基于均匀化理论的多孔板弯曲问题新解

由于订型分布孔的存在,通常的有限元法不能有效地分析多孔板的弯曲问题。该文基于均匀化理论建立了该类问题的新解法。对含密集型分布的阶梯型圆孔板的分析结果,说明了该文方法是有效的。     

周期多孔板的面内振动衰减域及其优化

针对Bragg散射型周期多孔板难以实现较低起始频率并维持较宽衰减域的问题,优化设计了一种含菱形孔的周期多孔板。采用有限元法结合周期边界条件,并运用COMSOL对周期多孔板的面内弹性波频散关系进行计算,通过ANSYS模拟有限尺寸周期多孔板的频率响应,将周期多孔板悬吊进行了正弦波激励的振动试验。研究结果表明,含菱形孔的周期多孔板相比于含圆形和六边形孔的周期多孔板具有更宽的衰减域;材料属性对衰减域影响较大,丁晴橡胶和硅橡胶易于获得低频衰减域;孔隙率的增大有利于获得低频宽带的衰减域;增大菱形孔水平夹角能获得较宽的衰减域。对衰减域的形成机理分析发现,含菱形孔的周期多孔板同时具有Bragg散射型和局域共振型声子晶体的特性,表明两种衰减域机理具有内在的联系。优化设计的周期多孔板存在一条5281.76 Hz至8824.30 Hz的完全衰减域,经过至少2个周期,振动即得到较明显衰减。数值和试验得到的衰减区具有较高的一致性。该研究为减振降噪板的开发提供了新的思路,且由于制作过程便捷,在改善建筑声环境中具有潜在的应用前景。      

应用二维频移LDV测量多孔板管流的湍流特性

采用二维ＬＤＶ系统对圆管中装有四孔板和三孔板的湍流特性进行了实验研究．在孔板下游射流沿管轴逐渐混合．沿管壁可以观察到反向流区域．经足够长距离后，轴向和切向湍流度逐渐趋于相同数量级．实验结果表明，孔板结构和开孔度对湍流特性有重要影响．     

室内空气流动数值模拟的N点风口动量模型

为适应工程应用中快速、准确模拟室内空气流动的需要，提出N点风口动量模型，以简化描述利用计算流体动力学CFD方法模拟室内空气流动时百叶、多孔板类送风口的入流边界条件。百叶和多孔板风口的等温自由射流算例以及HESCO孔板类散流器在室内送风的算例和实验数据对比表明，N点风口动量模型可以较好地解决数值模拟室内空气流动的风口入流边界条件描述问题。     

Dual solutions in boundary layer flow of Maxwell fluid over a porous shrinking sheet

An analysis is carried out for dual solutions of the boundary layer flow of Maxwell fluid over a permeable shrinking sheet. In the investigation, a constant wall mass transfer is considered. With the help of similarity transformations, the governing partial differential equations（PDEs） are converted into a nonlinear self-similar ordinary differential equation（ODE）. For the numerical solution of transformed self-similar ODE, the shooting method is applied. The study reveals that the steady flow of Maxwell fluid is possible with a smaller amount of imposed mass suction compared with the viscous fluid flow. Dual solutions for the velocity distribution are obtained. Also, the increase of Deborah number reduces the boundary layer thickness for both solutions.     

强流脉冲电子束发射度和亮度的测量

介绍了用多孔板—荧光屏与双孔准直器—Rogowski线圈相结合的方法,测量强流脉冲电子束发射度与亮度的实验研究工作。利用摄像机及图象数据微机处理系统,实现了实时测量。对国防科技大学的81—7M—O1强流脉冲电子束进行了实际测量,得到了其非规一化的边发射度为361cm·mrad,亮度为1283A·cm~(-2)·rad~(-2)的初步结果。     

Effects of thermophoresis particle deposition and of the thermal conductivity in a porous plate with dissipative heat and mass transfer

Network simulation method(NSM) is used to solve the laminar heat and mass transfer of an electricallyconducting,heat generating/absorbing fluid past a perforated horizontal surface in the presence of viscous and Joule heating problem. The governing partial differential equations are non-dimensionalized and transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential similarity equations,in a single independent variable,η. The resulting coupled,nonlinear equations are solved under appropriate transformed boundary conditions. Computations are performed for a wide range of the governing flow parameters,viz Prandtl number,thermophoretic coeffcient(a function of Knudsen number),thermal conductivity parameter,wall transpiration parameter and Schmidt number. The numerical details are discussed with relevant applications. The present problem finds applications in optical fiber fabrication,aerosol filter precipitators,particle deposition on hydronautical blades,semiconductor wafer design,thermo-electronics and problems including nuclear reactor safety.     

Combined heat and mass transfer by mixed convection MHD flow along a porous plate with chemical reaction in presence of heat source

An exact and a numerical solutions to the problem of a steady mixed convective MHD flow of an incompressible viscous electrically conducting fluid past an infinite vertical porous plate with combined heat and mass transfer are presented.A uniform magnetic field is assumed to be applied transversely to the direction of the flow with the consideration of the induced magnetic field with viscous and magnetic dissipations of energy.The porous plate is subjected to a constant suction velocity as well as a uniform mixed stream velocity.The governing equations are solved by the perturbation technique and a numerical method.The analytical expressions for the velocity field,the temperature field,the induced magnetic field,the skin-friction,and the rate of heat transfer at the plate are obtained.The numerical results are demonstrated graphically for various values of the parameters involved in the problem.The effects of the Hartmann number,the chemical reaction parameter,the magnetic Prandtl number,and the other parameters involved in the velocity field,the temperature field,the concentration field,and the induced magnetic field from the plate to the fluid are discussed.An increase in the heat source/sink or the Eckert number is found to strongly enhance the fluid velocity values.The induced magnetic field along the x-direction increases with the increase in the Hartmann number,the magnetic Prandtl number,the heat source/sink,and the viscous dissipation.It is found that the flow velocity,the fluid temperature,and the induced magnetic field decrease with the increase in the destructive chemical reaction.Applications of the study arise in the thermal plasma reactor modelling,the electromagnetic induction,the magnetohydrodynamic transport phenomena in chromatographic systems,and the magnetic field control of materials processing.     

低温旋转阀脉冲管制冷机实验研究

本文讨论了一种可适用于气体液化的新型脉冲管制冷系统：在该系统中,回热器被间壁式换热器所取代。切换阀置于脉冲管冷端,和脉冲管作为一个整体,起气体膨胀机的作用。我们建立了相应的实验装置以测量整个系统的性能．利用空气作介质,系统进出口温降为６３．６Ｋ,绝热膨胀效率可达４２％。利用氦气作工质,脉冲管冷端最低温度达１６０Ｋ,每１Ｋ有０．７５Ｗ的制冷量。     

水升华器工作过程的数值模拟与分析

为进一步了解水升华器的工作过程,本文以多孔板为研究对象,建立了微孔内介质工作过程的物理数学模型。采用变时间步长的焓方法对冰的融化和水的凝固过程进行了数值求解;给出了冰层击穿的力学判据;提出了用于求解液-固-汽界面移动问题的两步法。得到了标准工况下工作过程中微孔内介质温度和流量、界面位置和散热热流密度等参数随时间变化的模拟结果.结果表明,在多孔板内存在稳定的周期工作模式。