纳米晶枝CuAu合金催化剂对二氧化碳电催化还原性能的研究

利用可再生清洁能源将CO2转化为CO和其他小分子是合成含碳燃料的可观方法之一.间歇性可再生能源存储的重要策略之一是将二氧化碳进行电化学还原.选择具有高活性和稳定性的电催化剂对于电化学还原CO2至关重要.在这项研究中,我们使用简单的电沉积方法合成了具有纳米晶枝状结构的CuAu合金电极.各项表征显示原子比约为1∶1的CuA...     

Integration of Sequential Reactions in a Continuous Flow Droplet Reactor: A Route to Architecturally Defined Bimetallic Nanostructures

Microreactors for nanoparticle (NP) synthesis offer advantages over batch reactions in terms of scale‐up and integration with online analyses. Herein, two microreactors (i.e., a duo‐microreactor) are integrated to achieve sequential reactions for the synthesis of bimetallic NPs with architectural control. The generality of the duo‐microreactor is shown with the synthesis of branched Pd‐Pt NPs and core@shell Pd@Au NPs, both achieved by synthesizing Pd nanocubes in the first part of the duo‐microreactor and then using those nanocubes downstream as seeds for Pt or Au deposition. Control of the dimensions of these NPs is further demonstrated and achieved by tailoring metal precursor concentrations inline. This microreactor methodology is anticipated to be applicable to other bimetallic NP systems.     

Pt-Cu合金纳米枝晶的合成及其氧还原催化性能

纳米材料的结构和化学成分对其催化性能的显著影响已经得到验证. 因此,本文通过一种简易的蚀刻方法,合成出具有均匀合金结构且尺寸和形貌均一的Pt-Cu纳米枝晶（NDs）作为高效氧还原（ORR）催化剂. 其树枝状形貌的形成得益于由Br^-/O₂氧化蚀刻剂引起的蚀刻效应. 通过改变Pt/Cu前驱体的比例可以容易地调节Pt-Cu NDs的Pt/Cu原子比,而不会使其树枝状形貌发生改变. 活性最高的碳载Pt₁Cu₁ NDs（Pt₁Cu₁ NDs/C）的面积比活性为1.17 mA·cm^-2@0.9V（vs. RHE）,约为商业Pt/C的5.32倍. 此外,Pt₁Cu₁ NDs/C还具有卓越的电化学耐久性,即使在经过加速衰减实验的12000个电势循环后仍保持其优异的ORR催化活性. Pt₁Cu₁ NDs/C优异的ORR催化活性和电化学耐久性得益于由其合金结构和枝晶形貌产生的电子效应和结构效应.     

三维纳米枝状物表面制备蛋白质印迹聚合物及其性能

在金电极表面制备了3D金/铜纳米枝状物,并以丙烯酰胺为功能单体,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,血红蛋白为模板分子,在枝状物表面成功制备了蛋白质印迹聚合物。利用循环伏安法和扫描电子显微镜对制备的聚合物修饰电极进行了表征,通过微分脉冲伏安法、利用制备的聚合物修饰电极可对溶液中的血红蛋白进行检测,得到比已报道的类似印迹传感器更宽的检测范围和更低的检测下限,其线性范围为1.0×10~(-14)~1.0×10~(-1)mg/L,检测限为1.9×10~(-15)mg/L(S/N=3),相关系数为0.9975。实验结果表明,在电极表面制备的金/铜纳米枝状物,大大提高了电极的电子传递能力,也提高了印迹聚合物修饰电极的检测范围。     

硒化银纳米枝晶的合成与表征(英)

Silver selenide nanodendrites were synthesized by the reaction of AgNO₃ and sodium selenosulfate in the presence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). The as-synthesized sivler selenide samples were characterized by XRD, TEM and SAED. The results showed that Ag₂Se nanodendrites were of single crystalline with diameters ranging from 60～150 nm.     

Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 at Coinage Metal Nanodendrites in Aqueous Ethanolamine

Electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ into usable chemicals is a promising path to address climate change and energy challenges. Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis of unique coinage metal (Cu, Ag, and Au) nanodendrites (NDs) via a facile galvanic replacement reaction (GRR), which can be effective electrocatalysts for the reduction of CO₂ in an ethanolamine (EA) solution. Each metal ND surface was directly grown on glassy-carbon (GC) substrates from a mixture of Zn dust and the respective precursor solution. The electrocatalytic activities of the synthesized ND surfaces were optimized for CO₂ reduction in EA solution by varying their composition. It was determined that a 0.05 mol fraction of EA exhibited the highest catalytic activity for all metal NDs. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques showed that metal-ND electrodes possessed higher current densities, lower onset potentials and lower charge-transfer resistances for CO₂ reduction than their smooth polycrystalline electrode counterparts, indicating improved CO₂ reduction catalytic activity. It was determined, using FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, that formate was produced as a result of the CO₂ reduction.     

Laser-induced fabrication of highly branched CuS nanocrystals with excellent near-infrared absorption properties

We report on the successful fabrication of highly branched Cu S nanocrystals by laser-induced photochemical reaction.Surprisingly, the single-crystalline nature with preferential alignment of the(107) orientation can be well improved during the moderate growth process. The branch length drastically increases from about 5 nm to 6 μm with an increase of photochemical reaction time(0-40 min). The absorption spectra of as-prepared Cu S nanodendrites show that localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR) peaks can be modulated from about 1037 nm to 1700 nm with an increase of branch length. Our results have a promising potential for photodynamic therapy and biological imaging application.     

Pt nanodendrites with (111) crystalline facet as an efficient,stable and pH-universal catalyst for electrochemical hydrogen production

High-performance nanomaterial catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction via electrochemical water splitting are significant to the development of hydrogen energy. In this work, we report a robust and highly active catalyst fabricated through direct electrochemical deposition of Pt nanodendrites at the surface of activated carbon (Pt NDs). Owing to the large electrochemically active area and the exposed (111) facet of Pt, Pt NDs exhibits outstanding activity towards hydrogen evolution reaction with a low requiring overpotential of 0.027 V at 10 mA/cm² and Tafel slope of ≈ 22 mV/dec in acidic media. In addition, the hydrogen yield of Pt NDs is 30%–45% larger than that of commercial Pt/C at the same Pt loadings. Moreover, Pt NDs exhibits excellent long-term durability whose hydrogen production efficiency remains unchanged after six-hour hydrogen production, while the efficiency of commercial Pt/C catalyst decayed 9% under the same circumstance. Considering the superiority of catalytic activity and stability, this Pt NDs present great potentiality towards practical hydrogen production application.     

SnO2 nanowires mixed nanodendrites for high ethanol sensor response

Mixed morphology of SnO₂ nanowires and nanodendrites was synthesized on the gold-coated alumina substrates by carbothermal reduction of SnO₂ in closed crucible. The products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffractometer, and transmission electron microscopy. Results showed the SnO₂ nanowires and the SnO₂ nanodendrites branched out from the main nanowires. Both SnO₂ nanostructures were pure tetragonal rutile structure. The nanowires were grown in [101] and directions with the diameter of 50–150 nm and the length of a few 10 μm. The nanodendrites were about 100–300 nm in diameter. The growth mechanism of the SnO₂ nanostructures was also discussed. Characterization of ethanol gas sensor, based on the mixed morphology of the SnO₂ nanostructures, was carried out. The optimal temperature was about 360 °C and the sensor response was 120 for 1000 ppm of ethanol concentration.     

Electrodeposited silver nanodendrites electrode with strongly enhanced electrocatalytic activity

Highly uniform dendritic silver nanostructures as a new electrode material, have been synthesized by electrodeposition on the glassy carbon (GC) electrode with assistance of polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as a soft template, to achieve a superior electrocatalyst with enhanced detection sensitivity in electroanalysis compared to conventional bulk Ag electrodes. The effects of the growth conditions such as concentrations of the reagents and applied potentials on the morphology and structure of as-prepared tree-like nanostructures have also been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In the silver nanodendrites (AgNDs), the diameter of the trunk is around 100-200 nm with length up to 10-40 μm, and the length of its branches can reach 10 μm. In addition, the electrocatalytic behavior of this modified electrode was exploited as a sensitive detection system for the reduction of RDX high explosive, hydrogen peroxide and hexacyanoferrate (HCF) by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Also, the obtained results were compared to multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and bulk silver electrodes. These studies show that the nanodendritic silvers significantly increase the electron-transfer rate of the electrochemical reactions by as much as 1-2 orders of magnitude.