不同类型专利对经济增长影响的实证研究

文章考察三种不同类型专利对经济增长的影响,结合广东省1985-2014年最新数据,通过Matlab、Excel软件对数据进行图像模拟,并根据函数理论、计量经济学理论,创造性地构建一种多元非线性计量模型。进一步地,运用所得模型进行实证分析,结果显示发明专利在经济增长中产生的影响远大于实用新型专利和外观设计专利,论证了原创性创新在现阶段广东省经济转型升级中的核心作用。     

兼顾功能与协调的企业专利质量评价研究——中国上市芯片企业的实证分析

现有研究缺乏一个较为合理完善的针对企业层面的专利质量评价方法,为科学、合理地评价企业专利质量,从专利技术质量、法律质量和经济质量三个维度建立了企业专利质量评价体系。基于主客观组合赋权法,进一步利用客观偏好系数融合两种聚合算子构建了兼顾功能与协调的企业专利质量组合赋权评价模型。并对2010年至2015年中国上市芯片企业专利质量进行实证研究,结果表明:该时期内芯片企业专利质量整体发展情况较为良好,但部分企业评价值存在较大起伏;一些芯片企业存在专利质量指标间“不协调”的问题,可能造成评价结果“虚高”,这在规模较小的企业中更为普遍;发明专利在芯片企业专利质量中具有重要地位。本文的研究可对企业提升专利质量以及政府制定专利政策提供实践借鉴。     

Discovery,Development, and Patent Trends on Molnupiravir: A Prospective Oral Treatment for COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic needs no introduction at present. Only a few treatments are available for this disease, including remdesivir and favipiravir. Accordingly, the pharmaceutical industry is striving to develop new treatments for COVID-19. Molnupiravir, an orally active RdRp inhibitor, is in a phase 3 clinical trial against COVID-19. The objective of this review article is to enlighten the researchers working on COVID-19 about the discovery, recent developments, and patents related to molnupiravir. Molnupiravir was originally developed for the treatment of influenza at Emory University, USA. However, this drug has also demonstrated activity against a variety of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Now it is being jointly developed by Emory University, Ridgeback Biotherapeutics, and Merck to treat COVID-19. The published clinical data indicate a good safety profile, tolerability, and oral bioavailability of molnupiravir in humans. The patient-compliant oral dosage form of molnupiravir may hit the market in the first or second quarter of 2022. The patent data of molnupiravir revealed its granted compound patent and process-related patent applications. We also anticipate patent filing related to oral dosage forms, inhalers, and a combination of molnupiravir with marketed drugs like remdesivir, favipiravir, and baricitinib. The current pandemic demands a patient compliant, safe, tolerable, and orally effective COVID-19 treatment. The authors believe that molnupiravir meets these requirements and is a breakthrough COVID-19 treatment.     

寻租偏好视角下的标准化参会企业专利策略博弈研究

专利纳入标准使标准的公益性和专利的私利性之间的冲突愈发明显,部分企业在专利标准化过程中的为其低价值专利寻租行为必然会影响其他企业持续研发的积极性,不利于标准的构建和创新的发展。本文在寻租偏好视角下,运用专利组合理论构建了参与标准化企业专利行为博弈模型,并对企业专利行为的演化进行数值模拟,分析企业专利寻租行为的内在动机及寻租的影响因素。结果表明:领域专利组合强度足够大时,企业偏向于对标准必要专利寻租;针对排他性专利标准化竞争,企业能否寻租成功取决于竞争企业与本企业的专利组合强度的对比值;本研究结果以期为我国企业参与国际标准化专利决策提供支持。     

Applications of deuterium oxide in human health

The main aim goal of this review was to gather information about recent publications related to deuterium oxide (D₂O), and its use as a scientific tool related to human health. Searches were made in electronic databases Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs, Medline and Cochrane. Moreover, the following patent databases were consulted: EPO (Espacenet patent search), USPTO (United States Patent and Trademark Office) and Google Patents, which cover researches worldwide related to innovations using D₂O.     

微波消解-火焰原子吸收光度法分析蒙成药金属元素

通过对仪器参数进行优化,经过样品消解剂筛选,建立了测定蒙成药中Na, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg七种元素的微波消解-火焰原子吸收光度法。方法的回收率在95.8%～104.3%之间,RSD值在1.9%～4.2%之间。为验证方法的可靠性,用该方法对国家标准物质灌木枝叶GSV-1进行了测试,测定值较好地吻合标准值。在样品前处理中采用微波消解技术,比传统的湿法具有操作简便、节约试剂、消解时间短、环境污染少等优点,是值得推广应用的样品处理方法之一。     

Recent Advances on the Anticancer Properties of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and Its Major Constituents

Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally with an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018 and a sustained rise in its incidence in both developing and developed countries. According to the WHO, about 1 in 6 deaths is due to cancer. Despite the emergence of many pioneer therapeutic options for patients with cancer, their efficacy is still time-limited and noncurative. Thus, continuous intensive screening for superior and safer drugs is still ongoing and has resulted in the detection of the anticancer properties of several phytochemicals. Among the spices, Crocus sativus L. (saffron) and its main constituents, crocin, crocetin, and safranal, have attracted the interest of the scientific community. Pharmacological experiments have established numerous beneficial properties for this brilliant reddish-orange dye derived from the flowers of a humble crocus family species. Studies in cultured human malignant cell lines and animal models have demonstrated the cancer prevention and antitumor activities of saffron and its main ingredients. This review provides an insight into the advances in research on the anticancer properties of saffron and its components, discussing preclinical data, clinical trials, and patents aiming to improve the pharmacological properties of saffron and its major ingredients.     

Patent-investment games under asymmetric information

This paper analyzes preemptive patenting in a two-stage real options game where an incumbent firm competes with a potential entrant firm for the patent of a substitute product in a product market with profit flow uncertainty. The incumbent suffers loss of monopoly in the product market if the entrant acquires the patent of a substitute product and later commercializes the product. Our patent-investment game model assumes that the entrant has complete information on the incumbent’s commercialization cost while the incumbent only knows the distribution of the entrant’s cost. We investigate the impact of information asymmetry on the preemption strategies adopted by the two competing firms on patenting the substitute product by comparing the optimal preemption strategies and the real option value functions of the two competing firms under complete information and information asymmetry. Our analysis reveals that the informationally disadvantaged incumbent always suffers from loss in its real option value of investment since it tends to act more aggressively in competing for the patent. On the other hand, the real option value of investment of the informationally advantaged entrant may be undermined or enhanced. The incumbent’s aggressive response under information asymmetry may lead to reversal of winner in the patent race. We also examine how information asymmetry may affect the occurrence of sleeping patent and the corresponding expected duration between the two stages of patenting and product commercialization.     

Characteristics of the network of scientific journals pertaining to Chinese patents

We present the network of scientific journals pertaining to Chinese patent data in the period of 1995-2002, in which two journals are considered linked if they have been cited by a common patent. We study a variety of statistical properties of the network of scientific journals of China (NSJC), including degree distribution, local clustering and average degree of the nearest neighbors in the one-mode projected network. Besides this, we generate a weighted network for the NSJC in which the number of common patents citing two particular journals is mapped to line weights. For such a weighted network, distributions of weight, vertex strength, weight per degree, and the relationship between the vertex strength and degree have been analyzed. The above findings show that for the NSJC, small-world behavior is not distinct, while properties of random networks are observed.