大地构造分析中的一些力学问题

综述了应用固体力学连续介质理论分析大地构造运动的问题,讨论了它们和通常力学问题的差别。主要的不同在于这里是反演问题:从地表的大地构造表现模拟出内部过程,从当前的资料追索它们的历史。依靠地球科学家所收集到的资料来引导这些反演。在数值模拟中建立适当的本构关系和破坏准则是头等重要的环节。最后提出固体力学中有关的研究课题。      

TECTONIC MIGRATION OF OIL AND GAS BASINS IN EASTERN CHINA

This paper deals with the tectonic migration of various types of basins and the regu-larity of time-space distribution of oil and gas in the eastern China basins from the availa-ble geological, geophysical and drill data, and then a preliminary discussion is made onthe relationship between tectonic migration and oil and gas formation.     

准噶尔盆地玛湖——盆1井西复合含油气系统地层高压分布与成因

玛湖——盆1井西复合含油气系统是准噶尔盆地油气分布最集中的地质单元．研究表明该地区地层压力类型丰富,侏罗系底部及以下地层在凹陷内一定深度以下普遍发育高压,在莫索湾凸起的中南部侏罗系则整体处于超压状态．沉积型欠压实作用使得凹陷内侏罗系底部及以下储层流体以高压分布为主,腹部4400m以下地层中的高压形成则与成岩型欠压实作用有关,而构造挤压及叠置作用对西北缘高压的形成起主要作用．     

Tectonic setting discrimination and ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar isotope geochronology of the Miba granite

The Miba granite is located in the juncture of Kang County in eastern Gansu Provinceand Lueyang County in Shanxi Province. It is considered to be the post-orogenic granite(POG-type) by major element discrimination method of Maniar. ~40Ar/~39Ar dating indicates that itsemplacement time is about 240-230 Ma and it is the result of the Indo-Sinian magmatism. In theearly Yanshan period (about 193.8 Ma), a thermal event resulted in the partial opening of the ar-gon isotope system of the biotite.     

准噶尔盆地及其周边地区中生代成煤及大地构造梗概

根据准噶尔盆地及其周边地区的大地构造梗概，讨论了其范围的各聚煤区的形成及其成煤环境和成煤阶段。     

Zusammenhänge Zwischen Radonanomalien und Schwarm-Erdbeben im Oberen Vogtland

Abstract

The results of continuous radon measurements in soil air and the water of a mineral spring at Bad Brambach are presented. They are discussed in connection with meteorological, hydrological parameters, and seismic events with magnitudes <3. The atmospheric pressure (especially pressure gradient), the temperature, and the groundwater level gradient have a significant influence onto radon activity of soil air.

The gamma-activity in spring water is influenced by the water flow rate only.

The results show that the soil air (mean Rn activity 130 Bq · l^?1) and especially the water of the Radonquelle of Bad Brambach (mean Rn activity 25 kBq · l^?1) react upon micro earthquakes with small epicentral distances. Frequently there are precursor effects, that means radon maxima due to the building up of tectonic stress/strain.

About 60% of the seismic events had been attended by radon anomalies during the registration period.

The long term measurements will be continued to investigate possible influences of earthquakes with higher epicentral distances and magnitudes >5 onto the radon regime of the bad Brambach area.     

南海深海盆磁异常分析及其动力学意义

在南海深海盆分布着大范围规律性很强的条带状磁异常。通过插值切割法对其中东部次海盆和西南次海盆的磁异常进行分析。发现南海深海盆区的磁力异常具有叠加性，西南次海盆主要受约5km以上的浅部磁源的影响，表现为NE－SW向展布，5km以下磁异常的展布开始变得模糊，强度也变弱；而东部次海盆不仅受5km以上的EW向浅部磁源的影响，同时深部磁源也起着很大的作用，在方向上也表现为EW向，但是强度随着深度而减弱。由此提出了两海盆地磁异常差异所反映的地球动力学过程，认为西南次海盆的磁源是通过大陆边缘裂谷作用过程形成；而东部次海盆深部和浅部磁异常的磁源具有同时性和相同形成机理，是通过海底扩张作用的方式形成的。在结合其它研究结果的基础上，探讨了南海西南次海盆和东部次海盆的动力学机制和演化历史。     

Tectonic motion characteristics of the Earth planet: from 80 MaBP up to now

Copyright by Science in China Press 2004 1 Introduction The theory of plate tectonics dictates that the Earths surface is made up of a rela-tively small number of rigid spherical shells or plates of the lithosphere that move with respect to each other. At present, the absolute motions of plates are described relative to hotspots mainly[1]. However, there are some deficiencies as follows[2,3]: ①the hotspot data are strictly inaccurate; ②the hotspots possibly move with respect to each other…     

台西南盆地构造特征与演化

通过对南海973航次在该区域的多道地震剖面的解释,并结合重力和磁力资料,发现台西南盆地的主要构造走向为NE-NEE向,沉积上具有独特的双层构造,是一个与南海演化密切相关的新生代伸展型断陷盆地.这个盆地早第三纪开始发育,形成了大量的正断层和由它们控制的一系列半地堑,发育了古新世-渐新世的沉积.渐新世末期盆地受到挤压作用影响,发育了一系列的逆冲断层和反转构造,表明了台西南盆地"先张后挤"的演化特征,从中新世开始进入热力学沉降坳陷发育阶段.     

华南沿海地区中生代岩石圈伸展的岩石制约：琼粤闽浙镁铁质岩时空分布与地球化学研究

系统总结了华南沿海琼、粤、闽、浙4省中生代镁铁质岩的时空分布与地球化学特征,分析讨论了华南中生代区域构造环境和地球动力学背景.区内主要发育6期镁铁质岩石,分别形成于早中生代和晚中生代,即245~230、180~175、165~142、130~115、110~101和95~85 Ma.早中生代印支期(245~230 Ma)镁铁质岩,出露在海南岛,伴有A型花岗岩和碱性正长岩产出,形成于印支运动后的伸展环境.在晚中生代(180~90 Ma)的镁铁质岩中,中侏罗世(180~175 Ma)的镁铁质岩石集中出露在粤北、闽西南一带,与湖南、赣南拉斑玄武岩/辉长岩 流纹岩/正长岩和A型花岗岩一起构成双峰式火成岩组合,具有裂谷型火成岩特征.晚侏罗世(165~142 Ma)镁铁质岩,主要有海南、广东一些小的辉长岩等,也与A型花岗岩、碱性正长岩等伴生.白垩纪的镁铁质岩广泛出露在福建、浙江和海南沿海地区.其中,早白垩世(130~115、110~101 Ma)的镁铁质岩常与高钾钙碱性花岗质岩混合,构成辉长岩/玄武岩 花岗岩/流纹岩等复合火成岩;晚白垩世(95~85 Ma)的镁铁质岩,在华南沿海地区形成壮观的镁铁质岩墙群,并伴有A型花岗岩产出.晚中生代镁铁质岩形成于古太平洋构造域伸展环境.华南中生代镁铁质岩石的形成,对应于华南岩石圈多期伸展事件,是华南岩石圈伸展的重要岩石学标志.