多夹层板壳的非线性理论及应用（Ⅲ）：扁壳的弯曲和稳定

本文根据文[1]获得的多夹层扁壳非线性基本方程，求解了各种载荷及边界条件下矩形底面多夹层扁壳的非线性弯曲问题，多夹层板、扁柱亮在轴向压力作用下的稳定问题，以及一般形状的扁壳在边界作用力下的变形．     

Combined-modality treatment of adductor spasmodic dysphonia with botulinum toxin and voice therapy

A combined-modality treatment program consisting of botulinum toxin injection (Botox) and voice therapy was used to treat 17 subjects diagnosed with adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADD SD). Ten subjects with ADD SD served as the control and were given Botox only. Voice therapy after Botox injection was directed toward reducing the hyperfunctional vocal behaviors, primarily glottal overpressure at voice onset and anterior-posterior squeezing. The results indicated that subjects who underwent combined-modality treatment maintained significantly higher mean airflow rates for significantly longer periods. Moreover, there was a carryover effect in these patients when they received Botox only. Adductor spasmodic dysphonia is treated most effectively when intrinsic laryngeal muscle spasms are reduced or eliminated by Botox injection and extrinsic hyperfunctional vocal behaviors are treated with voice therapy     

Material-Adapted Design of Textile-Reinforced Composite Structures with Optimized Vibro-Acoustic and Damping Properties Including Shear Effects

Advanced analytical models have been developed at the ILK, which offer a possibility of calculating the vibro-acoustic and damping behavior of textile-reinforced composite shells and plates with account of shear effects. The simulation models elaborated have been verified on selected examples, and the analytical results were fully corroborated by accompanying numerical calculations for typical lay-ups.__________Russian translation published in Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 41, No. 3, pp. 289–302, May–June, 2005.     

微扰影响下组合孤波的传输稳定性研究

针对最近发现的高阶非线性薛定锷方程的组合孤波解，我们数值研究了它在受到包括幅度偏离、参数条件偏离以及随机噪声等不同初始扰动后的传输特性。结果表明一定的精确脉冲在不同的扰动下有类似的稳定趋势。     

Exact Controllability and Asymptotic Analysis for Shallow Shells

The authors consider the exact controllability of the vibrations of a thin shallow shell, of thickness 2εwith controls imposed on the lateral surface and at the top and bottom of the shell. Apart from proving the existence of exact controls, it is shown that the solutions of the three dimensional exact controllability problems converge, as the thickness of the shell goes to zero, to the solution of an exact controllability problem in two dimensions.     

Theoretical and computational studies of vectorial processes in biomolecular systems

Efficient vectorial processes such as the transduction of bioenergy and signals are characteristics that strikingly distinguish living systems from inanimate materials. Recent developments in biophysical and biochemical techniques have provided new information about the structure, dynamics and interaction of biomolecules involved in vectorial life processes at multiple length and temporal scales. This wealth of data makes it possible to carry out theoretical and computational studied of key mechanistic questions associated with complex life processes at an unprecedented level. Using two “vectorial biomolecular machines”, myosin and cytochrome c oxidase, as examples, we discuss the identification of interesting and biologically relevant questions that require thorough theoretical analysis. Technical challenges and recent progress related to these theoretical investigations are briefly summarized     

偶合反应化学发光法测定痕量银的研究

本文报道了Ａｇ（Ⅰ）催化ｏ－ｐｈｅｎ和Ｋ４Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６的配位体取代反应与Ｌｕｍｉｎｏｌ－Ｃｕ（ＣＮ）２－４的化学发光反应偶合测定痕量银的方法．方法的线性浓度范围为１×１０－１１～１×１０－７ｇ／ｍＬＡｇ，检出限为４×１０－１２ｇ／ｍＬＡｇ，用于水样分析，结果较为满意     

微克级介形虫壳体样品的多元素ICP－AES同时测定

本文从顺序扫描式双通道电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪（ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ）的特点出发，对微克级介形虫壳体样品中的低含量元素选择最灵敏谱线和最佳通道，对各项条件进行最优化。Ｍｇ、Ｓｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｂａ、Ｚｎ的检测限分别为０．６～５．２μｇ／Ｌ，Ｃａ和Ｎａ的检测限分别为１６μｇ／Ｌ和５２μｇ／Ｌ，测定了微克级样品的多元素含量，回收率为９０％～１０６％。     

Effective removal of 4-Aminophenol from aqueous environment by pea (Pisum sativum) shells activated with sulfuric acid: Characterization,isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamics

The threat of phenol contamination in aquatic ecosystems is significant for the health of the earth's water systems as well as all humans on it. The present study was conducted to synthesize a cost-effective adsorbent (pea shells activated with sulfuric acid, PSASA) from agriculture waste (pea shells) and its use for effective removal of toxic 4-Aminophenol (4-AP). Newly designed PSASA exhibited significant adsorption of 4-AP which was confirmed by SEM, FT-IR, and XRD analysis. Surface topography confirmed high unevenness of the PSASA surface and the macroporous feature of the PSASA was confirmed by BET analysis. . Multiple testing was done to see how various factors affected adsorption such as adsorbent dose, temperature, pH, PZC, the effect of KCl and urea addition and the effect of the initial concentration of 4-AP. A drop in adsorption uptake of 4-AP was observed as the temperature increases from 25 °C to 45 °C. Maximum adsorption uptake (q_m) was found to be 106.11 mg/g at an optimum pH of 7.0 and 25 °C. Among various adsorption isotherm models tested, Langmuir Isotherm gave the best explanation with high R² values of experimental data. The pseudo-first-order model was found to explain the kinetics of adsorption well. The thermodynamic finding confirms the adsorption process was physical and exothermic. The adsorption of 4-AP was primarily governed by electrostatic interaction, hydrogen-bonding and π-π exchange mechanism. Because of the positive outcomes of the present research, we can use the PSASA as a cost-effective adsorbent for removing phenolic compounds.     

Mechanics of fish skin: A computational approach for bio-inspired flexible composites

Natural materials and structures are increasingly becoming a source of inspiration for the design novel of engineering systems. In this context, the structure of fish skin, made of an intricate arrangement of flexible plates growing out of the dermis of a majority of fish, can be of particular interest for materials such as protective layers or flexible electronics. To better understand the mechanics of these composite shells, we introduce here a general computational framework that aims at establishing a relationship between their structure and their overall mechanical response. Taking advantage of the periodicity of the scale arrangement, it is shown that a representative periodic cell can be introduced as the basic element to carry out a homogenization procedure based on the Hill-Mendel condition. The proposed procedure is applied to the specific case of the fish skin structure of the Morone saxatilis, using a computational finite element approach. Our numerical study shows that fish skin possesses a highly anisotropic response, with a softer bending stiffness in the longitudinal direction of the fish. This softer response arises from significant scale rotations during bending, which induce a stiffening of the response under large bending curvature. Interestingly, this mechanism can be suppressed or magnified by tuning the rotational stiffness of the scale-dermis attachment but is not activated in the lateral direction. These results are not only valuable to the engineering design of flexible and protective shells, but also have implications on the mechanics of fish swimming.