属间远缘杂交水稻耐旱性生理特性的比较研究

采用在ＹＯＳＨＩＤＡ水稻专用培养营养液中添加一定量的ＰＥＧ ６０００的方法，比较研究了模拟干旱胁迫条件下属间远缘杂交新型水稻品种“远诱１号”（Ｙ）及其水稻亲本“圭６３０”（Ｇ）、高梁亲本“桃长红”（Ｔ）以及生产推广杂交组合“汕优６３”（Ｓ）等试验材料某些生态生理特性的差异。研究结果表明，在－１．０ＭＰａ的高渗胁迫下，Ｙ、Ｇ、Ｔ的萌发系数均有不同程度的下降，正常培养条件下的萌发系数ＧＣ分别为３６．９     

Mossbauer investigations of corrosion environment influence on Fe valence states in oxide films of zirconium alloys

Mössbauer investigations about iron atom redistribution in oxide films of zirconium alloys subjected to corrosion at 500°C in pure oxygen and water pair have been analysed. The alloys were also subjected to autoclave conditions at a pressure of 10.0 MPa and autoclave conditions at 350°C and at a pressure of 16.8 MPa, using distilled water and water with additives of lithium and fluorine. It is shown that, depending on the corrosion environment, various compounds of iron, such as α-Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄, and FeO, as solid solutions of iron in ZrO₂ are formed in oxide films.     

Novel radical‐responsive MRI contrast agent based on paramagnetic liposomes

A novel, radical responsive MRI contrast agent based on a gadolinium chelate conjugated to a liposome through a disulfide linker was synthesized, with the aim of pursuing the in vivo mapping of radicals. The liposome was prepared by incorporating a thiol‐activated phospholipid, which was subsequently reacted with a gadolinium chelate containing a free thiol group. The long reorientational motion of the supramolecular adduct endows the paramagnetic agent with a relaxivity significantly higher than that of the free complex. The disulfide bond represents a radical‐sensitive moiety and a large decrease in contrast efficacy (T₁ relaxivity) is shown upon its cleavage. A preliminary assessment of the system was made by means of in vitro gamma‐irradiation and thiol–disulfide bond exchange with dithiothreitol. Both methods showed a clear dose‐dependent decrease in T₁‐relaxivity. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The origin of the formation of cavities in galvanized coatings

The role of water‐soluble corrosion products on galvanized wires was examined. The samples used were industrial hot‐dip galvanized wires, which were exposed to the open air under all weather conditions for a relatively short time (6 and 12 months), in an urban environment close to the sea. The samples were studied by different methods, i.e. scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and optical microscopy (OM). Several phases were detected because of the galvanization procedure and the steel substrate. Furthermore, phases which were formed as a result of the reaction of zinc with the atmosphere were also detected. These were oxides like ZnO, carbonates like ZnCO₃ and hydrated Zn and Fe sulfates. Their presence influences the corrosion resistance of the wires, which finally, strongly depends on the solubility of the wires in water. The SO₄^2? compounds especially are very soluble and consequently are easily removed from the coating surface, leading to its degradation by the formation of cavities. In any case, their presence, even after a short period of exposure, implies that the coating is highly affected by the atmosphere of the modern city. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering study of polymer on metals. III. Chemisorbed polybenzimidazole and its corrosion-inhibiting properties at high temperature

Chemisorption of polybenzimidazole on silver and copper etched with nitric acid has been observed by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The polymer is found to react chemically with silver, forming a complexed film on the surface. The SERS spectra show that polybenzimidazole film inhibits oxidation of the metal at high temperature, unlike chemisorbed benzimidazole, benzotriazole, and poly(4-vinyl pyridine). © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

稀土及杂质元素对ZA27合金晶间腐蚀的影响

为了从本质上了解杂质与稀土元素对锌铝合金晶间腐蚀的影响 ,探索抑制合金晶间腐蚀的有效途径 ,依据晶界的大角度重位点阵理论编制出相应计算机软件 ,建立含稀土、杂质及 η相颗粒的α相大角度晶界原子集团模型 ,采用递归法计算了α相晶界间的电荷转移 ,由此讨论了杂质 (Pb、Sn、Cd)及稀土元素 (La、Y)对Zn、Al电极电位的影响 .结果表明 ,杂质Pb、Sn、Cd增大原子间的电荷转移量 ,提高Zn、Al电极电位差 ,加速合金的腐蚀 ,稀土元素减小原子间的电荷转移量 ,降低Zn、Al电极电位差 ,具有抑制晶间腐蚀的作用 .     

葛仙米对丁草胺胁迫的响应

研究了丁草胺对可食用蓝藻葛仙米(Nostoc sphaeroides)生理和代谢活性的影响．用不同浓度的丁草胺处理葛仙米,结果显示低浓度(5 mg·L-1)丁草胺使其光合作用、呼吸作用和光合系统Ⅱ活性增强,高浓度丁草胺(>5 mg·L-1)限制其光合作用、呼吸作用和光合系统Ⅱ活性．同时丁草胺对葛仙米膜结构和功能具有破坏作用,随着丁草胺处理浓度增大,质膜透性不断增大,丙二醛和超氧自由基阴离子含量升高；在低浓度丁草胺处理时,类胡萝卜素含量增加,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性增强,高浓度丁草胺处理时,类胡萝卜素含量降低,SOD活性下降；表明葛仙米对低浓度的丁草胺胁迫具有一定的耐受能力,但高浓度的丁草胺对其生理和代谢构成威胁；针对目前葛仙米野生生境中丁草胺的用量,建议限制丁草胺在葛仙米产地的使用,以保护日益稀缺的葛仙米资源．     

丹麦生物质发电的现状和研究发展趋势

丹麦是世界上利用秸秆生物质燃烧发电技术开发、运行最好的国家，其经验值得中国借鉴。根据作者在丹麦对生物质燃烧发电的研究经历，系统地介绍了丹麦在秸秆生物质发电的经验、遇到的问题及相应的研究和今后的发展方向。     

化学复合镀Ni-P-PTFE镀层的组成分析

近年来化学复合镀技术在工业中应用日益广泛 ,本文运用ＳＥＭ、ＡＥＳ和ＸＰＳ等手段对用化学复合镀制得的Ｎｉ Ｐ ＰＴＦＥ镀层的结构和组分进行了分析 ,并就其耐腐蚀性能与前期得到的Ｎｉ Ｓｎ Ｐ[1 ] 、Ｃｕ Ｓｎ Ｐ[2 ] 、Ｎｉ Ｐ ＣｅＯ2 [3] 、Ｎｉ Ｐ ＳｉＯ2 [4] 镀层进行了比较 ,结果表明 :含量一定的ＰＴＦＥ(聚四氟乙烯 )的共存增强镀层的耐腐蚀性及镀层表面的润滑性。1　实验部分1 1　仪器日产Ｄ/ＭＡＸⅢＡ型Ｘ 射线衍射仪 ,铜靶 ,管压 2 5ｋＶ ,电流 1 0ｍＡ。国产ＪＪＣ 1型润滑湿角测量仪。美国ＰＥＲＫＩＮ ＥＬＭＥＲＰ…     

代铬刷镀层的耐腐蚀机理的考察

对新型的代铬刷镀层Ni-Fe-W-P-S进行了耐腐蚀性能机理的分析研究。用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、扫描隧道显微镜(STM)、X射线衍射及电子能谱(XPS)等的分析表明，基体组织为非品结构是代铬刷镀层优异耐腐蚀性的主要原因.