具确定弱区域正交各向异性薄板的弹塑性屈曲分析

基于弹塑性力学和损伤理论,建立了一个与应力球张量有关的具损伤正交各向异性材料的混合硬化屈服准则,该准则无量纲化后与各向同性材料的Mises准则同构,在此基础上,建立了正交各向异性材料的增量型和全量型弹塑性损伤本构方程,并以具确定弱区域正交各向异性矩形薄板为例,根据屈曲时的能量准则和全量理论,以等效塑性应变为内变量,对其弹塑性屈曲问题进行了分析,讨论了几何参数和弱区域对正交各向异性薄板弹塑性屈曲临界应力的影响.     

冲击载荷作用下弹塑性板的反常动力响应研究

对弹塑性方板在横向脉冲载荷作用下动力响应的反直观行为进行了数值模拟及分析,给出了产生反直观行为的载荷范围和对相关问题的探讨。详细的分析发现,随着脉冲强度的增加,在几个窄的载荷区域,板的响应是反直观的,而且在此附近,结构参数、载荷等因素的微小改变将导致响应模式的很大差异,表明反直观行为对这些参数的敏感性。进一步的计算表明,这一特殊的动力行为主要与板的内力间的相互耦合作用密切相关,同时,卸载后的结构反弹到另一侧时发生较大的反向塑性变形,导致能量的进一步耗散,使板呈现反常的动力响应,这一现象是几何与材料两种非线性相互作用的结果。     

摩擦接触弹塑性分析的数学规划法

本文提出摩擦接触弹塑性分析的数学规划法,是弹性接触问题解法的推广,使之能处理比例加载时的塑性效应。利用所导出接触问题总刚度阵的逆,结合参变量线性互补公式,仍可消去由接触单元而引入的惩罚因子。于是,可以获得一个弹塑性问题、弹性接触和弹塑性接触问题的有限元参数二次规划法模型。所选的几个实例说明了方法的实用性。     

磨削粗糙表面法向接触刚度研究

为更加准确地描述机械磨削表面的接触刚度,本文在现有统计分析理论的基础上,提出了一种新的粗糙表面接触模型。模型针对接触表面微凸体形貌,将原有的球体假设采用cos函数曲线回转体代替,在假设形貌的基础上重新解算了微凸体弹塑性变形的临界压入深度,推导出了接触区域真实接触压力与接触刚度关系表达式。通过数值仿真方法得到了不同塑性指数下平均距离、接触刚度与接触压力之间的变化关系。对比结果显示,随着塑性指数的增大,本文模型的平均距离与球形模型的平均距离之间的差值逐渐增大。在接触刚度方面,本文模型相比球形模型更加贴近实验结果,并且随着塑性指数的增加,球形模型与本文模型之间的差值越来越大。本文模型结果与实验数据的相对偏差能够控制在5%以内,从而验证了本文模型的正确性,为更加准确地描述磨削表面零件的接触行为提供理论基础。     

STRUCTURAL DAMAGE MODEL OF UNSATURATED EXPANSIVE SOIL AND ITS APPLICATION IN MULTI-FIELD COUPLE ANALYSIS ON EXPANSIVE SOIL SLOPE

Focused on the sensitivity to climate change and the special mechanical characteristics of undisturbed expansive soil, an elastc-plastic damage constitutive model was proposed based on the mechanics of unsaturated soil and the mechanics of damage. Undisturbed expansive soil was considered as a compound of non-damaged part and damaged part. The behavior of the non-damaged part was described using non-linear constitutive model of unsaturated soil. The property of the damaged part was described using a damage evolution equation and two yield surfaces, i.e., loading yield (LY) and shear yield (SY). Furthermore, a consolidation model for unsaturated undisturbed expansive soil was established and a FEM program named UESEPDC was designed. Numerical analysis on solid-liquid-gas tri-phases and multi-field couple problem was conducted for four stages and fields of stress, displacement, pore water pressure, pore air pressure, water content, suction, and the damage region as well as plastic region in an expansive soil slope were obtained.     

Solution of elastic-plastic shallow shell problems by the boundary element method

The boundary integral equations for elasto-plastic problems of shallow shells are established by using the fundamental solutions of shallow shells derived previously. The strains and stress-resultants in the plastic region are used as unknown variables. The simultaneous nonlinear equations of these variables and unknown boundary values are established and solved by direct iteration method.     

Numerical simulation of a fluid-saturated soil under a dynamically loaded pile

The behaviour of the soil under a dynamically loaded pile toe is studied. The soil is modelled as a fluid saturated porous continuum. The constitutive behaviour of the solid skeleton is described by the elasto-plastic model of Drücker-Prager. The wave propagation is simulated with a dynamical finite-element program.A two-phase model of soil gives useful information about effective stress and pore pressure in the soil. In saturated soil the main wave under the pile toe propagates more downards than in dry soil, due to the higher compressional stiffness in saturated soil. The plastic zone under the pile toe propagates with the velocity of the fast compressional wave. The pore fluid influences the plasticity strongly and can be expected to affect pile driving too.The distribution of effective stress and pore pressure under the pile toe depends on the permeability of the soil and cannot be calculated uniquely from a single-phase calculation. Therefore, a nonlinear soil cannot be modelled correctly as a conventional single-phase material.     

基于SMP破坏准则的饱和砂土弹塑性本构模型

利用土体的塑性流动理论，提出了用于描述饱和砂土在单调荷载作用下的应力一应变反应性质的弹塑性本构模型。土体总的变形由三部分组成：即弹性应变、与体积屈服机制相关的塑性应变和与剪切屈服机制相关的塑性应变，其中与剪切屈服机制相关的塑性应变的得出是基于SMP破坏准则。通过将模型预测的结果与试验结果进行对比，表明该模型能够较为准确地描述饱和砂土在单调加载条件下的反应性质。     

海底管道的弹塑性稳定性和屈曲传播

本文根据我国南海海底输油气铺管的要求系统分析了海底管道在弯曲与外水压力共同作用下的弹塑性稳定性和屈曲传播.研究了管道的极值型屈曲和分枝型屈曲.在考虑管道的初始非圆度和材料的物理非线性的情况下提出了临界屈曲载荷的计算方法.综述和评论了屈曲传播现象的本质和各种计算方法.介绍了我们所进行的全尺寸管道实验.在分析理论结果时与现行的有关设计规程进行了比较和评论.     

软粘土卸载特性计算模型研究

本文从三个方面对软粘土的卸载特性进行了理论研究。采用太沙基一维固结理论，编制了内嵌固结计算的修正剑桥模型程序．对软粘土卸载强度进行了分析。推导了基于修正剑桥模型的孔压表达式并编制了相应的程序对软粘土的卸载孔压特性进行了研究，结果显示，在伸长条件下．孔压先由零逐渐发展到负的最大值．然后又逐渐减小至零。突破零位后，发展成为正孔压并最后达到正的最大值。围压越大，产生的负孔压的极值越大，最终的正孔压越小。将传统边界面模型的线弹性卸载过程改进为弹塑性．建立了软粘土的边界面广义弹塑性模型，从而使边界面模型可用于分析软粘土卸载过程中的塑性变形问题。理论分析结果与试验进行了比较验证，证明理论研究方法是可行的。