Hardware components wastes pyrolysis: energy recovery and liquid fraction valorisation

Pyrolysis of hardware components wastes consisting mainly in computers and television components was performed under nitrogen. The degradation products were separated in three fractions, solid, liquid and gaseous. Analyses of the three phases were carried out using gas chromatography (GC), mass spectrometry (MS), thermal analysis and infrared spectroscopy. The energetic content of the gas phase and the economic value of the liquid phase were also determined. The gas fraction produced was rich in light hydrocarbons and hydrogen. Consequently, its calorific value was high and widely sufficient to make the pyrolysis process self-sustained. The main products of the liquid phase were phenol and isopropylphenol (ca. 50–80 wt.%). The presence of Br-based compounds, deriving from the flame retardant employed in hardware components, were also detected. A controlled combustion of the solid phase permitted to obtain the glass fibres unaltered, which can be recycled.     

Correspondence between spin-dynamic phases and pulse program phases of NMR spectrometers

Spin state selective experiments have become very useful tools in solution NMR spectroscopy, particularly in the context of TROSY line narrowing. However, the practical implementation of such pulse sequences is frequently complicated by unexpected instrument behavior. Furthermore, a literal theoretical analysis of sequences published with specific phase settings can fail to rationalize such experiments and can seemingly contradict experimental findings. In this communication, we develop a practical approach to this ostensible paradox. Spin-dynamic design, rationalization, and simulation of NMR pulse sequences, as well as their confident and reliable implementation across current spectrometer hardware platforms, require precise understanding of the underlying nutation axis conventions. While currently often approached empirically, we demonstrate with a simple but general pulse program how to uncover these correspondences a priori in the general case. From this, we deduce a correspondence table between the spin-dynamic phases used in NMR theory and simulation on the one hand and pulse program phases of current commercial spectrometers on the other. As a practical application of these results, we analyze implementations of the original (1)H-(15)N TROSY experiment and illustrate how steady-state magnetization can be predictably, rather than empirically, added to a desired component. We show why and under which circumstances a literal adoption of phases from published sequences can lead to incorrect results. We suggest that pulse sequences should be consistently given with spin-dynamically correct (physical) phases, rather than in spectrometer-specific (software) syntax.     

地质工程自动监测硬件系统若干技术问题

地质工程自动监测系统具有监测对象信息变化差异大,监测环境恶劣等显着特点。其硬件系统须具备监测范围广,抗干扰能力强,抗雷击等特殊功能。同时,为了适应现代化工程建设的要求,还应具备先进的智能化和网络化等功能。为此,本文对地质工程自动监测系统的功能和组成、当前的发展趋势及所涉及到一些关键硬件技术问题展开了讨论,着重总结了作者有关地质工程自动监测硬件系统关键技术问题的研究。最后介绍了作者为五强溪水电站边坡工程建立的自动监测系统,以及该系统双端防雷保护和模块化信号调理等难题的解决。     

New demodulation filter in digital phase rotation beamforming

In this paper, we present a new quadrature demodulation filter to reduce hardware complexity in digital phase rotation beamforming. Due to its low sensitivity to phase delay errors, digital quadrature demodulation is commonly used in ultrasound machines. However, since it requires two lowpass filters for each channel to remove harmonics, the direct use of conventional finite impulse response (FIR) filters in ultrasound machines is computationally expensive and burdensome. In our new method, an efficient multi-stage uniform coefficient (MSUC) filter is utilized to remove harmonic components in phase rotation beamforming. In comparison with the directly implemented FIR (DI-FIR) and the previously-proposed signed-power-of-two FIR (SPOT-FIR) lowpass filters, the proposed MSUC filter reduces the necessary hardware resources by 93.9% and 83.9%, respectively. In simulation, the MSUC filter shows a negligible degradation in image quality. The proposed method resulted in comparable spatial and contrast resolution to the DI-FIR approach in the phantom study. These preliminary results indicate that the proposed quadrature demodulation filtering method could significantly reduce the hardware complexity in phase rotation beamforming while maintaining comparable image quality.     

基于TD-LTE短信平台的智能排队叫号系统设计

随着经济和社会的快速发展,服务行业的种类和业务量急剧增长,排队等候成为人们经常面临的问题。为了解决排队等候的秩序问题,智能排队叫号系统应运而生。本文设计了一种基于TD-LTE短信平台的智能排队叫号系统,该系统可以通过APP预约软件进行排号,也可以通过服务大厅的固定取号端进行排队取号,方便了人们办理各种业务,节省了排队时间。该系统采用了软硬件协同的方法进行设计,各模块之间使用无线方式进行连接,简化了布线的复杂性。该系统具有安装快捷,使用维护方便,成本低廉,便于扩展等特点。     

Computing generalized higher-order Voronoi diagrams on triangulated surfaces

We present an algorithm for computing exact shortest paths, and consequently distance functions, from a generalized source (point, segment, polygonal chain or polygonal region) on a possibly non-convex triangulated polyhedral surface. The algorithm is generalized to the case when a set of generalized sites is considered, providing their distance field that implicitly represents the Voronoi diagram of the sites. Next, we present an algorithm to compute a discrete representation of the distance function and the distance field. Then, by using the discrete distance field, we obtain the Voronoi diagram of a set of generalized sites (points, segments, polygonal chains or polygons) and visualize it on the triangulated surface. We also provide algorithms that, by using the discrete distance functions, provide the closest, furthest and k-order Voronoi diagrams and an approximate 1-Center and 1-Median.     

The Automatical Slotted-Line System Controlled with Micro-Computer IBM 80486

This paper reports an automatical slotted-lin system which has been developed by us. This system is controlled with IBM-PC 80486. Its software is designed with C Language. It can performs a variety of measurements such as high, medium and low SWR measurement, signal source SWR, attenuation, phase shift, scattering coefficient of two port network and dielectric constant measurement etc. rapily, exately and conveniently. In this paper, the hardware composition and software design are described. A series of typical measurement results of SWR at 30MM wave-band are given. This method is adaptable for MM-Wave band and other Micro-wave band.     

基于核主成分分析的硬件木马检测方法研究

针对旁路信号样本在高维空间中的分布,提出了一种基于核主成分分析的硬件木马检测方法,该方法能够找出旁路信号样本分布中的非线性规律,将高维的旁路信号映射到低维子空间同时更精确地反映旁路信号样本的分布特性,从而发现由木马引起的非线性特征差异。针对AES加密电路植入约占电路3%的组合型木马并进行检测,实验结果表明,该方法能够有效分辨基准电路与含木马电路之间旁路信号的非线性特征差异,实现木马的检测,并取得比K-L变换更好的检测效果。     

Wireless powered hybrid backscatter-active communications with hardware impairments

Wireless powered hybrid backscatter-active communication can full make use of the different tradeoff between power consumption and achievable rate of the active and backscatter communications, and thus achieving a better performance than wireless powered active or backscatter communications. In this paper, we design a throughput maximization-based resource allocation scheme for a wireless powered hybrid backscatter-active communication network, while considering the hardware impairments at all RF front ends of each transceiver. Towards this end, we formulate a problem by jointly optimizing the transmit power of the dedicated energy source, the time for pure energy harvesting, backscatter and active communications, the power reflection coefficient, and the transmit power of each IoT node during active communications. The formulated problem is non-convex and different to solve. Subsequently an iterative algorithm based on the block coordinated decent technology is proposed to address the above problem. Simulation results verify that our proposed iterative algorithm converges very fast and that the proposed scheme outperforms the baseline schemes in terms of the throughput.     

Application of Response Surface Methodology to laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: Influences of hardware configuration

Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize LIBS analysis of single crystal silicon at atmospheric pressure and under vacuum conditions (pressure  10^− 6 mbar). Multivariate analysis software (StatGraphics 5.1) was used to design and analyze several multi-level, full factorial RSM experiments. A Quality Factor (QF) was conceived as the response parameter for the experiments, representing the quality of the LIBS spectrum captured for a given hardware configuration. The QF enabled the hardware configuration to be adjusted so that a best compromise between resolution, signal intensity and signal noise could be achieved. The effect on the QF of simultaneously adjusting spectrometer gain, gate delay, gate width, lens position and spectrometer slit width was investigated, and the conditions yielding the best QF determined.