Transition-Metal Complexes with Nano-Sized Phosphine and Pyridine Ligands-Catalysis,Fluxional Behavior and Molecular Recognition

Nano-sized phosphine and pyridine ligands having tetraphenylphenyl-, m-terphenyl-, poly(benzylether) moieties were synthesized. These ligands showed a remarkable effect on homogeneous transition metal catalyzed reactions. Pd(II) complexes with tetraphenylphenyl substituted pyridine ligands show high catalytic activities for oxidation of ketones suppressing Pd black formation and maintains the catalytic activity for a long time. Rh(I) complex catalysts with m-terphenyl substituted phosphine ligands showed remarkable rate acceleration in the hydrosilylation of ketones. In addition, several phosphinocalixarene ligands were synthesized and their coordination studies with Pd(II), Pt(II), Ru(II), Ir(I), and Rh(I) metals were documented. Ir(I) and Rh(I) cationic complexes with a 1,3,5-triphosphinocalix[6]arene ligand showed dynamic behavior with size-selective molecular recognition.     

纳米金催化剂的抗水性能和抗硫中毒性能

与Au/Al2O3相比,复合载体负载的Au/FeOx/Al2O3具有更高的催化CO氧化的低温活性和稳定性,且表现出湿度增强效果,水分压为550~1 600 Pa时催化剂活性较高.在完全无水的环境中,催化剂发生快速不可逆失活;在饱和水汽的环境中,催化剂发生缓慢可逆失活.在水汽作用下的失活与纳米金粒子的粒径长大有关.助剂对催化剂抗水性能影响不大,但对抗硫中毒性能的影响较大.Au/CeO2/Al2O3催化剂显示有最佳的抗硫中毒性能.催化剂表面硫化物和硫酸盐的生成是导致催化剂不可逆硫中毒失活的主要原因.     

MPNS/PMA纳米复合材料的制备与性能

MPNS/PMA纳米复合材料的制备与性能;纳米SiO2;聚马来酸酐;复合材料     

水热法合成纳米氧化铪及碳/氧化铪核壳结构纳米复合粉体的研究

Nano-sized HfO₂, C and C/HfO₂ powders obtained through hydrothermal process have been investigated by XRD, TEM and FTIR, and Different precursors, namely Hafnium(Ⅱ) oleate and Hafnium(Ⅱ) hydroxide derived from homogeneous precipitation method, have been chosen for the synthesis of nanometric HfO₂ via hydrothermal process. The results indicate that using the former material as the precursor under identically hydrothermal process can yield finer HfO₂ nanoparticles, compared to using the latter. Nano-sized Carbon of about 100 nm with square morphology and narrow size distribution can be obtained through hydrothermal reaction of sucrose solution at 200 ℃ for 6 h. The addition of as-synthesised Carbon nanoparticles into the hydrothermal process of HfO₂ powder can produce C/HfO₂ composite powders with core-shell structure.     

The Extended Surface as a Factor Forming Distinctive Features of Nanodimensional Media

As a result of studying thin-film nano-sized media, it is shown that the extended surface exerts a substantial influence on their distinctive properties. It has been established that, by using special methods to obtain nano-sized media under certain conditions, it is possible to form crystal structures with a high concentration of defects of a prescribed type in the near-surface layers of nanocrystals. The correlations found between the conducting and optical properties of thin-film nano-sized structures are an additional factor that extends the capabilities of controlling their characteristics with a view toward developing miniature effective radiation sources, elements of modulation of laser radiation, dosimeters, and components of thin-film solar cells. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 72, No. 3, pp. 287–291, May–June, 2005.     

Sol-Gel Nanosized Semiconducting Titania-Based Powders for Thick-Film Gas Sensors

Pure, 5 at%, and 10 at% Ta- or Nb-doped TiO₂ nanosized powders were prepared by the sol-gel method. The powders heated to 400°C have the crystalline anatase structure. While the pure TiO₂ powder heated to 850°C has the rutile structure, the addition of Ta and Nb inhibited the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation at this temperature. Ta was soluble in the titania lattice up to the concentration of 10 at%, while the solubility of Nb was 5 at%. Thick films were fabricated with these powders by screen printing technology and then fired at 650°C and 850°C for 1 h. SEM observations showed that the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation induces a grain growth of about one order of magnitude for pure TiO₂. The addition of Ta and Nb is effective to keep the TiO₂ grain size at the nanometric level even at 850°C. Conductance measurements showed that a good gas response is observed only for the nanostructured titania-based films. The CO response of these materials is only slightly affected by humidity.     

浸渍-煅烧法合成纳米氧化铜的研究

纳米氧化铜是一种重要的功能材料,在高温超导、有机催化、传感器、锂离子电极材料等方面均具有广泛的应用前景.由于CuO在应用效果上与其形貌、粒径大小以及粒径分布有密切关系,因此,纳米CuO的可控研究仍具有重要意义.     

Optical diffusers based on uniform nano-sized polymer balls/nematic liquid crystals composite films

ABSTRACT

Optical diffusers are promising diffusing materials in the optical devices such as monitors, projectors, fibre optics, light-emitting diode (LED) systems and liquid crystal displays (LCDs). We report optical diffusers comprising uniformly distributed nano-sized polymer balls/nematic liquid crystals (LCs) by ultraviolet (UV) click reaction of ene monomer and thiol monomer. By optimising the mass ratio 1:1 of ene and thiol, of which the average diameter of the corresponding nano-sized polymer balls is about 900 nm, relatively high optical transmission and haze with 88.99% and 94.49% are yielded, respectively. Furthermore, by controlling the curing time, the average diameter of nano-sized polymer balls can be reduced to 810 nm, and the developed film exhibits high transmission (98.49%) without sacrificing the high haze (91.77%). This paper demonstrates that UV click reaction is an economical approach to fabricate optical diffusers in a controllable manner.     

超声波激活纳米氧化锌损伤牛血清白蛋白的研究

利用紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱和荧光光谱研究了超声波照射激活纳米氧化锌(ZnO)粒子对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的损伤,并考查了超声波照射时间、纳米ZnO粉末加入量、溶液酸度和照射功率等因素对BSA分子损伤的影响。结果表明,对于体系温度为37.0±0.2 ℃和浓度为1.0×10^-5 mol·L^-1的BSA溶液,BSA的损伤程度随着超声波照射时间,纳米ZnO粉末加入量,溶液pH值和照射功率的增加而增大。此外,还初步探讨了超声波照射激活纳米ZnO粒子损伤BSA分子的机理,认为是声致发光和高热激发使纳米ZnO粒子产生·OH自由基,进而损伤BSA分子。     

Polymer composites of nano-sized particles isolated in matrix

The kinetic and mechanism of thermal decay of transition metal acrylates or its cocrystallites are studied. At 200–300°C the rate of thermal decay can be described by first-order rate equations. The thermal transformations of the metal-containing monomers under study involve dehydration, solid-phase polymerization and thermolysis processes. The composition of products of the thermal transformations are studied. The products of the decay are analyzed by optical and electron microscopy as well as by magnetic measurements, IR and mass spectroscopy. The main solid-state products of decomposition are nanometer-sized particles of metal or its oxide and ferrites with a narrow size distribution stabilized by the polymeric matrix. The average particle sizes, L_av, are 6.0–13.0 nm in the case of FeAcr₃ and 6.0 nm for cocrystallites FeCoAcr and Fe₂CoAcr. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.