边坡变形的分布式光纤监测模拟试验研究

布里渊散射光时域反射测量技术(BOTDR)作为一项新型光电传感监测技术,因其具有良好的抗干扰、长距离、可植入性和分布式监测的特点而被广泛应用于结构工程健康监测中。而直接将光纤布设在土体中则存在变形协调性差、易折断及空间定位难等问题。本次研究通过室内小比例尺模型试验,分别将光纤植入土工布和土工格栅等柔性复合材料中并一起铺设在边坡模型不同深度处,利用BOTDR监测边坡在外荷作用下的变形特征。试验结果表明,布设在土工格栅中的光纤稳定性最好; 土工布中的光纤变形协调性和敏感性优于土工格栅; 通过合理布置光纤能够对异常应变进行较为准确的识别和定位。试验初步验证了该方法应用于土质边坡变形监测的可行性。     

Spatial Resolution Enhancement in BOTDR by Spectrum Separation Method

BOTDR (Brillouin optical-fiber time domain reflectometry) is a promising technique for measuring the strain distribution along an optical fiber which can be used for diagnosing civil structures. However, there is a trade-off between the spatial and the frequency resolutions, and its practical spatial resolution is limited to about 1 m; to date the application scope has been restricted. In order to enhance the spatial resolution without decreasing the measurement accuracy, we intentionally introduce two kinds of strain within the spatial resolution length determined by the optical pulse width, which results in Brillouin gain spectrum separation. In this paper, we describe the theoretical analysis of the spectrum separation method together with experimental verification, where a spatial resolution of 0.5 m is demonstrated. We further propose a new parabolic data fitting method especially effective in the spectrum separation method.     

基于布里渊散射的分布式光纤传感技术

基于布里渊散射的分布式光纤传感技术是目前国内外研究的热点。其中基于时域定位的布里渊分布式光纤传感技术主要分为布里渊光时域反射和布里渊光时域分析两种。国内对基于布里渊光时域反射技术的分布式光纤传感技术的研究报道比较多。介绍了基于布里渊光时域分析技术的分布式光纤传感技术的研究现状,并对基于时域定位的两种传感技术进行了分析对比。总结了布里渊散射分布式光纤传感技术实用化存在的问题及可能的解决方法,指出了该传感技术进一步的发展方向。     

BOTDR分布式检测技术在复杂地层钻孔灌注桩测试中的应用研究

分析了Kagome格栅的等效刚度和屈服面. 其屈服面奇异,由4段直线围成. 利用该屈服面, 估算了Kagome具有I型、II型半无限大裂纹的裂尖塑性区,有限元计算验证了解析预测的 准确性. 与奇异屈服面相比,由Mises光滑屈服面给出的塑性区误差较大. 因此只有弹性情 况,可以将Kagome等效为各向同性;若材料塑性,或应力场奇异性较强,Kagome的强度依 赖于主应力方向,不能用各向同性模型来描述.     

基于BOTDR的白泥井3号隧道拱圈变形监测

白泥井3号隧道是一条山岭隧道,隧道出口段位于滑坡等地质灾害多发的危险区域,为了确保隧道安全,应用国际上先进的BOTDR分布式应变测量技术,对隧道拱圈截面变形进行了分布式应变监测。本文着重介绍了BOTDR在隧道内安装布设以及监测数据的分析过程,监测成果显示,在将近1 a的监测时间里,隧道拱圈基本保持稳定,只是在个别区域,如K84+508.2处拱圈截面的衬砌表面发生张拉变形,变形量在雨季期间达到最大,据分析是由于雨水入渗山体造成围岩压力增大,致使拱圈截面受挤压变形。     

基于BOTDR的隧道应变监测研究

布里渊散射光时域反射计 (BOTDR)是近年来才研发成功的分布式应变测量技术。本文首先介绍了BOTDR的优点和测量原理 ,以某隧道的BOTDR应用实例 ,论证了这一技术应用于岩土工程等结构物分布式应变监测的可行性和优势 ,最后就这一技术在应用中的一些关键技术 ,如空间分辨率、光纤布设工艺、健康监测与损伤诊断等作了阐述     

Data processing in BOTDR distributed strain measurement based on pattern recognition

As a distributed fiber optic sensor able to monitor strain distribution within dozens of miles, BOTDR is widely applied in structural health monitoring (SHM). However, the difficulty of data processing has been in the way of health monitoring of civil structures and hence an obstacle against BOTDR’s development. In order to realize the rapid processing of distributed strain data, the strain measurement line was divided into a series of waveform units to confirm whether waveform units are normal or not by pattern recognition while taking both mean and standard deviation of characteristic vector into consideration, as well as combine neighboring abnormal units as abnormal area and give evaluation and warning to this area by the correspondence between waveforms and fiber deformation. The application of data processing in distributed monitoring of a certain tunnel showed that the abnormal area can be located fast and accurately and the deformation of optical fiber and structure can be evaluated with this technology.     

Influence of laser linewidth on performance of Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry

The effects of optical sources with different laser linewidths on Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR) are investigated numerically and experimentally. Simulation results show that the spectral linewidth of spontaneous Brillouin scattering remains almost constant when the laser linewidth is less than 1 MHz at the same pulse width; otherwise, it increases sharply. A comparison between a fiber laser (FL) with 4-kHz linewidth at 3 dB and a distributed feedback (DFB) laser with 3-MHz linewidth is made experimentally. When a constant laser power is launched into the sensing fiber, the fitting linewidths of the beat signals (backscattered Brillouin light and local oscillator (LO)) is about 5 MHz wider for the DFB laser than for the FL and the intensity of the beat signal is about a half. Furthermore, the frequency fluctuation in the long sensing fiber is lower for the FL source, yielding about 2 MHz less than that of the DFB laser, indicating higher temperature/strain resolution. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical simulations.