In situ synthesis of DNA micro-arrays using typography technique

A novel typography technique was developed to in situ synthesize oligonucleotide arrays on glass slide, which has the celerity, high spatial resolution, lower cost, reliable operation, and high synthetic efficiency. The principle and process of the typography technique for fabricating gene-chips have been described in detail. A suit of poly(terafluoroethylene) devices for synthesizing oligonucleotide arrays were designed and prepared, and the fiber tubes with a number of nano-or micron-channels were employed. The oligonucleotide arrays of 16 and 160 features with four different probes were synthesized using the typography technique. The four specific oligonucleotide probes including the matched and the mismatched by the fluorescent target sequence gave obviously different hybridization fluorescent signals. It was indicated that the gene-chip fabricated by the typography method could be used to rapidly screen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and to detect mutations. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60571032, 60571001, 90606027 and 60121101), the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2006AA03Z357), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant Nos. 04jj40023 and 06JJ4012) and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 04008782)     

Using as a Semantic Markup Format

One of the great problems of Mathematical Knowledge Management (MKM) systems is to obtain access to a sufficiently large corpus of mathematical knowledge to allow the management/search/navigation techniques developed by the community to display their strength. Such systems usually expect the mathematical knowledge they operate on in the form of semantically enhanced documents, but mathematicians and publishers in Mathematics have heavily invested into the format and workflow. We analyze the current practice of semi-semantic markup in documents and extend it by a markup infrastructure that allows to embed semantic annotations into documents without changing their visual appearance. This collection of macro packages is called (semantic ) as it allows to markup documents semantically without leaving the time-tried workflow, essentially turning into an MKM format. At the heart of is a definition mechanism for semantic macros for mathematical objects and a non-standard scoping construct for them, which is oriented at the semantic dependency relation rather than the document structure. We evaluate the macro collection on a large case study: the course materials of a two-semester course in Computer Science was annotated semantically and converted to the OMDoc MKM format by Bruce Miller’s LaTeXML system.      

In situ synthesis of DNA micro-arrays using typography technique

A novel typography technique was developed to in situ synthesize oligonucleotide arrays on glass slide,which has the celerity,high spatial resolution,lower cost,reliable operation,and high synthetic efficiency.The principle and process of the typography technique for fabricating gene-chips have been described in detail.A suit of poly(terafluoroethylene)devices for synthesizing oligonucleotide arrays were designed and prepared,and the fiber tubes with a number of nano-or micron-channels were em- ployed.The oligonucleotide arrays of 16 and 160 features with four different probes were synthesized using the typography technique.The four specific oligonucleotide probes including the matched and the mismatched by the fluorescent target sequence gave obviously different hybridization fluorescent signals.It was indicated that the gene-chip fabricated by the typography method could be used to rapidly screen single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)and to detect mutations.