全文获取类型
收费全文 | 12875篇 |
免费 | 785篇 |
国内免费 | 789篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 13536篇 |
晶体学 | 145篇 |
力学 | 6篇 |
综合类 | 28篇 |
数学 | 152篇 |
物理学 | 582篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 98篇 |
2022年 | 259篇 |
2021年 | 299篇 |
2020年 | 421篇 |
2019年 | 344篇 |
2018年 | 289篇 |
2017年 | 278篇 |
2016年 | 368篇 |
2015年 | 269篇 |
2014年 | 338篇 |
2013年 | 780篇 |
2012年 | 1347篇 |
2011年 | 515篇 |
2010年 | 449篇 |
2009年 | 628篇 |
2008年 | 714篇 |
2007年 | 864篇 |
2006年 | 671篇 |
2005年 | 619篇 |
2004年 | 601篇 |
2003年 | 507篇 |
2002年 | 418篇 |
2001年 | 366篇 |
2000年 | 360篇 |
1999年 | 336篇 |
1998年 | 293篇 |
1997年 | 288篇 |
1996年 | 314篇 |
1995年 | 315篇 |
1994年 | 216篇 |
1993年 | 183篇 |
1992年 | 158篇 |
1991年 | 103篇 |
1990年 | 62篇 |
1989年 | 52篇 |
1988年 | 53篇 |
1987年 | 44篇 |
1986年 | 40篇 |
1985年 | 29篇 |
1984年 | 31篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 28篇 |
1981年 | 14篇 |
1980年 | 21篇 |
1979年 | 13篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
《Mendeleev Communications》2022,32(6):777-779
The reactions of aryllithium reagents o-LiC6H4CH2NR2 with (MeO)2CO afford two new tris(aryl)carbinols bearing pendant-NR2 donor groups in the side chain [o-R NCH C H ] COH [R = Me, R + R = (CH) ]. These alcohols feature helical chirality due to differently inclined aromatic fragments and are presented in a crystalline cell as two M and P enantiomers. Carbinol (R = Me) readily reacts with (Me3SiCH2)3Sc(THF)2 to give a scandium bis(alkyl) complex [(o-C6H4CH2NMe2)3CO]Sc(CH2SiMe3)2 featuring rigid binding of the alkoxy anion through a κ1-O, κ2-N chelating coordination mode 相似文献
2.
《Mendeleev Communications》2022,32(4):507-509
We report on the synthesis of new Ru(bpy)2(phen) catalyst for the oscillatory Belousov–Zhabotinsky chemical reaction and on the preparation of novel Ru(bpy)2(phen)-based self-oscillating gels. The synthesized gels exhibit high-amplitude autonomous mechanical oscillations when the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction proceeds inside these gels 相似文献
3.
Attila Kovács 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2020,120(1):e26051
Lanthanide dinitrogen complexes, Ln(N2) x (x = 1-8), were investigated by Density Functional Theory computations using the B3LYP exchange-correlation functional in conjunction with quasirelativistic pseudopotentials for Ln. After a recent study on the lanthanum complexes (A. Kovács, Structural Chemistry 2018 , 29, 1825), the present study aimed to probe the changes upon variously filled 4f subshells of Ln on the structures, stabilities, and bonding properties in related complexes of Nd, Ho, and Lu. The bonding properties were assessed on the basis of natural atomic charges, Ln valence orbital populations, and analysis of bonding molecular orbitals. 相似文献
4.
Lei Chen Hui-Qing Yang Cheng-Yu Jin Zhao-Xu Chen 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2020,120(22):e26366
We studied the ring opening of propylene oxide (PO) by salen-M coordinated OH− group [M = Al(III), Sc(III), Cr(III), Mn(III), Fe(III), Co(II), Co(III), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Ru(III) and Rh(III)]. The results show that the ring-opening energy barriers for M(II) complexes are much lower than those with M(III) complexes in the gas phase, and the barriers correlate linearly with the negative charges on the OH− group and the Fukui function condensed on the OH− group. The nucleophilicity ordering in the gas phase can be rationalized by the ratio of formal positive charges/radius of M cations. Solvent effect greatly increases the barriers of M(II) complexes but slightly changes the results of M(III) ones, making the barriers similar. Analysis indicates that the reaction heats are linearly proportional to the reverse reaction barriers. The relationships established here can be used to estimate the ring-opening barriers and to screen epoxide ring-opening catalysts. 相似文献
5.
New thiazole derivatives were synthesized and fully characterized, then coordinated with PtCl4 salt. Also, the newly synthesized Pt(IV) complexes were investigated analytically (elemental and thermogravimetric analyses), spectrally (infrared, UV–visible, mass, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, X‐ray diffraction) as well as theoretically (kinetics, modeling and docking). The data extracted led to the establishment of the best chemical and structural forms. Octahedral geometry was the only formula proposed for all complexes, which is favorable for d6 systems. The molecular ion peaks from mass spectral analysis coincide with all analytical data, confirming the molecular formula proposed. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allowed discrimination of features between crystalline particles and other amorphous morphology. By applying Gaussian09 as well as HyperChem 8.2 programs, the best structural forms were obtained, as well as computed significant parameters. Computed parameters such as softness, hardness, surface area and reactivity led us towards application in two opposing pathways: tumor inhibition and oxidation activation. The catalytic oxidation for CO was conducted over PtO2, which was yielded from calcination of the most reactive complex. The success of catalytic role for synthesized PtO2 was due to its particulate size and surface morphology, which were estimated from XRD patterns and SEM images, respectively. The antitumor activity was tested versus HCT‐116 and HepG‐2 cell lines. Mild toxicity was recorded for two of the derivatives and their corresponding complexes. This degree of toxicity is more favorable in most cases, due to exclusion of serious side effects, which is coherently attached with known antitumor drugs. 相似文献
6.
Several phenoxy-imine ligands bearing o-trityl group in phenoxy moiety RN=CHArOH (Ar = C6H2(CPh3)tBu, R = 2,6-Me2C6H3 ( L 1 H ); 2,6-iPr2C6H3 ( L 2 H ); 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3 ( L 3 H ); 3,5-(OMe)2C6H3 ( L 4 H ); CHPh2 ( L 5 H ); CPh3 ( L 6 H )) were synthesized and characterized by1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The vanadium complexes based on these ligands LVCl2(THF)2 ( 1–6 ) were synthesized via conventional transmetalation reaction in moderate to high yields. Complexes 1–6 were fully characterized by FT-IR, elemental analyses and the molecular structures of 1 , 2 ·H2O, (2 ·H2O ) 2 (μ-Cl) 2 , 4 , and 5 were confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis in which the six-coordinated vanadium centers are in a typical octahedral geometry. Upon activation with Et2AlCl in toluene, complexes 1–6 showed high activities in ethylene polymerization affording polymers with moderate molecular weight (5.9–11.8 × 104 Da). Moreover, in hexane or CH2Cl2, 1–6 /Et2AlCl exhibited enhanced activities. When activated with MAO or MMAO in toluene, these complexes showed relatively low activities but afforded polymers with ultra-high molecular weight (up to 3.30 × 106 Da). 1–6 /Et2AlCl also showed high activities in ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization at room temperature giving moderate molecular-weight polymers (6.5–11.4 × 104 Da) with co-monomer incorporation being of 6.0 ~ 7.8%. 相似文献
7.
聚山梨酯80又名吐温80,为一种亲水型非离子表面活性剂,是食品、保健品和药品中常用的辅料,作为增溶剂和澄清剂广泛用于中药注射剂。近年来,不良反应的发生使得聚山梨酯80的质量和应用愈加受到重视,有研究认为其加入可能引起注射剂不良反应增加。为避免超量使用,有必要对该辅料的投料加以严格控制。中药注射剂中聚山梨酯80的含量测定是当下研究的热点和难点,可以通过分光光度法、分子排阻-蒸发光散射检测法(SEC-ELSD)、液质联用法(LC-MS)直接测定,也可以水解后法经液相色谱-紫外检测法(HPLC-UV)或气相色谱法(GC)间接测定。但由于聚山梨酯80为聚氧乙烯聚合数目不同的混合物、不同厂家生产的聚山梨酯80化学组分及比例存在较大差异,难以采用统一的转换公式或对照品准确定量。此外,中药注射剂的复杂基质造成的假阳性干扰也对定量提出了挑战。为解决以上问题,以生脉注射液为例,提出基于吸收系数的中药注射剂中聚山梨酯80含量测定新方法。优化检测波长、显色剂种类、液液萃取过程振荡和静置时间,在6个不同品牌仪器上测得聚山梨酯80-硫氰酸钴配合物的吸收系数(E1%1 cm)为104.23,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.08%。生脉注射液稀释10倍后,精密量取供试品溶液1.0 mL,精密加入硫氰酸钴溶液10 mL,二氯甲烷20 mL,涡旋振荡3 min。将混合液移至分液漏斗中,静置30 min,取下层二氯甲烷液,将前1 mL弃去,接收约15 mL,在320 nm处测定吸光度,再根据Lambert-Beer定律,利用获得的吸收系数计算得到聚山梨酯80的含量。方法阴性无干扰,精密度和重复性相对标准偏差均低于3%,平均回收率为98.42%。为进一步验证方法的准确性,分别采用吸收系数法和标准曲线法测定了2个厂家的10批生脉注射液,并与实际投料量比较。配对t检验结果表明,当置信度为95%时,两种方法无显著性差异,吸收系数法测得结果与企业生产中聚山梨酯的实际投料量也无显著性差异。研究采用前人未采用的、灵敏度更高的320 nm为检测波长,显著降低了基质干扰,克服了中药注射剂中聚山梨酯80测定结果与实际投料量难以吻合的问题。吸收系数法无需使用对照品,亦不用制备标准曲线,可为中药注射剂中聚山梨酯80的检查标准提供切实可行的解决方案。所建方法灵敏、准确、快速、简便,为含聚山梨酯80制剂的质量控制提供了关键常数及新的思路。 相似文献
8.
A string of four new hetero binuclear Ru(III) complexes of ferrocenecarboxaldehyde-4(N)-substituted thiosemicarbazones were synthesized and characterized by various spectral (infrared, ultraviolet–visible, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HR-MS) techniques. The binding abilities of the ligands/complexes with nucleic acid (calf thymus DNA, CT-DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were analyzed by absorption and emission titration methods. The complexes exhibited better DNA binding affinity than their parent ligands. The interaction with CT-DNA was found to be intercalative and with BSA static quenching mechanism was observed. All the synthesized Ru(III) complexes were subjected to study their in vitro cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (human breast cancer) and HT-29 (human colon cancer) cell lines. Among the four complexes, complex 3 [RuCp (FF-etsc)PPh3]Cl exhibited the highest cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells and complex 4 [RuCp (FF-ptsc)PPh3]Cl was the most active on HT-29 cells. 相似文献
9.
Padavattan Govindaswamy Patrick J. Carroll Yurij A. Mozharivskyj Mohan Rao Kollipara 《Journal of Chemical Sciences》2006,118(4):319-326
The reaction of [{(η5-C5Me5)M(μ-Cl)Cl}2] {where M = Rh (1), Ir (2)} with functionalized phosphine viz., diphenyl-2-pyridylphosphine (PPh2Py) in dichloromethane solvent yield neutral ϰ1-P-coordinated rhodium and iridium complexes [(η5-C5Me5)RhCl2(κ1-P-PPh2Py)]3 and [(η5-C5Me5) IrCl2(ϰ1-P-PPh2Py)]4. Reaction of complexes 1 and 2 with the ligand PPh2Py in methanol under reflux give bis-substituted complexes such as [(η5-C5Me5)RhCl(ϰ1-P-PPh2Py)2]+
5 and [(η5-C5Me5)IrCl(ϰ1-P-PPh2Py)2]+
6, whereas stirring in methanol at room temperature gives P-, N-chelating complexes of the type [(η5-C5Me5)RhCl(ϰ2-P-N-PPh2Py)]+ 7 and [(η5-C5Me5)IrCl(ϰ2-P-N-PPh2Py)]+
8. Neutral ϰ1-P-coordinated complexes [(η5-C5Me5)RhCl2(ϰ1-P-PPh2Py)]3 and [(η5-C5Me5)IrCl2(ϰ1-P-PPh2Py)]4 easily undergo conversion to the cationic P-, N-chelating complexes [(η5-C5Me5)RhCl(ϰ2-P-N-PPh2Py)]+
7 and [(η5-C5Me5) IrCl(ϰ2-P, N-PPh2Py)]+
8 on stirring in methanol at room temperature. These complexes are characterized by FT-IR and FT-NMR spectroscopy as well as
analytical methods. The molecular structures of the representative complexes [(η5-C5Me5)RhCl2(ϰ1-P-PPh2Py)]3, [(η5-C5Me5)IrCl2(ϰ1-P-PPh2Py)]4 and hexafluorophosphate salt of complex [(η5-C5Me5)IrCl(ϰ2-P-PPh2Py)2]+
6 are established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods 相似文献
10.