High-fidelity Recognition of Organotrifluoroborate Anions (R−BF3−) as Designer Guest Molecules

The recognition of boron compounds is well developed as boronic acids but untapped as organotrifluoroborate anions (R−BF₃⁻). We are exploring the development of these and other designer anions as anion-recognition motifs by considering them as substituted versions of the parent inorganic ion. To this end, we demonstrate strong and reliable binding of organic trifluoroborates, R−BF₃⁻, by cyanostar macrocycles that are size-complementary to the inorganic BF₄⁻ progenitors. We find that recognition is modulated by the substituent's sterics and that the affinities are retained using the common K⁺ salts of R−BF₃⁻ anions.     

One-pot preparation of hydroxylated potassium organotrifluoroborates and subsequent Jones oxidation to potassium organocarbonyltrifluoroborates

Alcohol-containing potassium organotrifluoroborates as starting reagents were prepared from their corresponding dibromobenzenes through a sequential one-pot reaction. The oxidation reactions of these substrates, which were carried out using 3.0 equiv of 8 N Jones reagent in acetone at 0 °C, provided a high yield of the desired carbonyl-functionalized compounds. In addition, the cross-coupling reactions of these organocarbonyltrifluoroborates were successfully performed in the presence of 3 mol % of Pd(PPh₃)₄ catalyst at 100 °C.     

Synthesis and cross-coupling reactions of tetraalkylammonium organotrifluoroborate salts

Treatment of organoboronic acids with hydrofluoric acid generates an in situ tetracoordinate hydronium organotrifluoroborate species which undergoes counterion exchange with tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide. The resultant tetraalkylammonium salts are as air and moisture stable as their potassium organotrifluoroborate counterparts with the added advantage of being readily soluble in organic media. They were found to undergo Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-couplings with a variety of aryl- and alkenylhalides under mild conditions. Their Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling with acid halides is also possible for the generation of ketones.     

Synthesis of unnatural cyclitols via a combined enzymatic-palladium catalysis approach

The Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of a hydroxylated vinyl bromide obtained by a chemoenzymatic approach with a diverse range of potassium organotrifluoroborates has been accomplished catalyzed by Pd(PPh₃)₄ in satisfactory yields. A variety of functional groups are tolerated in the nucleophilic partner.     

有机三氟硼酸钾参与的Suzuki偶联反应研究进展

Suzuki偶联反应是构筑碳-碳单键的重要方法之一。 继有机硼酸后,有机三氟硼酸盐成为一种理想的、具有研究意义和使用价值的有机硼亲核试剂。 本文系统地综述了有机三氟硼酸钾参与的Suzuki偶联反应研究进展并对其研究前景进行了展望。     

Stereoselective Desymmetrization of gem-Diborylalkanes by “Trifluorination”

An efficient and general method for the chemoselective synthesis of unsymmetrical gem-diborylalkanes is reported. This method is based on a late-stage desymmetrization through nucleophilic “trifluorination”, providing chiral gem-diborylalkanes bearing a trifluoroborate group. The reaction offers a highly modular and diastereoselective approach towards the synthesis of gem-diborylcyclopropanes. The utility of the gem-diborylalkane building blocks was demonstrated by selective post-functionalization of the trifluoroborate group. These functionalizations include inter- and intra- Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions.     

Exploration of the reaction of potassium organotrifluoroborates with porphyrins

A general method that uses potassium organotrifluoroborates in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction with ring-brominated porphyrins has been investigated. The reaction conditions tolerate various functional groups and are applicable to the meso- and β-position as well as to aryl- and alkyl-substituted porphyrins. Depending on the nature of the potassium organotrifluoroborate, the coupling products can be obtained in yields of up to 75%.     

Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of Z and E stilbenes by Suzuki cross-coupling reactions of organotellurides with potassium organotrifluoroborate salts

Palladium (0)-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions between potassium aryl- and vinyltrifluoroborate salts and aryl- and vinylic tellurides proceeds readily to afford the desired stilbenes in good to excellent yields. Stilbenes containing a variety of functional groups can be prepared.