首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   13558篇
  免费   1070篇
  国内免费   1152篇
化学   7191篇
晶体学   146篇
力学   3907篇
综合类   85篇
数学   1064篇
物理学   3387篇
  2024年   15篇
  2023年   85篇
  2022年   234篇
  2021年   250篇
  2020年   395篇
  2019年   357篇
  2018年   329篇
  2017年   418篇
  2016年   561篇
  2015年   605篇
  2014年   566篇
  2013年   917篇
  2012年   638篇
  2011年   761篇
  2010年   567篇
  2009年   804篇
  2008年   788篇
  2007年   886篇
  2006年   827篇
  2005年   744篇
  2004年   704篇
  2003年   694篇
  2002年   548篇
  2001年   374篇
  2000年   416篇
  1999年   319篇
  1998年   322篇
  1997年   256篇
  1996年   185篇
  1995年   198篇
  1994年   180篇
  1993年   137篇
  1992年   125篇
  1991年   81篇
  1990年   63篇
  1989年   70篇
  1988年   55篇
  1987年   44篇
  1986年   29篇
  1985年   27篇
  1984年   30篇
  1983年   12篇
  1982年   23篇
  1981年   16篇
  1980年   11篇
  1979年   26篇
  1978年   11篇
  1977年   14篇
  1976年   11篇
  1971年   15篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Thin films with a nanometer-scale thickness are of great interest to both scientific and industrial communities due to their numerous applications and unique behaviors different from the bulk. However, the understanding of thin-film mechanics is still greatly hampered due to their intrinsic fragility and the lack of commercially available experimental instruments. In this review, we first discuss the progression of thin-film mechanical testing methods based on the supporting substrate: film-on-solid substrate method, film-on-water tensile tests, and water-assisted free-standing tensile tests. By comparing past studies on a model polymer, polystyrene, the effect of different substrates and confinement effect on the thin-film mechanics is evaluated. These techniques have generated fruitful scientific knowledge in the field of organic semiconductors for the understanding of structure–mechanical property relationships. We end this review by providing our perspective for their bright prospects in much broader applications and materials of interest.  相似文献   
2.
We give a sheaf theoretic interpretation of Potts models with external magnetic field, in terms of constructible sheaves and their Euler characteristics. We show that the polynomial countability question for the hypersurfaces defined by the vanishing of the partition function is affected by changes in the magnetic field: elementary examples suffice to see non-polynomially countable cases that become polynomially countable after a perturbation of the magnetic field. The same recursive formula for the Grothendieck classes, under edge-doubling operations, holds as in the case without magnetic field, but the closed formulae for specific examples like banana graphs differ in the presence of magnetic field. We give examples of computation of the Euler characteristic with compact support, for the set of real zeros, and find a similar exponential growth with the size of the graph. This can be viewed as a measure of topological and algorithmic complexity. We also consider the computational complexity question for evaluations of the polynomial, and show both tractable and NP-hard examples, using dynamic programming.  相似文献   
3.
固体力学有限元体系的结构拓扑变化理论   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
本文是文[1]的继续.文[1]提出了杆件系统的结构拓扑变化理论和拓扑变化法本文将这一理论和方法推进到连续体有限元体系;且在此基础上揭示出有限元体系的一个新性质,称为基本位移之梯度的正交性定理,从而给出一套设计敏度的显式表达式,可直接用于计算.  相似文献   
4.
The authors achieved the temporal coherent control in an Er^3+ doped telluride glass, one kind of disordered solids. The upconversion at 670 nm was modulated and the dephasing time was simulated as 300 fs. Moreover, the photon echo signal gave the dephasing time due to the phonon interaction. The agreement between the two data indicates that the interaction between the wavepacket and the phonon leads to the fast disappearance of wavepackets interference, which is helpful for the tech- nique to be applied to the disordered solids.  相似文献   
5.
In this paper, we will propose algorithms for calculating a minimal ellipsoid circumscribing a polytope defined by a system of linear inequalities. If we know all vertices of the polytope and its cardinality is not very large, we can solve the problem in an efficient manner by a number of existent algorithms. However, when the polytope is defined by linear inequalities, these algorithms may not work since the cardinality of vertices may be huge. Based on a fact that vertices determining an ellipsoid are only a fraction of these vertices, we propose algorithms which iteratively calculate an ellipsoid which covers a subset of vertices. Numerical experiment shows that these algorithms perform well for polytopes of dimension up to seven.  相似文献   
6.
 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) was used to investigate the extrusion behaviour of PTFE pastes in a ram extruder. By means of 1H-NMR imaging (MRI) it is possible to determine the local proton density and therefore, the local fluid concentration. The 19F-MRI provides the local solid concentration. Thus the local saturation and the local porosity can be calculated with the information of the local fluid and solid concentration. Furthermore displacement profiles can be derived from NMR images by means of correlation techniques without any preparation or marking of the pastes. Received: 8 May 2000   Accepted: 1 May 2001  相似文献   
7.
Cosmic dust and our origins   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The small solid particles in the space between the stars provide the surfaces for the production of many simple and complex molecules. Processes involving the effects of ultraviolet irradiation of the thin (hundredth micron) mantles are shown to produce a wide range of molecules and ions also seen in comets. Some of the more complex ones inferred from laboratory experiments are expected to play an important role in the origin of life. An outline of the chemical evolution of interstellar dust as observed and as studied in the laboratory is presented. Observations of comets are shown to provide substantial evidence for their being fluffy aggregates of interstellar dust as it was in the protosolar nebula, i.e. the interstellar cloud which collapsed to form the solar system. The theory that comets may have brought the progenitors of life to the earth is summarized.  相似文献   
8.
Some concepts of real and complex projective geometry are applied to the fundamental physical notions that relate to Minkowski space and the Lorentz group. In particular, it is shown that the transition from an infinite speed of propagation for light waves to a finite one entails the replacement of a hyperplane at infinity with a light cone and the replacement of an affine hyperplane – or rest space – with a proper time hyperboloid. The transition from the metric theory of electromagnetism to the pre‐metric theory is discussed in the context of complex projective geometry, and ultimately, it is proposed that the geometrical issues are more general than electromagnetism, namely, they pertain to the transition from point mechanics to wave mechanics.  相似文献   
9.
Examples are worked out using a new equation proposed in the previous paper to show that it has new physical predictions for mesoscopic systems.  相似文献   
10.
The five relative equilibria of the three-body problem give rise to solutions where the bodies rotate rigidly around their center of mass. For these solutions, the moment of inertia of the bodies with respect to the center of mass is clearly constant. Saari conjectured that these rigid motions are the only solutions with constant moment of inertia. This result will be proved here for the planar problem with three nonzero masses with the help of some computational algebra and geometry.

  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号