效应的情况下合理桩间距的确定方法 ,并以此为据 ,对边坡加固设计提出一些建议.     

Large sample prediction intervals for future geometric mean a comparative study

This paper provides simulation comparisons among the performance of 11 possible prediction intervals for the geometric.mean of a Pareto distribution with parameters (αB, ). Six different procedures were used to obtain these intervals , namely; true inter -val , pivotal interval , maximum likelihood estimation interval, centrallimit teorem interval, variance stabilizing interval and a mixture of the above intervals . Some of these intervals are valid if the observed sample size m,are large , others are valid if both, n and the future sample size m, are large. Some of these intervals require a knowledge of α or B, while others do not. The simulation validation and efficiency study shows that intervals depending on the MLE's are the best. The second best intervalsare those obtained through pivotal methods or variance stabilization transformation. The third group of intervals is that which depends on the central limit theorem when λ is known. There are two intervals which proved to be unacceptable under any criterion.     

Sonochemical immobilization of silver nanoparticles on porous polypropylene

Silver nanoparticles were immobilized on the surface of polypropylene (PP) porous beads by an ultrasound‐assisted reduction method. The structure and properties of the silver–PP composite were characterized with XRD, TEM, HRSEM, EDX, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy. Water‐soluble polymers such as PEG, PVA, and PVP were used as stabilizing agents for preventing the agglomeration of the silver nanoparticles. With PVP, a homogeneous distribution of silver nanocrystals, 50 nm in size, on the PP surface was achieved. The mechanism proposed for the silver anchoring to the inert polymer accounts for a localized melting of the PP. The beads of the silver PP composite demonstrated good stability and high antibacterial activity. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 1719–1729, 2008     

永泰县城峰镇旗山小区后山滑坡现场应急调查及处置分析

2010年5月20日,受连续降雨影响,福建省永泰县城峰镇旗山小区后山发现有滑坡地质灾害隐患,后山中下部产生多条35~80m长拉裂缝,坡脚崩塌不断,潜在滑坡规模约8×10⁴m³,存在继续下滑的危险,情况十分危急,威胁坡脚居民2565人的生命和约5.38亿元财产。本文在对灾害现场进行详细地质调查的基础上,结合现场测绘、监测等手段,对该滑坡体的基本特征进行了较深入的调查研究,对滑坡发生及成灾原因进行了初步分析。结果表明,滑坡区地形条件及岩土体特征是滑坡发生的基本条件,连续降雨的饱水加载作用以及雨水沿节理裂隙结构面的下渗软化作用是诱发滑坡发生的直接原因。同时,根据滑坡险情特征,提出了应处置建议及应急卸载措施。最后,根据监测结果信息化指导应急卸载工作,确保了施工安全及受灾群众的生命财产安全。本次成功排险,对指导福建海沿地区地质灾害应急处置工作提供了科学依据。     

精密稳定控制系统输入量的获取方法

精密稳定(二级稳定d)控制系统具有通频带宽、响应速度快、精度高的特点,弥补了跟踪架伺服(一级稳定b)控制系统的不足。压电陶瓷倾斜平台(PZT)作为精密稳定控制系统的驱动装置,对于这种特殊结构来说,传统的光电传感器的输入不适于精密稳定控制系统的驱动装置。着重讨论了其输入量的获取方法,并在实验的基础上分析了这种方法的可行性。     

考虑上部结构的桩筏基础非线性共同作用分析

当前虽然已有考虑桩筏非线性的设计,但仍无人在此基础上,考虑上部结构。因此考虑上部结构,进一步认识其与桩筏基础非线性共同作用机理,优化桩筏基础设计,具有重要的现实意义。本文以子结构法凝聚上部结构的荷载及刚度,以平面壳体单元模拟筏板,按有限层法模拟桩土之间的弹性相互作用,用广义剪切位移法模拟桩的非线性工作性状,建立了一种考虑上部结构共同作用的桩筏基础非线性分析方法,并编制了分析程序。通过实例分析,探讨了上部结构与桩筏基础非线性共同作用的机理,研究了合理布桩方式,探讨了以差异沉降为目标的优化设计的可能途径。