锰为中心原子的三元杂多配合物的合成与氧化还原性质研究

用直接法合成了以锰为中心原子的过渡元素和钨的三元杂多配合物,经ICP和TG曲线确定其化学式为K5,6[MnM(OH2)W11O39]·xH2O(M=Mn2+,Fe3+,Co2+,Ni2+,Cu2+,Zn2+和Cd2+),采用IR,UV,XRD和XPS等手段对配合物结构进行了表征,用循环伏安测定了其系列配合物的氧化还原性质,得出系列配合物的氧化性顺序,同时讨论配合物的热稳定性.     

溶剂热法制备无皂阳离子P(MMA-St)纳米胶乳粒子

运用溶剂热法,以丙酮-水为分散介质,偶氮二异丁基脒盐酸盐(AIBA)引发苯乙烯(St)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)共聚,制得粒径约为40nm的无皂阳离子聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)纳米胶乳粒子[P(MMA-St)],其结构经TEM,FT-IR,TG和DTA表征。讨论了不同引发剂[AIBA与KPS(过硫酸钾)],AIBA浓度{[AIBA]},单体总浓度{[M0]}对聚合速率的影响。结果表明:相同条件下AIBA引发聚合速率比KPS的快;随着[AIBA]的增大,聚合速率先增大后减小,而粒径先减小后增大;随着[M0]的增大,聚合速率增大;得到[M0]和[AIBA]影响聚合速率的动力学方程为:RP=kP·[M0]0.59[AIBA]0.77;[P(MMA-St)]的热稳定性显著提高。     

含双螺环三聚磷腈单元的苯并噁嗪树脂的结构和热稳定性

以双螺环取代三聚磷腈基双苯甲酰氯和4-氨基(N-苯基)苯并噁嗪单体为原料合成了一种含双螺环取代三聚磷腈结构单元的苯并噁嗪树脂单体(HCP-5);采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和核磁共振谱仪(1 H NMR,13 C NMR,31P NMR)表征了苯并噁嗪树脂单体的结构,基于FT-IR和示差扫描量热法研究了其固化行为,并利用热重分析和示差热重分析研究了HCP-5树脂单体、均聚物及其与双酚A型苯并噁嗪树脂(Bz)共聚物的热稳定性.结果表明,HCP-5均聚物具有很好的热稳定性和成炭性,其在317℃下的热失重为5%,在800℃下的残炭率为50%,可用于普通苯并噁嗪树脂改性.此外,HCP-5/Bz(1∶1;质量分数)共聚物在332℃下的热失重为5%,在800℃下的残炭率为48%.     

Poly-Schiff bases. III. Synthesis and characterization of polyesterazomethines

Ten new polyesterazomethines have been synthesized by solution polycondensation of five different diamines with 4,4′-[terephthaloyloxy]bis-3-ethoxybenzaldehyde and 4,4′-[isophthaloyloxy]bis-3-ethoxybenzaldehyde using dimethylacetamide in the presence of anhydrous LiCL. Fibrous polymers were precipitated by pouring the solutions into water. The polymerization proceeds rapidly to give highly viscous solutions. The resulting polymers were characterized by viscosity measurement, IR, x-ray diffraction study, elemental analysis, and DSC study. ¹H-NMR spectra of some of the polymers were also recorded. The thermal stability of the polymers was evaluated by TGA and IGA study. Electronic spectra of the polymers were recorded in H₂SO₄. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Comparison of catalytic properties of free and immobilized cellobiase Novozym 188

The enzyme cellobiase from Novo was immobilized in controlled pore silica particles by covalent binding with the silane-glutaraldehyde method with protein and activity yields of 67 and 13.7%, respectively. The activity of the free enzyme (FE) and immobilized enzyme (IE) was determined with 2 g/L of cellobiose, from 40 to 75°C at pH 3.0–7.0 for FE and from 40 to 70°C at pH 2.2–7.0 for IE. At pH 4.8 the maximum specific activity for the FE and IE occurred at 65°C: 17.8 and 2.2 micromol of glucose/(min·mg of protein), respectively. For all temperatures the optimum pH observed for FE was 4.5 whereas for IE it was shifted to 3.5. The energy of activation was 11 kcal/mol for FE and 5 kcal/mol for IE at pH 4.5–5, showing apparent diffusional limitation for the latter. Thermal stability of the FE and IE was determined with 2 g/L of cellobiose (pH 4.8) at temperatures from 40 to 70°C for FE and 40 to 75°C for IE. Free cellobiase maintained its activity practically constant for 240 min at temperatures up to 55°C. The IE has shown higher stability, retaining its activity in the sametest up to 60°C. Half-life experimental results for FE were 14.1, 2.1, and 0.17 h at 60, 65, and 70°C, respectively, whereas IE at the same temperatures had half-lives of 245, 21.3, and 2.9 h. The energy of thermal deactivation was 80.6 k cal/mol for the free enzyme and 85.2 k cal/mol for the IE, suggesting stabilization by immobilization.     

高热稳定性的铝支撑蒙脱土的制备和表征

通过对传统制备方法的改进，用来自不同的原土，成功地合成了一处高热稳定性的铝支撑蒙脱土，用ＸＲＤ、化学分析、脱吸附分析、ＦＴＩＲ等手段表征了样品。结果表明，这种铝支撑蒙脱土在８００℃下要耐热４ｈ，并有高的比表面积及Ｌ和Ｂ固体酸。