Heat capacity, enthalpy and entropy of bismuth niobate and bismuth tantalate

The heat capacity and the heat content of bismuth niobate BiNbO₄ and bismuth tantalate BiTaO₄ were measured by the relaxation method and Calvet-type heat flux calorimetry. The temperature dependencies of the heat capacities in the form C_pm=128.628+0.03340 T−1991055/T²+136273131/T³ (J K^-1 mol^-1) and 133.594+0.02539 T−2734386/T²+235597393/T³ (J K^-1 mol^-1) were derived for BiNbO₄ and BiTaO₄, respectively, by the least-squares method from the experimental data. Furthermore, the standard molar entropies at 298.15 K S_m(BiNbO₄)=147.86 J K^-1 mol^-1 and S_m(BiTaO₄)=149.11 J K^-1 mol^-1 were assessed from the low temperature heat capacity measurements. To complete a set of thermodynamic data of these mixed oxides an attempt was made to estimate the values of the heat of formation from the constituent binary oxides.     

钽酸锂晶体高温富锂扩散工艺的研究

为了采用扩散法制备大厚度近化学计量比钽酸锂(nSLT)晶体,本文从富锂多晶料配比及合成工艺、极化工艺和扩散条件等方面对钽酸锂晶体高温富锂扩散工艺进行了研究,对处理后晶片组分、畴反转电压和光学均匀性进行了表征,研究了扩散条件对晶体组分的影响。结果表明,富锂多晶料锂钽为60/40时较佳,多次使用对所制备晶片组分、畴反转电压和光学质量无明显影响。在研究基础上,制备了系列nSLT晶片,晶片厚度最大为3.2 mm,其组分达到化学计量比且组分均匀,矫顽场约为152 V/mm,晶体光学质量满足实用需求。     

Second-Harmonic Generation in Domain-Inverted Grating Induced by Focused Ion Beam

The fabrication of a periodic domain inversion in LiTaO₃ and LiNbO₃ using direct ion-beam writing is presented. The polarization of these materials can be reversed at room temperature by irradiating Si²⁺ ions into +c faces. A first-order periodic domain inversion with a 50% duty cycle, a depth of 300μ, and an interaction length of 1 mm was realized in LiTaO₃. Using this structure, 300μW of blue light was generated for a conversion efficiency of 0.25%/W.     

聚酰亚胺/钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒复合材料结构与机械性能分子动力学模拟

利用多尺度建模方法构建了聚酰亚胺/钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒复合物模型, 通过分子动力学模拟研究了不同尺寸钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒(5.5, 8.0, 9.4, 10.5, 11.5 Å)对复合材料的结构、弹性模量和相互作用能的影响规律, 并通过计算纳米颗粒表面原子键能和单位表面积原子数目探究了复合物机械性能提高的内部机理. 聚酰亚胺和聚酰亚胺/钽铌酸钾复合材料的杨氏模量分别为2.91和3.17 GPa, 泊松比分别为0.37和0.35, 钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒的引入可以显著改善聚酰亚胺的机械性能. 纳米颗粒表面原子的键能为8.62-54.37 kJ·mol^-1, 表明颗粒与基体主要通过范德华力作用结合且有氢键存在. 计算结果表明, 相同掺杂比例下, 纳米颗粒尺寸越小, 纳米颗粒表面原子数目越大, 颗粒与基体作用更强, 杨氏模量的提高幅度越大, 尺寸效应越显著. 因此, 掺杂小尺寸纳米颗粒是提高聚酰亚胺机械性能的有效途径.     

基于周期极化化学计量比掺氧化镁钽酸锂晶体的高效率、单程、连续外腔倍频

利用长度为20mm的周期极化化学计量比掺氧化镁钽酸锂晶体（PP-MgO: SLT），实现了转换效率为11.8%的单程连续外腔准相位匹配（QPM）倍频，此时1064nm基频光的输入功率为7.69W，获得的532nm倍频光的输出功率为905mW。实验中可以发现，在不同的基频光聚焦条件和输入功率下，对应最大倍频输出的晶体温控炉的设定温度也要随之改变。此外，对允许角和允许温度也进行了研究，实验结果和理论结果符合的很好。     

Tetrahydrofuran Activation Assisted Synthesis of Nanosized Lithium Niobate and Lithium Tantalate

Black solid precursors obtained from reactions between MCl₅ (M = Nb, Ta) and alkyllithiums, n‐butyllithium (ⁿBuLi) and ethyllithium (EtLi), in tetrahydrofuran (THF) were heat treated under vacuum at 673–973 K to form nano‐sized particles (20–100 nm in diameter) of lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) and lithium tantalate (LiTaO₃). Stoichiometry of the reactants is critical and affects the phases of the products. Based on the volatile byproducts detected, a reaction pathway involving the activation of THF by alkyllithiums is proposed to be important for the formation of LiNbO₃ and LiTaO₃ precursors.     

High pressure spectroscopy of chromium doped LiTaO3 crystals

Abstract

The effect of pressure on the luminescence spectrum of the weak field system Cr³⁺ : LiTaO₃ is presented. By using pressure to induce a low to high crystal field strength transition, we demonstrate the ability of pressure to identify distinct dopant bonding environments in luminescent materials.     

Damage and lattice location studies in Hg implanted Hg1–xCdxTe

Abstract

Rutherford backscattering (RBS) and ion induced X-ray (PIXE) channeling experiments have been used to study the damage accompanying Hg and Al implantations into Hg_0.8Cd_0.2 Te and its annealing as well as to determine the location of Hg in the crystal.

The damage induced by the implantation of 300 keV Hg and 250 keV Al ions at room temperature was found from RBS channeling studies to reach a saturation level at doses of 1 × 10¹⁴ cm^?2 and 3 × 10¹⁴ cm^?2 respectively. The damage resembles that characteristic for extended defects and it anneals at ≈ 300°C.

The location of the constituents of Hg implanted Hg_0.8 Cd_0.2 Te was studied by PIXE channeling observing the characteristic X-rays for each element. Angular scans indicate that the channels are mostly blocked by Hg atoms for both unannealed and, to a lesser extent, annealed crystals. This observation supports the suggestion that interstitial Hg atoms may be responsible for the conductivity of Hg implanted Hg_1–x Cd_g Te.     

近化学计量比钽酸锂晶体-生长技术和成分测试方法

近化学计量比钽酸锂晶体的各种优越的物理性质已经吸引了众多研究者们的兴趣.常规提拉法生长的钽酸锂是一种非化学计量比的晶体,晶体中存在大量的本征缺陷,限制了其在高性能器件的应用.研究者们都在努力寻找一种能生长大尺寸高质量晶体的方法,并利用晶体的各种性质制造相应的功能器件.本文综述主要介绍了同成分钽酸锂晶体的缺陷结构和未掺杂和掺镁近化学计量比钽酸锂晶体的生长技术及成分测试方法.     

Induction and Acceleration of Bonelike Apatite Formation on Tantalum Oxide Gel in Simulated Body Fluid

Untreated tantalum metal forms bonelike apatite layer on its surface in a simulated body fluid (SBF) after a long period. The apatite formation on the tantalum metal is significantly accelerated, when the metal was previously subjected to NaOH and heat treatments to form an amorphous sodium tantalate on its surface. The fast formation of the apatite on the NaOH- and heat-treated tantalum metal was explained as follows. The sodium tantalate on the surface of the metal releases the Na⁺ ion via exchange with H₃O⁺ ion in SBF to form a lot of Ta-OH groups on its surface. Thus formed Ta-OH groups induce the apatite nucleation and the released Na⁺ ion accelerates the apatite nucleation by increasing ionic activity product of the apatite in SBF due to increase in OH^– ion concentration. In the present study, in order to confirm this explanation, apatite formations on sodium tantalate gels with different Na/Ta atomic ratios, which were prepared by a sol-gel method were investigated. It was found that even Na₂O-free tantalum oxide gel forms the apatite on its surface in SBF. This proves that the Ta-OH groups abundant on the gel can induce the apatite nucleation. The apatite-forming ability of the gels increased with increasing Na/Ta atomic ratios of the gels. The sodium-containing tantalum oxide gels released the Na⁺ ion, the amount of which increased with increasing Na/Ta atomic ratios of the gels. The released Na⁺ ion gave an increase in pH of SBF. These results prove that the apatite nucleation induced by the Ta-OH groups is accelerated with the released Na⁺ ion by increasing ionic activity product of the apatite in SBF.