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A survey of berth allocation and quay crane scheduling problems in container terminals 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Due to the variety of technical equipments and terminal layouts, research has produced a multitude of optimization models for seaside operations planning in container terminals. To provide a support in modeling problem characteristics and in suggesting applicable algorithms this paper reviews the relevant literature. For this purpose new classification schemes for berth allocation problems and quay crane scheduling problems are developed. Particular focus is put on integrated solution approaches which receive increasing importance for the terminal management. 相似文献
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检测仪的研制,是从工程中数量甚大的桥式起重机的安全性检测中,国家规范要求甚高而实际检测手段简陋的矛盾提出的。装置充分利用激光束的直线性和传输过程中光斑中心不变、光强较高的特性;通过集光、机、电为一体的测尺直接读出数据。应用这套装置,已进行11台双梁桥式起重机箱形主梁的变形测定,结果表明:这套装置在现场使用方便,精度与检测要求匹配,装置价格不高,对工程单位比较实用。1995年获国家实用新型专利 相似文献
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A technique is proposed to reduce payload pendulations using the reelingand unreeling of the hoisting cable. The payload is modeled as a pointmass, the cable is modeled as a rigid link, and the assembly, aspherical pendulum, is attached to the boom tip. An excitation isapplied to the assembly at the boom tip. The motion of the payload isdescribed using two-dimensional and three-dimensional models. Ourresults demonstrate that cable-length manipulation can be used to reducepayload pendulations due to near-resonance excitations. Significantreductions can be obtained via an appropriate choice of thereeling/unreeling speed. We also demonstrate the limitations inherent intwo-dimensional modelings of a crane. 相似文献
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In the paper the 3-D model of a telescopic mobile crane is presented. In the model flexibilities and damping have been taken into account and also the number of degrees of freedom can be chosen according to the complexity of an approach. The algorithm of optimisation of drive functions for the slewing upper structure is given. The main goal of optimisation was to ensure load positioning at the end point of a work cycle in the case when oscillations are minimal. In order to achieve appropriate numerical effectiveness, the optimisation problem was solved for the simple, fully rigid model of a mobile crane. The method of compensating neglected flexibilities of the base structure of the crane and inner disturbances connected with the feedback control system via digital PID controller is presented. 相似文献
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根据钢筋混凝土长桩(柱)吊装的实际工程需要,进行了双机三点吊吊装方案的研究分析,建立了双机三点吊吊装方案的数学模型,编制了微机软件,解决了双机三点吊中的难题。 相似文献
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Cargo Pendulation Reduction of Ship-Mounted Cranes 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Ship-mounted cranes are used to transfer cargo from large container ships to smaller lighters when deep-water ports are not
available. The wave-induced motion of the crane ship can produce large pendulations of the cargo being hoisted and cause operations
to be suspended. In this work, we show that it is possible to reduce these pendulations significantly by controlling the slew
and luff angles of the boom. Such a control can be achieved with the heavy equipment that is already part of the crane so
that retrofitting existing cranes would require a small effort. Moreover, the control is superimposed on the commands of the
operator transparently. The successful control strategy is based on delayed feedback of the angles of the cargo-hoisting cable
in and out of the plane of the boom and crane tower. Its effectiveness is demonstrated in a fully nonlinear three-dimensional
computer simulation and in an experiment with a 1/24th-scale model of a T-ACS (The Auxiliary Crane Ship) crane mounted on
a platform moving with three degrees of freedom. The results demonstrate that the pendulations can be significantly reduced,
and therefore the range of sea conditions in which cargo-transfer operations can take place can be greatly expanded. 相似文献
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For a container terminal system, efficient berth and quay crane (QC) schedules have great impact on the improvement of both operation efficiency and customer satisfaction. In this paper we address berth and quay crane scheduling problems in a simultaneous way, with uncertainties of vessel arrival time and container handling time. The berths are of discrete type and vessels arrive dynamically with different service priorities. QCs are allowed to move to other berths before finishing processing on currently assigned vessels, adding more flexibility to the terminal system. A mixed integer programming model is proposed, and a simulation based Genetic Algorithm (GA) search procedure is applied to generate robust berth and QC schedule proactively. Computational experiment shows the satisfied performance of our developed algorithm under uncertainty. 相似文献