Molecular thermodynamic model for associated polymers

A molecular thermodynamic model for homopolymer and copolymer systems with association segments was established by adopting the molecular thermodynamic model for hardsphere‐chain fluid as a reference, a perturbation term contributed by the square‐well potential and a contribution of association terms. The latter considers the multi‐associated‐segments in a chain‐like molecule based on the shield‐sticky model of chemical association. The model can be used to correlate the pVT of melten homopolymer and copolymer. Good agreements with experimental data have been obtained.     

跨接VTSRK方程计算烃类的pVT性质

烃类pVT性质的精细表征对能源动力、化工等领域应用有重要价值,临界区热力性质描述是难点之一.本文建立了烷烃（C1-C20）的跨接比容平移Soave-Redlich-Kwong（SRK）（跨接VTSRK）状态方程,在SRK状态方程的基础上引入了比容平移和跨接方法,以改善饱和液相密度和近临界区域热力学性质的计算精度,方程参数被表达为物质临界参数和偏心因子的函数. 比较结果表明,跨接方程对烷烃（C1-C20）饱和蒸气压、饱和气相密度、饱和液相密度的计算平均偏差分别为1.01%、1.83%和0.93%,显著优于原方程,单相区和近临界区的pVT性质计算精度也比原状态方程有较大改善. 进一步将方程推广到环烷烃（环丙烷、环戊烷和环己烷）和苯、甲苯的计算,也获得了较好效果,验证了方程的预测能力.     

Description of the pVT behavior of ionic liquids and the solubility of gases in ionic liquids using an equation of state

A molecular thermodynamic model developed previously for fluids of chain-like molecules has been extended to correlate the pVT behavior of ionic liquids and the solubilities of gases such as CO₂, C₃H₆, C₃H₈, C₄H₁₀ in various ionic liquids. The relative deviation between the calculated molar volume and experimental data is less than 0.2%. It is shown that this equation of state can be used to correlate the solubility of CO₂ in ionic liquids with only one temperature-independent adjustable interaction parameter, and the accuracy of the correlation can be further improved using two temperature-independent adjustable parameters. The water content of ionic liquids has a large influence on the calculated results. For systems with water content lower than 0.1%, the average relative deviations of bubble point pressure are 3.14 and 4.90% using two parameters and one parameter, respectively. For systems containing C₃H₆, C₃H₈ and C₄H₁₀ two temperature dependent adjustable parameters are needed to obtain a good fit, and the corresponding deviation of the gas solubility is less than 2%, except for C₃H₈.     

LiNi0.5-xAl2xMn1.5-xO4的制备、结构及电化学特征

采用喷雾干燥法合成了LiNi0.5-xAl2xMn1.5-xO4(0≤2x≤0.15)正极材料,研究Al掺杂对LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4材料结构与电化学性能的影响.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、循环伏安(CV)和充放电测试等手段对其结构及电化学性能进行表征.结果表明,Al取代Ni和Mn使材料的晶体结构发生了转变,空间群由P4332转变为Fd3m,同时增大了锂离子的扩散速率,提高了材料的倍率性能.在室温下,LiNi0.4 5Al0.1Mn1.45O4表现了最好的倍率性能,当放电电流为0.5 C时,放电容量为126 mA.h/g,当放电电流增加到5 C时,放电容量为109 mA.h/g,保持率达到了87%.此外,Al取代Ni和Mn有效降低了材料在高温下的Mn溶解量,从而有效改善了材料在高温大倍率下的循环性能.LiNi0.45Al0.1Mn1.45O4材料在50℃,倍率为3 C时,放电容量为121.7mA.h/g,循环50次后,仍可保留初始容量的94%.     

跨接VTSRK方程计算烃类的pVT性质

烃类pVT性质的精细表征对能源动力、化工等领域应用有重要价值,临界区热力性质描述是难点之一.本文建立了烷烃(C1-C20)的跨接比容平移Soave-Redlich-Kwong(SRK)(跨接VTSRK)状态方程,在SRK状态方程的基础上引入了比容平移和跨接方法,以改善饱和液相密度和近临界区域热力学性质的计算精度,方程参数被表达为物质临界参数和偏心因子的函数.比较结果表明,跨接方程对烷烃(C1-C20)饱和蒸气压、饱和气相密度、饱和液相密度的计算平均偏差分别为1.01%、1.83%和0.93%,显著优于原方程,单相区和近临界区的pVT性质计算精度也比原状态方程有较大改善.进一步将方程推广到环烷烃(环丙烷、环戊烷和环己烷)和苯、甲苯的计算,也获得了较好效果,验证了方程的预测能力.     

运用模糊神经网络表达和预测链烷烃pVT性质

采用一种基于遗传算法的新型模糊神经网络方法研究链烷烃类化合物的pVT性质。该方法综合神经网络、遗传算法与模糊系统三种柔性智能计算技术的优点,具有良好的学习能力,不易陷入局部最小区域,学习速度较快,网络知识以模糊语言变量的形式加以表达,易于理解。用分子连接性指数对24种链烷烃化合物结构和pVT数据进行学习,进而预测另外14种未知化合物的pVT性质,较好地揭示出化合物分子结构与pVT性质之间的关系,并给出了良好的关联与预测结果。     

水高温高密度状态方程理论研究

 采用MCR方法计算由exp-6势描述的水分子作用体系的pVT状态方程。与MD数值模拟结果比较后发现，由于水分子间强烈的吸引作用有利于分子有序化过程的发生，在较高温度（2 000~4 000 K）条件下，水分子作用体系仍呈现出固态特征。该物相区内体系的热力学性质不能用MCR理论描述但MCR理论准确预言了水分子作用体系高温液相区pVT状态方程。