纳米TiO_2用于甲基橙溶液的光催化氧化研究

本实验采用纳米级的二氧化钛,对甲基橙溶液进行了紫外光催化氧化处理,探讨了pH的影响和添加Fe3+的效果及反应动力学方程,结果表明,采用UV/O3/TiO2工艺对其进行处理,pH4-5时,10W紫外灯光照60min,CODcr去除率达84%,脱色率达96%以上。添加Fe3+,对溶液的催化降解速度提高不明显。动力学研究表明,CODcr降解速度对CODcr的浓度为一级反应。     

A Large Conformational Change of a Bridged b-Cyclodextrin Dimer in Aqueous Solution

As artificial enzymes, the binding constants of cyclodextrins (CDs) and their substrates are expected to be high1. For this purpose, many kinds of bridged cyclodextrin dimers2 whose two cyclodextrins are linked by various spacers have been constructed. It was of interest to make the dimers, whose binding constants would exceed 108dm3/mol3. Up to date, the bridged cyclodextrin dimers have been extensively studied as enzyme models and as molecular receptors4-6. Recently, we synthesized a brid…     

基于超分子结构共掺杂纳米复合薄膜的制备与荧光特性

为改善功能分了的特性,提出一种基于金属纳米粒子-偶氮染料复合物共掺杂超分子结构功能材料的设计新方法.并依照此方法制备出复合材料,观测了其显微结构,测量了其紫外-可见光吸收,研究了该超分子结构复合体系的荧光特性.实验发现,由于金属银纳米粒子的掺杂,使得超分子结构复合体系中功能分子甲基橙在溶液态体系的荧光强度增强近5倍,而在两种不同结构(共混结构和包覆结构)的薄膜态超分子结构体系中,其荧光强度分别被猝灭15%和20%.研究结果表明,复合膜中采用超分子结构完全能够改善功能分子的特性.     

Thermochemically induced binding of methyl orange to polycations containing primary amine groups

The thermochemical transformation of electrostatically formed complexes of methyl orange (MO) with polycations containing primary amine groups such as ammonium salts afforded new polymers with a high concentration of covalently bound 4‐N,N‐dimethylaminoazobenzene groups in the side chain. Poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(β‐aminoethylene acrylamide hydrochloride) were employed as support polycations for MO. The transformation of sulfonate–ammonium ion pairs into sulfonamide bonds, via heating at an elevated temperature, was supported by the polymer properties before and after the thermal treatment. The polymer structure changes were monitored with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared, ¹H NMR, and ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The spacer length between the backbone and azobenzene structures used as side chains strongly influenced the polymer properties before and after the heat‐induced reaction. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 5898–5908, 2006     

从芒果皮中提取果胶的工艺研究

果胶是一种大分子多糖类物质 ,具有良好的胶凝作用 ,用途广泛 ,在国内外市场上的销量很好。 1 990年世界上果胶总产量约 2 5 0 0 0吨 ,而我国 1 990年仅在食品工业上消耗的果胶就达 1 0 0 0吨 ,但国内市场上销售的果胶大部分为进口货[1] 。果胶在我国的生产仍处于开发阶段 ,所以发掘新的提取资源、提高果胶质量、降低果胶生产成本的意义十分重大。目前 ,已有以柑桔皮、向日葵盘、苹果皮、香蕉皮、马铃薯渣为原料提取果胶的研究报道 ,如何从芒果皮中提取果胶却未见报道。芒果在制造罐头和饮料中副产大量下脚料———芒果皮 ,未能得到充分利用…     

The study of the partitioning mechanism of methyl orange in an aqueous two-phase system

An aqueous two-phase system of dodecyl triethylammonium bromide (C₁₂NE, cationic surfactant) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, anionic surfactant) mixture is proposed for the extraction of some dyes and porphyrin compounds. Transparent two phase-systems are formed when the surfactant concentrations and C₁₂NE/SDS ratios are in certain regions. In this study, the aqueous two phase-systems were prepared by mixing 0.1 mol l⁻¹ C₁₂NE and SDS with a molar ratio of 1.7:1.0. The results showed that negatively charged chlorophyll (sodium copper chlorophyllin) and positively charged dye (methyl violet) were efficiently extracted into the upper phase. The negatively charged methyl orange (pH>7) was moved into the upper phase mostly while amphoteric methyl orange (pH<3) was distributed in the two phases uniformly. Except for hydrophobic force, charge interaction between solute and surfactant also play an important role in the extraction process.     

微乳液法制备超细K2Ln2Ti3O10及其光催化活性研究

以钛酸四丁酯、氢氧化钾和镧系金属氧化物为原料。采用微乳液法制备了系列超细K2Ln2Ti3O10（Ln=La．Ce,Pr．Nd，Sm，Eu，Gd）光催化剂。并考察了其光催化活性。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）和紫外可见吸收光谱（UV—Vis）对其进行了表征。结果表明：用微乳液法制备催化剂可以在较低的温度下（900℃），用较短的烧结时间（3h）合成结晶度高、粒径较小（200Mm）的K2Ln2Ti3O10钙钛矿型层状结构化合物。催化剂在紫外光和可见光条件下均具有光催化降解甲基橙的活性。紫外光条件下可以明显提高光催化降解活性，降解率达到60％。     

甲基橙褪色动力学光度法测定槲皮素的研究

基于稀H2SO4介质中,槲皮素对KBrO3氧化甲基橙褪色反应的明显催化作用,建立了测定痕量槲皮素的动力学光度法。在选定的条件下,方法的线性范围为0~0.05 mg/L,表观摩尔吸光系数为4.52×106L.mol-1.cm-1,检出限为0.0012 mg/L。利用此法测定了银杏叶和中药制剂慢严舒柠中的槲皮素,加标回收率为95%~106.7%,相对标准偏差小于3.3%。     

Properties and Photoelectrocatalytic Behaviour of Sol-Gel Derived TiO2 Thin Films

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) thin films have been prepared on indium doped tin oxide (ITO) glass by sol-gel dip-coating method. Properties of the films were determined as a function of heat-treatment by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and photoelectrochemical tests. The films heat-treated at higher temperatures show better crystallinity and photoresponse. The microscopic structure on the film after heat-treatment is attributed to the incorporation of organic polymer into the precursor solution. The performance of the electrodes treated at different temperature on photoelectrocatalytic degradation of methyl orange was investigated. The effect of applied potential and the ability of the electrode to be repeatedly used in photoelectrocatalytic degradation were also evaluated.     

二铁取代硅钨酸盐光解引发甲基橙的脱色

合成了SiW10Fe2的季胺盐(Fe2POM),并对其结构进行了表征.以Fe2POM为催化剂,研究了甲基橙的起始浓度、催化剂添加量、不同pH值等因素对光脱色速率的影响.利用异丙醇作为·OH捕获剂,探讨了甲基橙在Fe2POM-H2O2体系中的光化学脱色规律和机制.结果表明:体系在较宽的pH范围内具有高的光脱色活性,40—160mg/L初始质量浓度范围内,甲基橙的脱色速率随初始浓度降低而升高,脱色过程符合表观一级反应动力学规律.各体系的光脱色活性依次为:Fe2POM-H2O2单纯的Fe2POM>单纯的光照.