Measurement and prediction of solubilities and diffusion coefficients of carbon dioxide in starch–water mixtures at elevated pressures

The solubility and diffusion coefficient of carbon dioxide in intermediate‐moisture starch–water mixtures were determined both experimentally and theoretically at elevated pressures up to 16 MPa at 50 °C. A high‐pressure decay sorption system was assembled to measure the equilibrium CO₂ mass uptake by the starch–water system. The experimentally measured solubilities accounted for the estimated swollen volume by Sanchez–Lacombe equation of state (S‐L EOS) were found to increase almost linearly with pressure, yielding 4.0 g CO₂/g starch–water system at 16 MPa. Moreover, CO₂ solubilities above 5 MPa displayed a solubility increase, which was not contributed by the water fraction in the starch–water mixture. The solubilities, however, showed no dependence on the degree of gelatinization (DG) of starch. The diffusion coefficient of CO₂ was found to increase with concentration of dissolved CO₂, which is pressure‐dependent, and decrease with increasing DG in the range of 50–100%. A free‐volume‐based diffusion model proposed by Areerat was employed to predict the CO₂ diffusivity in terms of pressure, temperature, and the concentration of dissolved CO₂. S‐L EOS was once more used to determine the specific free volume of the mixture system. The predicted diffusion coefficients showed to correlate well with the measured values for all starch–water mixtures. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 607–621, 2006     

金属线性热膨胀系数的研究

 从温度T时的压强表达式出发，结合普适状态方程（UEOS）、Debye模型和热力学关系式，给出了计算金属线性热膨胀系数的普遍公式。并对Al、Cu、Pb的这一物理量进行了具体计算。结果表明，理论与实验符合较好。     

Parameters estimation and VLE calculation in asymmetric binary mixtures containing carbon dioxide + n-alkanols

In the present work, the estimation of the parameters for asymmetric binary mixtures of carbon dioxide + n-alkanols has been developed. The binary interaction parameter k₁₂ of the second virial coefficient and non-random two liquid model parameters τ₁₂ and τ₂₁ were obtained using Peng–Robinson equation of state coupled with the Wong–Sandler mixing rules. In all cases, Levenberg–Marquardt minimization algorithm was used for the parameters optimization employing an objective function based on the calculation of the distribution coefficients for each component. Vapor–liquid equilibrium for binary asymmetric mixtures (CO₂ + n-alkanol, from methanol to 1-decanol) was calculated using the obtained values of the mentioned parameters. The agreement between calculated and experimental values was satisfactory.     

神经网络状态方程在强爆炸冲击波数值模拟中的应用

强爆炸数值模拟的主要挑战在于如何准确地描述爆炸产物状态方程。利用BP神经网络和强爆炸产物状态数据对神经网络产物状态方程进行训练,并将得到的状态方程植入自编的一维球对称数值模拟程序,对强爆炸冲击波参数进行了计算。结果显示,计算得到的冲击波峰值超压、冲击波到时、正压时间与标准值吻合较好,证明将神经网络状态方程应用于强爆炸冲击波数值模拟是可行的。研究结果对确定强爆炸数值模拟方法具有很好的借鉴意义。

     

一种新的对比态混合物状态方程的建立

1引言在混合替代工质的研究中，要分析其热力学性质和循环性能，必须有能够准确描述混合制冷剂性质的状态方程。目前计算采用的各种混合状态方程都必需有混合物各组分间的二元交互作用系数Kij。Kij的值一般需要由回归二元混合工质的PVTx实验数据或相平衡数据而得到。实际的混合工质替代研究中，常常没有或缺少混合物的实验数据。对于二元混合物而言，其热力性质应与组成这种混合物的两种纯质的性质密切相关，有可能以纯质的物性来表达混合物的性能，而大多数纯质制冷剂都有用实验数据回归的精度很高的专用状态方程和蒸气压方程。所以，如…     

三级炮加载技术在超高压状态方程研究中的应用

根据阻抗梯度飞片设计原则和超高速数值模拟技术设计出一种新的叠层波阻抗梯度飞片,并利用三级炮加载技术将Ta飞片加速至9 km/s以上,测量了Ta在超高压下的状态方程。三级炮实验实现了冲击波速度与粒子速度的同时测量,Ta的Hugoniot数据与文献中发表的数据具有很好的线性关系,说明三级炮加载技术适合于材料超高压状态方程研究。     

改进的含温有界原子模型对金的电子物态方程的计算

在改进的含温有界原子模型基础上,在中心场近似下用分波法来处理部分自由电子密度分布函数.通过平均近似处理,给出劈裂的能带.在原子结构的自洽计算中采用能带重叠作为自由电子的动态判据.大量计算了Au的电子压强、能量、热容以及各种热力学系数. 关键词： 自洽场原子结构 状态方程 原子能量 电子压强     

A General Cavitation Model for the Highly Nonlinear Mie-Grüneisen Equation of State

A general one-fluid cavitation model is proposed for a family of Mie-Grüneisen equations of state (EOS), which can provide a wide application of cavitation flows, such as liquid-vapour transformation and underwater explosion. An approximate Riemann problem and its approximate solver for the general cavitation model are developed. The approximate solver, which provides the interface pressure and normal velocity by an iterative method, is applied in computing the numerical flux at the phase interface for our compressible multi-medium flow simulation on Eulerian grids. Several numerical examples, including Riemann problems and underwater explosion applications, are presented to validate the cavitation model and the corresponding approximate solver.     

The solubility of CO2 and N2O in olive oil

The solubility of CO₂ and N₂O in olive oil has been measured at temperatures of about 298, 310, and 323 K with a gravimetric microbalance under pressures up to 2 MPa. The molecular weight of olive oil has been analyzed and found to be about 882 g mol⁻¹ as a mixed oil compound. The observed solubility data have been correlated with a cubic equation of state (EOS) model. N₂O has a larger solubility than CO₂ in olive oil based on either the mole or mass fraction. The present results clarify some ambiguities from the previous N₂O solubility data in the literature.     

Vapor–liquid equilibrium calculations for refrigerant mixtures with the Mattedi–Tavares–Castier EOS

The present study uses the Mattedi–Tavares–Castier EOS to investigate VLE predictions for refrigerant binary mixtures. The refrigerant molecules are treated either by the associated-group or the uniform-molecular model. In the associated-group model, the refrigerant molecule is split into three groups: an electron-donor (α), an electron-acceptor (β), and a dispersion group (D). In the uniform-molecular model, the refrigerant molecule is represented as a single group. Results obtained with the MTC EOS are in agreement with experimental data reported in the literature. The EOS that treats refrigerant molecules with groups that can associate gives worse results than the uniform-molecular model.