Modeling of radiative heat transfer in an axisymmetric cylindrical enclosure with participating medium

Radiative heat transfer in an axisymmetric enclosure with absorbing, emitting, and scattering medium is studied here by using the different methods such as MDOM, FVM, and MFVM with emphasis on the treatment of angular derivative term, which appears in curvilinear coordinates due to angular redistribution. After final discretization equation for MFVM is introduced by using the step scheme and directional weights, the present approach is validated by applying it to three different benchmarking problems with absorbing, emitting, and scattering medium. All of the results presented here support its accuracy as well as moderate efficiency. Finally, the present approaches are applied to a truncated cone-shaped enclosure as a body-fitted geometry case.     

Simulation of oscillatory flow in an aortic bifurcation using FVM and FEM: A comparative study of implementation strategies

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major causes of long‐term morbidity and mortality in human beings. The nearly epidemic increase in prevalence of such diseases poses a serious threat to public health and calls for efficient methods of diagnosis and treatment. Non‐invasive diagnostic procedures such as MRI are often used in this context; however, these are limited in terms of spatial and temporal resolution and do not provide information on time‐dependent pressures and wall shear stresses—key quantities considered to be partially responsible for the formation and development of related pathologies. The present study is concerned with the numerical simulation of oscillatory flow through the abdominal aortic bifurcation. Computational fluid dynamics simulation of oscillatory flow in a branched geometry at high Reynolds numbers poses considerable challenges. The present study reports a detailed comparison of simulations performed with a finite volume and a finite element method, two approaches with significant differences in their discretization strategy, treatment of boundary conditions and other numerical aspects. Both solvers were parallelized, using loop parallelization of the BiCGStab linear solver for the finite volume and domain decomposition based on the Schur complement method for the finite element technique. The experience gained with these two approaches for the solution of flow in a bifurcation forms the focus of this study. Although similar results were obtained for both methods, the computation time required for convergence was found to be significantly smaller for the finite element approach. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Finite volume multigrid method of the planar contraction flow of a viscoelastic fluid

This paper reports on a numerical algorithm for the steady flow of viscoelastic fluid. The conservative and constitutive equations are solved using the finite volume method (FVM) with a hybrid scheme for the velocities and first‐order upwind approximation for the viscoelastic stress. A non‐uniform staggered grid system is used. The iterative SIMPLE algorithm is employed to relax the coupled momentum and continuity equations. The non‐linear algebraic equations over the flow domain are solved iteratively by the symmetrical coupled Gauss–Seidel (SCGS) method. In both, the full approximation storage (FAS) multigrid algorithm is used. An Oldroyd‐B fluid model was selected for the calculation. Results are reported for planar 4:1 abrupt contraction at various Weissenberg numbers. The solutions are found to be stable and smooth. The solutions show that at high Weissenberg number the domain must be long enough. The convergence of the method has been verified with grid refinement. All the calculations have been performed on a PC equipped with a Pentium III processor at 550 MHz. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种结合Roe格式的高精度半拉氏方法

针对守恒形式的欧拉方程组, 构造了一种结合Roe格式的守恒型有限体 积形式的半拉氏方法. 通过发展一种基于Roe特征速度的拉氏质点回溯方法, 由此来计算 半点的流量并作为边界通量的近似, 使得这种半拉氏方法在时空离散上达到二阶精度, 并 且保证了守恒性. 其中回溯点处物理量采用本质无振荡格式(ENO)方法进行插值重 构得到, 不需要增加人工黏性且避免了有限体积多矩半拉氏方法中限制器选择的问题, 又能够达到时空的高阶精度. 方法简便, 易于实现, 兼具拉氏方法和欧拉方法的优点. 一维和二维数值算例表明, 此方法对激波和接触间断都取得了满意的模拟效果, 可用于可压缩复杂流动问题的计算.     

化学反应机理对液氧煤油发动机尾焰红外特性影响研究

提出了一种液氧煤油发动机尾焰红外辐射特性计算方法,首先采用计算流体力学软件对液氧煤油发动机内流场进行计算,然后以获得喷管喉部截面参数作为入口边界条件计算发动机尾焰流场,最后以发动机尾焰流场参数分布为基础,采用有限体积法对发动机尾焰红外光谱辐射特性和成像特性进行计算,并对比验证了模型和方法的准确性。在此基础上,研究了化学反应机理和复燃反应过程对尾焰红外辐射特性影响。结果表明,采用多步化学反应能够准确模拟液氧煤油发动机内流场,温度相比热力学计算大3.34%,压力相比试车测量大2.89%;考虑复燃反应使尾焰红外辐射强度增强显著,在采用单步化学反应和多步化学反应两种工况下2~5波段红外辐射强度分别增大50%~100%和150%~170%,但不会影响尾焰红外光谱辐射特性和红外总辐射强度随探测角变化趋势;采用单步化学反应和多步化学反应都能够获得清晰结构的红外成像图像,但是前者2~5尾焰红外辐射强度要比后者增大90%~190%,且两种工况下发动机尾焰红外光谱辐射特性差别很大,尾焰红外总辐射强度随探测角变化趋势也不同。     

黏弹性聚合物溶液在突扩孔道内的流动特性

采用上随体Maxwell本构方程,描述油藏条件下以第一法向应力差为主要特征的聚合物溶液的流变性.利用有限体积法对黏弹性聚合物溶液在突扩孔道内的流动特征进行数值模拟.绘制了流函数和速度的等值线图.研究了黏弹性的变化对微观波及效率的影响.数值模拟结果表明,聚合物溶液的黏弹性是影响波及效率的主要因素.凹角处的流动区域随着弹性的增加在不断增大,因此滞留区域不断减小,微观波及效率不断增大.具有黏弹特性的聚合物溶液相比于纯黏性的牛顿流体更利于提高驱油效率.这一结论有助于驱油工业上聚合物溶液的设计和优选.     

均匀水流冲击下扭王字块断裂失稳过程的数值模拟研究

扭王字块是一种重要的港口防波堤护面块体,其断裂失稳过程与所受水流冲击力密切相关。文章以基于连续介质力学的离散元方法(CDEM)为基础,通过引入FVM算法及半弹簧-半棱联合接触模型,分别实现了大位移下单元变形的准确计算及单元接触的快速更新。基于改进后的CDEM方法,通过在扭王字块表面施加按流速方向逐渐增加的动态面力,对均匀水流冲击下单扭王字块的断裂过程及扭王字块群的失稳滑移过程进行了数值分析。通过分析,不同方向水流冲击下单扭王字块的主要断裂模式为沿着根部的折断,其断裂流速约为21~25m/s;不同吨位下扭王字块群的失稳模式为扭王字块单体从群体中跳出,其失稳流速约为4~11m/s。     

水雾红外隐身的冷/热目标效应

人工水雾对抗红外成像制导导弹时,会因为蒸发对流强、辐射热流弱而使水雾形成冷目标;也可能因为辐射热流过强、散热弱而形成热目标。为详细揭示该现象,以Mie理论为基础,通过辐射传递方程和能量守恒方程的耦合计算,建立了水雾红外隐身产生冷目标或热目标效应的数学模型。应用蒙特卡洛法与本文算法作对比,验证了模型的正确性;将水雾视为吸收、发射、各向异性散射介质,考虑水雾自身辐射、多重散射和各种换热过程,比如辐射热流、两相流的热传导、热对流、紊流热扩散以及雾滴蒸发等,反映了水雾热遮蔽所产生的冷/热目标效应。     

Thermal analysis of high-index-contrast grating (HCG)-based VCSEL

A 3-D thermal analysis of 870 nm high-index-contrast grating (HCG)-based vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) by using finite volume method (FVM) is presented in this paper. The HCG-based VCSEL is modeled by applying a steady-state 3-D heat dissipation model. Temperature distribution profile and thermal resistance (R_th) of the device are investigated by inserting the heat source value into the thermal simulation. Also, this analysis is performed for a conventional VCSEL operating at the same wavelength and under the same injected current as well as the same geometric sizes. The analysis shows that the maximum temperature inside the HCG-based VCSEL is lower than that inside the conventional VCSEL.     

Numeric treatment of contact discontinuity with multi-gases

In this paper we work with a finite-volume-procedure for the computation of the one-dimensional Euler equations for the treatment of multi-gases and the problem of the correct treatment of the discontinuity was more nearly investigated. A suggested equation was embedded in the finite volumes context and implemented in our code accordingly and regarded as validated.